Medny Island
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Medny Island (Template:Langx), also spelled Mednyy or Mednyi, sometimes called Copper Island in English (literally translated from Russian), is the smaller (after Bering Island) of the two main islands in the Commander Islands in the North Pacific Ocean, east of Kamchatka, Russia. (The other fifteen are better described as islets and rocks.) These islands belong to the Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation.
The island was uninhabited until the late 19th century, when Aleuts came from Attu Island in the Aleutian Islands to Medny Island.
The island is Template:Cvt long and between Template:Cvt wide and its area is Template:Cvt. Its maximum elevation is Template:Cvt and the average annual temperature is Template:Cvt. About Template:Convert off the northwestern end of the islands are the Beaver Stones (Бобровые камни in Russian), two islets connected by an isthmus, with a combined length of Template:Cvt. Sea Lion Rock (Template:Langx, Sivuchiy Kamen),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> is another rock islet just off Medny Island.
History
The island was sighted on 5 November 1741 by Bering and his crew while returning from the expedition during which he found America from the west, but he did not land on this island.<ref>Georg Wilhelm Steller’s journal, in Frank A. Golder: Bering’s voyages, Vol. 2. p. 129–133. American Geographical Society. Research series, New York, 1925.</ref>
The Russian naval officer and historian Vasily Berch believed that Yemelyan Basov reached this island in 1745, during his second of four expeditions to the Commander Islands between 1743 and 1749, and that most of the furs he brought back to Kamchatka in 1745 were hunted on this island.<ref>Vasiliĭ Nikolayevich Berch: A Chronological History of the Discovery of the Aleutian Islands or The Exploits of Russian Merchants With a Supplement of Historical Data on the Fur Trade, Materials for the Study of Alaska History, No. 5, The Limestone Press, Kingston, Ontario.</ref>
Towards the end of the 19th century, the settlement of Preobrazhenskoye was established by Aleuts who moved there from Attu Island.
According to linguists, the island's residents spoke a creole language, known as the Mednyj Aleut language, which combined Russian and Aleut vocabulary and grammar.
In 1970, all citizens of the island were moved to neighboring Bering Island. Until 2001, the island was occupied as a frontier post. Since then, the island has been completely uninhabited. Scientific studies of the fauna and flora are conducted annually.
Ecology
Medny Island is home to many Steller sea lions. 340 pups were born on the island in 1999, and 153 in 2016.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>