Pannonia Inferior
Template:Short description Template:Refimprove Template:Infobox Former Subdivision Pannonia Inferior, lit. Lower Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sirmium. It was one of the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The province was bordered to the east (across the Danube) by a Sarmatian tribe—the Iazyges. Later, the Vandals appeared to the north-east.
Settlements
Major settlements in Pannonia Inferior included:
- Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica) which several times served as an imperial residence for several emperors.
- Aquincum (Buda), the provincial capital.
- Cuccium (Ilok)
- Cibalae (Vinkovci)
- Mursa (Osijek)
- Certissa (Đakovo)
- Marsonia (Slavonski Brod)
- Sopianae (Pécs)
Aftermath and legacy
The province was yet again split during the reign of the tetrarchs into two more provinces, Pannonia Valeria in the north, with the new provincial capital at Sopianae, and Pannonia Secunda in the south with Sirmium as the provincial capital. During the Frankish period, in the 9th century, the term Lower Pannonia was used to designate eastern and southern regions of Pannonia, including the Slavic Principality of Lower Pannonia, particularly Posavina.
List of Roman governors
- Publius Aelius Hadrianus 106-108<ref>Unless otherwise noted, governors from 106 to 137 are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 281-362; 13 (1983), pp. 147-237</ref>
- Titus Julius Maximus Manlianus 108-110/111
- Publius Afranius Flavianus 111/112-114/115
- Quintus Marcius Turbo 117/118-118/119
- Lucius Cornelius Latinianus 119-121?<ref>Ronald Syme's dates ("Governors of Pannonia Inferior", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 14 (1965), p. 344); Eck less precisely states he was governor during the reign of Hadrian.</ref>
- Lucius Attius Macro 130/131-133/134
- Nonius Mucianus 135<ref>Margaret Roxan, "Two Complete Diplomas of Pannonia Inferior: 19 May 135 and 7 August 143", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 127 (1999), pp. 249-273</ref>
- Lucius Aelius Caesar 136-137
- Claudius Maximus 137-c. 141<ref>Unless otherwise noted, governors from 149 to 182 are taken from Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), pp. 250-252</ref>
- Marcus Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus c. 141-c. 144
- Quintus Fuficius Cornutus c. 144-147
- Marcus Cominius Secundus 147-c. 150
- Marcus Nonius Macrinus c. 150-c. 153
- Marcus Iallius Bassus Fabius Valerianus c. 156-c. 159
- Gaius Julius Geminius Capellianus c. 159-c. 161
- Tiberius Haterius Saturninus c. 161-164
- Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus c. 167
- Lucius Ulpius Marcellus before 173
- Gaius Vettius Sabinianus Julius Hospes c. 173-175
- Sextus Quintilius Condianus c. 175-c. 179
- Lucius Septimius Flaccus c. 179-c. 183
- Lucius Cornelius Felix Plotianus c. 183-185<ref>Unless otherwise noted, governors from 183 to 212 are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 277-279</ref>
- Gaius Pomponius Bassus Terentianus 192<ref>Attested in office 11 August 192 by RMD V.446 and V.447</ref>
- Gaius Valerius Pudens c. 192-c. 194
- Tiberius Claudius Claudianus c. 197/198
- Lucius Baebius Caecilianus 199-202
- Lucius Cassius Marcellinus between 202 and 204
- Gaius Julius Septimius Castinus c. 211/212
- Gaius Octavius Appius Suetonius Sabinus c. 215/216<ref>Unless otherwise noted, governors from 215 to 235 are taken from Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, pp. 256f</ref>
- Lucius Alfenus Avitianus between 218 and 222
- Marcius Claudius Agrippa c. 217
- Triccianus 217-218<ref name=Davenport>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Pontius Proculus Pontianus c. 219-222<ref name=Davenport/>
- Flavius Aelianus c. 228
- Iasdius Domitianus between 222 and 235<ref>Template:CIL</ref>
- Flavius Marcianus between 230 and 235
- Lucius Ulpius Marcellus c.262-c.264<ref>Template:CIL</ref>
See also
References
Sources
External links
Template:Roman provinces AD 117 Template:Roman Governors Template:Authority control
- Pages with broken file links
- Pannonia Inferior
- Illyricum (Roman province)
- Serbia in the Roman era
- History of Syrmia
- Ancient history of Vojvodina
- Croatia in the Roman era
- Historical geography of Croatia
- Hungary in the Roman era
- Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Roman era
- States and territories established in the 100s
- Provinces of Pannonia
- 100s establishments in the Roman Empire
- 290s disestablishments in the Roman Empire
- 100s establishments
- 3rd-century disestablishments