McGarry, Ontario
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McGarry is an incorporated township in Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada.<ref name="CGNDB" /> It includes the communities of Virginiatown and Kearns. The township borders with Quebec to the east, along Highway 66 between Kirkland Lake and Rouyn-Noranda. The northern border of the township forms part of the border between Timiskaming District and Cochrane District. Highway 66 was rerouted in 2017 because of concerns that aging mine shafts under the road could cause it to collapse.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
J. T. Kearns (after whom one of the communities was named)<ref name=":22">Template:Cite news</ref> staked a claim in 1906, which became the Chesterville gold mine (1938–1952).<ref name=":12">Template:Cite news</ref> An Template:Convert shaft connected 20 levels, and its 500-ton stamp mill produced a total of 458,880 ounces of gold. The Kerr-Addison Gold mine started in 1936, and employed 1,456 people by 1959. In 1960, the mine produced the most gold in the Western Hemisphere, and the 10 millionth ounce of gold was produced in 1982.
History
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Gold in the area was originally reported in the late 1800s by Chief Ignace Tonené of the Temagami First Nation. He staked a claim near the north arm of Larder Lake but claimed it was stolen.<ref>Angus, C. (2022). Cobalt: The Making of a Mining Superpower. Canada: House of Anansi Press Incorporated. p23-24</ref> He reported it, but Indian Affairs was unable to help.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Tonené's claim was jumped by European settlers and later developed into the Kerr-Addison Mine.<ref name=":13">Charlie Angus (2022). Cobalt: The Making of a Mining Superpower. Canada: House of Anansi Press Incorporated.</ref><ref name=":04">Template:Cite web</ref> Adjacent to the Kerr-Addison Mine, the Chesterville gold mine was developed, operating from 1939 until 1952.<ref name=":3">A Chronology of Minerals Development in Canada Template:Webarchive, Government of Canada, p36 & 47</ref>
Virginiatown was built to house the Kerr Addison workers.Template:Citation needed In 1946, McGarry was incorporated as an Improvement District, which changed to Township in 1962.<ref name=census1951>Template:Cite report</ref><ref name=census1971/>
On December 21, 1972, masked thieves successfully robbed the Virginiatown Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce on the Kerr Addison miners' payday. The robbers were never captured.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2016, the nearby Tournene Lake (or Lac Tournene in French), was officially re-named as Chief Tonene Lake.<ref name=":1">Chief Tonene Lake Template:Webarchive, Canadian Geographical Names Database, Government of Canada, accessed 1 March 2022</ref><ref name=":2">Chief Tonene Lake (Formerly Tournene Lake / lac Tournene) Template:Webarchive Canadian Geographical Names Database, Government of Canada, accessed 2 March 2022</ref><ref name=":02">Template:Cite web</ref>
Beaverhouse First Nation
In 2018, Beaverhouse First Nation submitted a claim to the Government of Ontario, asserting the community is a distinct First Nation and did not sign Treaty 9, or any other treaty.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On April 19, 2022, Beaverhouse First Nation was officially recognized as a First Nation under Section 35 of Canada’s Constitution.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, McGarry had a population of Template:Val living in Template:Val of its Template:Val total private dwellings, a change of Template:Percentage from its 2016 population of Template:Val. With a land area of Template:Convert, it had a population density of Template:Pop density in 2021.<ref name="SCref21" /> Template:Canada census
Template:Historical populations
Mother tongue (2021):<ref name=SCref21/>
- English as first language: 56.0%
- French as first language: 37.9%
- English and French as first languages: 3.4%
- Other as first language: 1.7%
Economy
McGarry's economy has historically been supported by the mining industry, and struggled when the mines were not producing.
The Armistice Gold mine was purchased by Bonterra Resources from Kerr Resources in 2016,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and gold exploration and modelling was done to update the resource to a National Instrument 43-101 Compliant Resource.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Gold Candle Ltd. and investors purchased the historic Chesterville Gold Mines and Kerr Addison Gold Mines property in 2016,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and conducted a feasibility study and gold exploration with Canadian Exploration Services Limited<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> on the old Chesterville Gold Mines and Kerr Addison Gold Mines property.
Tourism
McGarry hosts several events, including an annual fish derby at Larder Lake, and a Labour Day weekend music event at the McGarry community centre.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Gem Lake Maple Bedrock Provincial Park is located in McGarry Township. Sport fishing is permitted within Gem Lake Maple Bedrock Provincial Park.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> McGarry Township Forest Conservation Reserve, shared with McFadden Township, is located in McGarry Township.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable people
See also
- List of townships in Ontario
- List of francophone communities in Ontario
- Deak Resources
- Larder Lake, Ontario
- Mount Cheminis (nearby inselberg)