Municipalities of Baja California
Baja California is a state in northwest Mexico that is divided into seven municipalities.<ref name="inegi20bcn" /> According to the 2020 INEGI census, Baja California is the 13th most populous state with Template:Nts inhabitants and the 12th largest by land area spanning Template:Convert.<ref name="inegi20bcn"/><ref name="Landarea" />
Municipalities in Baja California are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.<ref name="constitution">Template:Cite act</ref> Their legal framework derives from Title VI of the state Constitution<ref name=BCConstitution>Template:Cite act</ref> and the state's 2001 Law of the Municipal Regime.<ref name=munilaw>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing public services for their constituents.<ref name=BCConstitution/> The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos) who govern from the municipal seat.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.<ref name="Mexicolaws">Template:Cite book</ref> They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.<ref name="Mexicolaws" /> Municipalities may establish functional and geographical subdivisions called delegaciones and subdelegaciones<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> in accordance with Article 29 of the Law of the Municipal Regime.<ref name=munilaw/>
The largest municipality by population in Baja California and in Mexico is Tijuana with 1,922,523 residents, representing around half (Template:Percentage) of the population of the state. The smallest municipality by population is San Felipe: the areas which now make up San Felipe recorded a population of 18,369 inhabitants in the 2010 Mexican Census.<ref name=opinion>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> San Quintín, which spans Template:Convert, is the largest municipality by area in the state and in the country. Playas de Rosarito is the smallest municipality by area spanning Template:Convert.<ref name="Landarea" /> The first municipality to incorporate was Ensenada on Template:Dts,<ref name="Incorporationdate" /> and the newest municipality is San Felipe which was formed from Ensenada and Mexicali on Template:Dts.<ref name="SanFelipe"/>
Municipalities
- Municipalities in Baja California
-
Tijuana, Baja California's most populous municipality -
Mexicali, state capital and second largest municipality by population -
Ensenada, third largest municipality by population, and largest municipality by area. -
Playas de Rosarito, fourth largest municipality by population -
Tecate, the least populated municipality before the creation of San Felipe.
The following figures do not take into account the creation of San Felipe in 2022, for which current area and population figures from INEGI are not yet available.
| Name | Municipal seat<ref name="inegi20bcn">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Population (2020)<ref name="inegi20bcn"/> |
Population (2010)<ref name="census2010">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |
CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Change | Land area<ref name="Landarea">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Population density (2020) |
Incorporation date<ref name="Incorporationdate">Template:Cite book</ref> | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| km2 | sq mi | ||||||||||
| Ensenada | Ensenada | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | Template:Dts | ||||||
| MexicaliTemplate:Dagger | Mexicali | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | Template:Dts | ||||||
| Playas de Rosarito | Rosarito | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | Template:Dts | ||||||
| San Felipe<ref group="lower-alpha">San Felipe was created from parts of the municipalities of Ensenada and Mexicali on January 1, 2022. INEGI has not yet provided current land area or population figures for San Felipe, or updated the land area and population figures of Ensenada and Mexicali to reflect the change.</ref> | San Felipe | Template:Dts<ref name="SanFelipe">Template:Cite press release</ref> | |||||||||
| San Quintín<ref group="lower-alpha">San Quintín was created from Ensenada on February 12, 2020, and thus does not appear in the 2010 census.<ref name="SanQuintin"/></ref> | San Quintín | 117,568 | Template:Convert<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Template:Pop density | Template:Dts<ref name="SanQuintin">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | ||||
| Tecate | Tecate | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | Template:Dts | ||||||
| Tijuana | Tijuana | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | Template:Dts | ||||||
| Baja California | — | Template:Change | Template:Nts | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | — | |||||
| Mexico<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref><ref name="2020 Census">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |
CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
— | Template:Change | Template:Nts | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | — | |||