Norfolk International Airport
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Norfolk International Airport Template:Airport codes, is a regional commercial and cargo airport located Template:Convert northeast of downtown Norfolk.<ref name="FAA" /> It is owned and operated by the Norfolk Airport Authority: a bureau under the municipal government. The airport serves the Hampton Roads metropolitan area of southeast Virginia (along with Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport in Newport News) as well as northeast North Carolina.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 2025 categorized it as a small hub airport, which serves both commercial and cargo operations.<ref name="CY 2022 Commercial Service Airports, Rank Order">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Enplanement" />
In 2024, Norfolk International Airport was the 65th most busy airport in the United States with a passenger count of 2,444,897 people. This is a 5.34% increase from 2023. It's the third-busiest airport in Virginia in terms of passengers served annually, behind Dulles International Airport and Reagan National Airport, but just ahead of Richmond International.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
1920s
In 1926, Norfolk citizens experienced their first commercial flights on the Mitten Line, operated by Philadelphia Rapid Transit Air Service, Inc. The service offered round-trip flights to Washington and Philadelphia for a brief period before high costs led to its discontinuation. In 1929, Ben Epstein, a World War I veteran pilot, established an air taxi service between Norfolk and Richmond from his airfield on Granby Street. The Ludington Line commenced the first daily scheduled service from Epstein's field to Washington, D.C. During this era, air travel was a special occasion marked by families dressing in their finest attire to board the 10-passenger Fokker Trimotor.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>
1930s
Commercial air travel faced challenges in 1932 when the Navy objected to the expansion of the Granby Street field due to its proximity to Norfolk Naval Air Station. Operations moved to Glenrock Airport, but the Great Depression caused all commercial flights to be suspended indefinitely, grounding Norfolk for five years. In 1938, Norfolk Municipal Airport was established on the site of the former Truxton Manor Golf Course, featuring a 3,500-foot runway and a passenger terminal, which was completed in 1940.<ref name=":0" />
1940s
During World War II, Norfolk Municipal Airport played a crucial role in the war effort. The Army Air Corps took over operations from 1942 to 1947, expanding the runway and adding two more to accommodate increased flights. After the war, the airport returned to city control, and commercial travel resumed with the introduction of new airlines. In 1948, Piedmont Airlines began operations, coinciding with the groundbreaking for a modern terminal building.<ref name=":0" />
1950s
By the early 1950s, Norfolk had more daily flights than New York's La Guardia Airport. In 1950, the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (NPIA) took over airport management, boasting Norfolk Municipal Airport as one of the nation's finest and busiest. The new terminal was officially dedicated in 1951.<ref name=":0" />
1960s
The 1960s witnessed the transition from propeller-driven aircraft to jets. Norfolk Municipal Airport easily adapted to the demands for longer runways and taxiways, with jetliners becoming the norm. In 1968, the airport was officially recognized as the air transportation center for the entire region and was renamed Norfolk Regional Airport.<ref name=":0" />
1970s
In 1974, Norfolk Regional Airport dedicated its new terminal, expanding further with additional land acquisition and the addition of Federal Customs facilities in 1976. New facilities for the fire station, maintenance depot, and air traffic control tower were also planned and completed as needed. The airport's name was also changed from Norfolk Regional Airport to the modern name, Norfolk International Airport.<ref name=":0" />
1980s
The 1980s saw significant developments, including the opening of a new general aviation facility and air cargo terminal, along with expanded parking facilities. In 1988, the supervising body Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority was renamed to Norfolk Airport Authority.<ref name=":0" />
1990s
Norfolk International Airport continued to grow in the 1990s, expanding its air cargo terminal, parking facilities, and passenger terminal. In 1991, a new concourse extension with 10 additional gates was completed, along with a modern fire station and FAA air traffic control tower. The airport also embraced the digital age by launching its first website and installing internet access booths for travelers.<ref name=":0" />
21st century
Starting in 2018, the Norfolk Airport Authority has undertaken a multi-phase plan to improve airport terminals, concourses, the general aviation terminal, dining and retail facilities, in-airport advertising, and customer service known as Transform ORF.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> Renovations and improvements to enhance the passenger experience are ongoing, with over $1Bn allocated for capital development projects planned for 2024 and beyond. These developments include the rehabilitation of main Runway 05/23, a new moving walkway for the Sky Bridge, renovations for the arrivals terminal, addition of a rental car facility, a new unified ticketing hall and baggage area, expansions for Concourse A, a new international Processing Facility for Customs and Border Patrol, and a Courtyard By Marriott Airport Hotel; additionally, this plan will also reserve space for a possible future Concourse C.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref> On August 25, 2025, it was announced that Norfolk International Airport would be closing Runway 14/32 to make room for additional developments; these include a new de-icing facility and the straightening of Robin Hood Road, one of the main entrances to the airport.<ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":1" />
On January 10, 2026, Norfolk International Airport will start its first commercial international flight since 2001 when Breeze Airways will offer direct flights to Cancun International Airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Facilities
The airport covers Template:Convert at an elevation of Template:Convert. Its main runway, 5–23, is Template:Convert, and crosswind runway 14–32 is Template:Convert.<ref name=FAA /><ref>Template:Cite web FAA data effective January 23, 2025.</ref>
General aviation services, or fixed-base operations, are provided by Signature Flight Support with full-service facilities for maintaining and housing private and corporate aircraft. The modern Template:Convert terminal facility offers everything from aircraft rental to sightseeing flights and aircraft repair.
FAA control tower
Built in 1995, the FAA Norfolk Air Traffic Control Tower stands Template:Convert high. Operated and managed by the Federal Aviation Administration, the Norfolk Tower handles about 1,100 aircraft per day, 24 hours per day and 365 days per year. Radar coverage is provided by the ASR-9 terminal system with a six-level weather detection capability. Also available for use is an Enhanced Target Generator (ETG) lab with two radar scopes to accomplish training objectives, as well as the IDS4 system, a specialized microcomputer network system designed to distribute and display both static and real-time data regarding weather and other rapidly changing critical information to air traffic controllers.
Concourses
Norfolk International Airport has two passenger concourses:
Concourse A (gates 1-9) are used by American Airlines and Southwest Airlines, while Concourse B (gates 16-30) are used by Breeze Airways, Delta Airlines, Frontier Airlines, Spirit Airlines and United Airlines. International flights will be handled at gate A1, which Breeze Airways will begin to utilize on January 10, 2026 with its international flights from Cancun International Airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Cargo
About 70 million pounds of air cargo are shipped in and out of Norfolk International Airport each year.<ref name="norfolkairport.com">Template:Cite web</ref> NIA houses one of the most modern and efficient air cargo facilities in the state. Its two modern air cargo terminals have Template:Convert of space. A ramp provides direct access from the plane to the warehouse.
Terminal upgrade
The terminal began major upgrades in 2024, scheduled to be finished by 2025. The moving walkway on the Sky Bridge between Arrivals and Departures will be reinstalled, a new Customs and Border Patrol facility will be constructed, the checking bags area will be consolidated, an expansion for Concourse A with additional departures, and a Courtyard by Mariott hotel will be built on the airport's grounds, which has already been approved. Two new destinations were also announced, with both Breeze Airways and Spirit Airlines flying to Southwest Florida International Airport, and Spirit Airlines flying to Tampa International Airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2025, multiple other improvement projects will begin, including a new Departures Terminal with a modern glass facade and a unified ticketing area and baggage deposit, a rental car facility, more meal options, and updated lounges.<ref name=":2" /> There is expected to be $2 cost increase in fares and other expenses to cover this extensive renovation, and the end goal is to make Norfolk International Airport a Skytrax 5-star rated airport.
Closure of Runway 14/32
<ref name=":2" /> On August 25, 2025, it was announced that Norfolk International Airport would be closing the crosswind Runway 14/32, effective immediately. 14/32 had been built in 1943 by the U.S. Government to support World War II and ran perpendicular to the main runway, however, by the 2020s, it's 4875-foot length was too short to accommodate most aircraft types operational at ORF. According to ORF's Vice President of Capital Projects, Jeff Bass, the runway only carried approximately 1% of annual operations. Closing the runway will make room for additional improvements in the airport's capital projects, these include a new de-icing facility and the expansion of cargo operations. The closure of 14/32 will also allow for the straightening of Robin Hood Road, one of the main entrances to the airport, anticipating future increases in vehicles. It will also reduce airspace conflicts with NAS Oceana.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" />
Airlines and destinations
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Passenger
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Cargo
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Statistics
Airline market share
| Rank | Airline | Passenger | Market share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Delta Air Lines | 834,000 | 17.09% |
| 2 | Southwest Airlines | 776,000 | 15.91% |
| 3 | American Airlines | 769,000 | 15.76% |
| 4 | United Airlines | 524,000 | 10.73% |
| 5 | Breeze Airways | 384,000 | 7.86% |
| Other | 1,593,000 | 32.64% |
Top destinations
| Rank | City | Passengers | Carriers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Template:Flagicon Atlanta, Georgia | 427,730 | Delta, Frontier |
| 2 | Template:Flagicon Charlotte, North Carolina | 268,480 | American |
| 3 | Template:Flagicon Baltimore, Maryland | 181,930 | Southwest |
| 4 | Template:Flagicon Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas | 139,100 | American |
| 5 | Template:Flagicon Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois | 116,250 | American, United |
| 6 | Template:Flagicon Washington–Dulles, D.C. | 102,120 | United |
| 7 | Template:Flagicon New York–LaGuardia, New York | 96,200 | American, Delta |
| 8 | Template:Flagicon Orlando, Florida | 95,740 | Frontier, Southwest, Spirit |
| 9 | Template:Flagicon New York–JFK, New York | 84,400 | American, Delta |
| 10 | Template:Flagicon Denver, Colorado | 79,980 | Southwest, United |
Annual traffic
| Year | Passengers | Year | Passengers | Year | Passengers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 3,464,246 | 2012 | 3,299,712 | 2022 | 4,115,537 |
| 2003 | 3,436,391 | 2013 | 3,112,355 | 2023 | 4,552,582 |
| 2004 | 3,778,216 | 2014 | 2,965,306 | 2024 | 4,864,752 |
| 2005 | 3,884,422 | 2015 | 3,034,407 | ||
| 2006 | 3,703,664 | 2016 | 3,209,185 | ||
| 2007 | 3,714,323 | 2017 | 3,380,902 | ||
| 2008 | 3,549,204 | 2018 | 3,663,996 | ||
| 2009 | 3,409,456 | 2019 | 3,981,139 | ||
| 2010 | 3,332,466 | 2020 | 1,785,135 | ||
| 2011 | 3,193,388 | 2021 | 3,311,121 |
Ground transportation
There are no bus or shuttle services to and from Norfolk International Airport. The nearest bus (HRT Route 15) connection is Template:Convert away at the intersection of Military Highway (Route 165) and Norview Avenue (Route 247).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
All ground transportation services are located in the arrivals terminal. There are several on-site rental car companies, an authorized shuttle service providing door-to-door service to the entire Hampton Roads area, and taxis available through several companies. Both Uber and Lyft service the airport through an agreement with the airport authority.
Parking
A nine-level parking garage adjacent to the new arrivals terminal opened in July 2002. It provides 2,800 covered spaces for short-term, long-term, and rental parking. Overall, NIA parking facilities can accommodate 7,000 vehicles.<ref> Template:Cite web</ref> In February 2019, the airport announced it would begin construction of a brand new 1.09 million square foot parking garage. Construction started in July 2019. This new parking garage will consolidate all parking lots at ORF. It will also replace the employee shuttle that costs over $600,000 a year to operate.<ref> Template:Cite web</ref>
Accidents and incidents
- On January 19, 1967, a United Airlines Vickers 754D Viscount collided with a snow plow that had entered the runway in the path of the United plane upon landing. All 50 passengers and crew on board the aircraft survived; the aircraft suffered major damage to its airframe and was written off.<ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
- On September 1, 1974, a Martin 4-0-4 which was sitting empty on the ramp caught fire, damaging the airframe beyond repair. The cause of the fire was never determined.<ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
- On March 4, 2015, three people were killed when a Mooney M20F crashed in the Norfolk Botanical Gardens while attempting to land on Norfolk's Runway 23 in foggy and turbulent weather.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
References
External links
Template:Div col end Template:Norfolk, Virginia Template:Water Crossings in the Hampton Roads Region Template:USAAF 1st Air Force World War II Template:Authority control