Otto Fritz Meyerhof
Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox scientist Template:Short description Otto Fritz Meyerhof (Template:IPA; 12 April 1884 – 6 October 1951) was a German physician and biochemist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Biography
Otto Fritz Meyerhof was born in Hannover, at Theaterplatz 16A (now:Rathenaustrasse 16A),<ref>Walter Selke and Christian Heppner, The family of the Nobel Prize recipient Otto Meyerhof in Hannover, in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblaetter 71 (2017), p.156-166; Template:ISBN</ref><ref name=con2>Template:Cite web</ref> the son of wealthy Jewish parents. In 1888, his family moved to Berlin, where Otto spent most of his childhood, and where he started his study of medicine. He continued these studies in Strasbourg and Heidelberg, from which he graduated in 1909, with a work titled "Contributions to the Psychological Theory of Mental Illness".
In Heidelberg, he met Hedwig Schallenberg. They married in 1914 and had three children together: a daughter, Bettina, and two sons, Gottfried (who after emigration used the anglicized name Geoffrey) and Walter.
In 1912, Otto Meyerhof moved to the University of Kiel, where he received a professorship in 1918. In 1922, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, with Archibald Vivian Hill, for his work on muscle metabolism, including glycolysis.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In 1929, he became one of the directors of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, a position he held until 1938, when Jews were expelled from university teaching positions.
To escape the increasing oppression of Jews by the Nazi regime, in 1938 Meyerhof emigrated with his family to Paris.<ref>Jean-Marc Chouraqui, Gilles Dorival, Colette Zytnicki, Enjeux d'Histoire, Jeux de Mémoire: les Usages du Passé Juif, Maisonneuve & Larose, 2006, p. 548 [1]</ref> After the fall of France in 1940, they fled to Marseille. Aided by the Emergency Rescue Committee, they left the country by ship to the United States that year. Meyerhof was appointed to a guest professorship at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
Meyerhof died in Philadelphia at the age of 67.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In addition to receiving the Nobel Prize, he was recognized for his contributions to the study of glycolysis, by the naming of the common series of reactions for the pathway in Eukaryotes as the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas Pathway.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
See also
References
External links
- Meyerhof Curriculum Vitae and Obituary
- National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
- Template:Nobelprize the Nobel Lecture on 12 December 1923 Energy Conversions in Muscle
Template:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1901-1925 Template:1922 Nobel Prize winners
- 1884 births
- 1951 deaths
- Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
- German Nobel laureates
- German biochemists
- Jewish American scientists
- Jewish chemists
- Jewish physicians
- Jewish Nobel laureates
- American people of German-Jewish descent
- Physicians from Hanover
- People from the Province of Hanover
- Scientists from Berlin
- Scientists from the Province of Brandenburg
- Heidelberg University alumni
- University of Pennsylvania faculty
- Academic staff of the University of Kiel
- University of Strasbourg alumni
- Foreign members of the Royal Society
- Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
- Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- 20th-century German physicians
- Max Planck Institute directors