Nakhodka
Template:Short description {{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Use mdy dates
Template:Infobox Russian inhabited locality
Nakhodka (Template:Lang-rus, means "finding") is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about Template:Convert east of Vladivostok (169 kilometers by car [1]), the administrative center of the krai. Population: Template:Ru-censusTemplate:Historical populations
History
The Nakhodka Bay, around which the city is organized, was first known to the Russians on the corvette Amerika, which sought shelter in the bay during a storm in 1859. In honor of this occasion, the ice-free and relatively calm bay was named Nakhodka, which in Russian means "discovery" or "lucky find".
An imperial settlement existed here from 1868 to 1872 but was abandoned following the death of its administrator, Harald Furuhjelm. In the fall of 1870, Otto Wilhelm Lindholm established a whaling station across the bay from the settlement. In the spring of 1871 he fitted out his schooner Hannah Rice and sailed to Posyet, where he caught six gray whales.<ref name=Lindholm>Lindholm, O. V., Haes, T. A., & Tyrtoff, D. N. (2008). Beyond the frontiers of imperial Russia: From the memoirs of Otto W. Lindholm. Javea, Spain: A. de Haes OWL Publishing.</ref>
Until the 20th century, the area around the bay remained uninhabited.Template:Citation needed When the Soviet government decided to build a harbor in the area in the 1930s, a number of small settlements were founded, which were merged as a work settlement in the 1940s. On May 18, 1950, the settlement, by then with a population of about 28,000 residents, was granted town status.Template:Citation needed
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three rural localities, incorporated as Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.<ref name="Ref130">Law #161-KZ</ref> As a municipal division, Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction is incorporated as Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug.<ref name="Ref858">Law #183-KZ</ref>
Geography
Climate
Nakhodka has one of the mildest climates in Primorsky Krai and in the whole of the Asian part of Russia. Average temperature in January is Template:Convert; in August (the warmest month), it is Template:Convert. It is classified as a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb, Trewartha climate classification Dcbo) due to the vast seasonal differences and is a very cold climate for a coastal location below 43 degrees latitude. The maritime influence is manifested in low diurnal temperature variation and a vast summer seasonal lag. Due to the influence of the interior, there is a sharp drop in temperatures between October and November. Half of the year has mean temperatures above Template:Convert, in spite of the warmest month being only moderately warm and the coldest month having quite severe cold, with a very low seasonal lag in winter.
Economy and infrastructure
The city's economy, based mostly around a port and port-related activity such as fish processing and canning, had suffered since 1991 as Vladivostok was opened to foreign activity again. Local industry also took a hit during the 1998 Russian financial crisis.
Nakhodka is a transport junction where goods from Japan are transferred from ships in the Port of Vostochny onto the Russian railway system, including the Trans-Siberian Railway portion of the Eurasian Land Bridge. JSC Vostochny Port, a stevedoring company, is headquartered in the city.
The Port of Kozmino has been since 2012 the eastern terminus of the Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline.
Sports
FC Okean Nakhodka was the only professional sport club in the city. It spent the 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Russian Premier League, although the club later folded and was refounded in the amateur leagues. It is also the home town of association football player Viktor Fayzulin.
Twin towns and sister cities
Nakhodka has the following sister city relationships:
| City | State/province | Country | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maizuru | File:Flag of Kyoto Prefecture.svg Kyoto | Template:Flag | June 1961Template:Ref |
| Otaru | File:Flag of Hokkaido Prefecture.svg Hokkaido | Template:Flag | September 12, 1966 |
| Bellingham | Template:Flag | Template:Flag | April 1975 |
| Oakland | Template:Flag | Template:Flag | April 1975 |
| Tsuruga | File:Flag of Fukui Prefecture.svg Fukui | Template:Flag | October 1982 |
| Jilin | Template:Flagicon Jilin | Template:Flag | July 1991 |
| Donghae | File:Flag of Gangwon Province (1997–2023).svg Gangwon | Template:Flag | December 1991 |
| Clare | Template:Flag | Template:Flag | October 1997 |
| Phuket | File:Seal Phuket.png Phuket Province | Template:Flag | September 21, 2006 |
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Template:Clear Template:NoteFirst Soviet Union-Japan sister city
Notable people
- Mirabella Karyanova (born 1990), Russian electronic musician, DJ, and producer
References
Notes
Sources
Template:Primorsky Krai Template:Russian Far East Template:Authority control