Nelumbo lutea
Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Speciesbox
Nelumbo lutea is a species of flowering plant in the family Nelumbonaceae. Common names include American lotus, yellow lotus, water-chinquapin, and volée. It is native to North America. The botanical name Nelumbo lutea Willd. is the currently recognized name for this species, which has been classified under the former names Nelumbium luteum and Nelumbo pentapetala, among others.<ref name="itis">Template:ITIS</ref>
Description
American lotus is an emergent aquatic plant. It grows in lakes and swamps, as well as areas subject to flooding. The roots are anchored in the mud, but the leaves and flowers emerge above the water's surface. The petioles of the leaves may extend as much as Template:Convert and end in a round leaf blade Template:Convert in diameter. Mature plants range in height from Template:Convert.<ref name="Slocum">Template:Cite book</ref>
Flowering begins in late spring and may continue into the summer. The specific name means "yellow" in Latin and refers to the flowers, which may be white to pale yellow. The flowers measure Template:Convert in diameter and have 22-25 petals.<ref name="Slocum"/>
Ecology
It is the larval host plant of the American lotus borer, Ostrinia penitalis.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Conservation status
Nelumbo lutea populations are declining in the U.S. due to habitat destruction. It has been listed as threatened or endangered in New Jersey, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, and extirpated in Delaware.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Their populations have a low level of genetic diversity, showing variation among different populations rather than within populations.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Range
The native distribution of the species is Minnesota to Oklahoma, Florida, Mexico, Honduras, and the Caribbean.
Indigenous communities, who utilized the plant as a source of food and medicine, likely expanded its distribution northward and eastward across the continent.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Uses
N. lutea may be the plant called "macoupin" in the Miami-Illinois language.Template:Verify source<ref name=enc/> This plant has a large tuberous rhizome that is used as a food source.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The seed is also edible and is known as "alligator corn".<ref name=enc>Template:Cite book</ref> The seed-like fruits can be shaken loose, and are also edible.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The unopened leaves and young stalks can be cooked.Template:Clarify<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
For the Wyandot people, the plant was mixed with acorns for food during times of famine. The Meskwaki had the plants seeds cooked with corn, and for winter-time food used terminal shoots cut crosswise, strung on string, and dried.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The species is also widely planted in ponds as an ornamental plant; for its foliage and flowers. American Lotus spreads via creeping rhizomes and seeds. This species has been crossed with N. nucifera to create many hybrids. Seeds may be propagated by scarifying the pointed tip of the seed with a file then soaking in water. Propagation is also possible by division of established plants.Template:Citation needed
{{#invoke:Gallery|gallery}}
References
Template:Commons category Template:Wikispecies Template:Reflist