Peter Brötzmann

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Peter Brötzmann (6 March 1941 – 22 June 2023) was a German jazz saxophonist and clarinetist regarded as a central and pioneering figure in European free jazz.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Throughout his career, he released over fifty albums as a bandleader. Amongst his many collaborators were key figures in free jazz, including Derek Bailey, Anthony Braxton and Cecil Taylor, as well as experimental musicians such as Keiji Haino and Charles Hayward. His 1968 Machine Gun became "one of the landmark albums of 20th-century free jazz".<ref name=":0"/>

Biography

Life

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Brötzmann in 1979

Brötzmann was born in Remscheid on 6 March 1941.<ref name="LarkinJazz">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="NPR-Obit">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He studied painting in Wuppertal and was involved with the Fluxus movement<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but grew dissatisfied with art galleries and exhibitions. He experienced his first jazz concert when he saw American jazz musician Sidney Bechet while still in school at Wuppertal, and it made a lasting impression.<ref name="exclaimmag">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was also inspired by Miles Davis and John Coltrane.<ref name=":0"/>

Brötzmann had not abandoned his art training, designing most of his album covers. He taught himself to play clarinet and saxophone,<ref name=":0"/> and is also known for playing the tárogató.<ref name="LarkinJazz"/> Among his first musical partnerships was with double bassist Peter Kowald. For Adolphe Sax, Brötzmann's first recording, was released in 1967 and featured Kowald and drummer Sven-Åke Johansson.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="LarkinJazz"/> In 1968, Machine Gun, an octet recording, was released.<ref name="LarkinJazz"/> The album was self-produced under his BRO record label imprint and sold at concerts, and later marketed by FMP. In 2007, Atavistic reissued Machine Gun.<ref name="exclaimmag" /> "Machine Gun" was a nickname Don Cherry gave him "to describe his violent style".<ref name=":0"/>

Brötzmann died on 22 June 2023, at the age of 82, at home in Wuppertal, Germany.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Sandner">Template:Cite news</ref>

Career

The album Nipples was recorded in 1969 with many of the Machine Gun musicians, including drummer Han Bennink, pianist Fred Van Hove, tenor saxophonist Evan Parker, and British guitarist Derek Bailey. The second set of takes from these sessions, called More Nipples, is more raucous. Fuck de Boere (dedicated to Johnny Dyani) is a live album of free sessions from these early years, containing two long improvisations, a 1968 recording of "Machine Gun" live (earlier than the studio version) and a longer jam from 1970. Brötzmann was a member of Bennink's Instant Composers Pool, a collective of musicians who released their own records and that grew into a 10-piece orchestra.<ref name="ICP History">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The logistics of touring with the ICP tentet or his octet resulted in Brötzmann reducing the group to a trio with Han Bennink and Fred Van Hove. Bennink was a partner in Schwarzwaldfahrt, an album of duets recorded outside in the Black Forest in 1977, with Bennink drumming on trees and other objects in the woods.<ref name=":0"/>

In 1981, Brötzmann made a radio broadcast with Frank Wright and Willem Breuker (saxophones), Toshinori Kondo (trumpet), Hannes Bauer and Alan Tomlinson (trombones), Alexander von Schlippenbach (piano), Louis Moholo (drums), and Harry Miller (bass). This was released as the album Alarm.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the 1980s, Brötzmann's music was influenced by heavy metal and noise rock. He was a member of Last Exit and recorded music with the band's bass guitarist and producer Bill Laswell.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="LarkinJazz"/>

File:Peter Brötzmann on tenor saxophone.jpg
Brötzmann on tenor saxophone, Minnesota Sur Seine, 2006
File:Peter-Brotzmann 14Dec2008 Lviv.jpg
Brötzmann at the Sonore concert, Lviv, December 2008
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Brötzmann in 2011
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Brötzman in Aarhus 2015

Brötzmann released over fifty albums as a bandleader and appeared on dozens more.<ref name=":0" /> His "Die Like a Dog Quartet" (with Toshinori Kondo, William Parker, and drummer Hamid Drake) was loosely inspired by saxophonist Albert Ayler, a prime influence on Brötzmann's music. Beginning in 1997, he toured and recorded regularly with the Peter Brötzmann Chicago Tentet (initially an octet), which he disbanded after an ensemble performance in November 2012 in Strasbourg, France.<ref name=":0" />

Brötzmann also recorded or performed with Cecil Taylor, Keiji Haino, Willem van Manen, Mats Gustafsson, Ken Vandermark, Conny Bauer, Joe McPhee, Paal Nilssen-Love, with Oxbow,<ref>https://www.freejazzblog.org: Peter Brötzmann & Oxbow at Moers Festival 2018</ref> and with Caspar Brötzmann, his son.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Recordings

Recordings with Brötzmann as leader include:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

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  • No Nothing (FMP, 1991)
  • The Marz Combo Live in Wuppertal (FMP, 1993)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Ein Halber Hund Kann Nicht Pinkeln (FMP, 1977)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Die Like a Dog Quartet

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  • Aoyama Crows (FMP, 2002)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • The Complete FMP Recordings (Jazzwerkstatt, 2007) compilation<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Close Up (FMP, 2011)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Hamid Drake

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With Mahmoud Guinia and Hamid Drake

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With Moukhtar Gania and Hamid Drake

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With Milford Graves and William Parker

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With Keiji Haino

  • Evolving Blush or Driving Original Sin (PSF, 1996)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Fred Lonberg-Holm

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With Last Exit

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With Harry Miller

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With Oxbow

  • An Eternal Reminder Of Not Today – Live at Moers (Trost Records, 2022)

With William Parker

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With Steve Swell and Paal Nilssen-Love

  • Krakow Nights (Not Two, 2015)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Live in Copenhagen (Not Two, 2016)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Live in Tel Aviv (Not Two, 2017)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Fred Van Hove

  • Balls (FMP, 1970)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • The End (FMP, 1971)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Elements (FMP, 1971)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Sakari Luoma and Nikolai Yudanov

  • Fryed Fruit (Red Toucan Records 2001)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Wild Man's Band

  • Three Rocks and a Pine (Ninth World Music, 1999)
  • The Darkest River (Ninth World Music, 2001)

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As sideman

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  • Invisible Touch (Cadence, 1999)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Sharp Knives Cut Deeper (Splasc(H), 2003)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Soria Moria (FMR, 2003)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Live at the Empty Bottle (Circulasione Totale, 2019)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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With Globe Unity Orchestra<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Globe Unity 73: Live in Wuppertal (FMP, 1973)
  • Pearls (FMP, 1977)
  • Jahrmarkt/Local Fair (Po Torch, 1977)
  • Improvisations (Japo, 1978)
  • Hamburg '74 (FMP, 1979)
  • For Example: Workshop Freie Musik 1969–1978 (FMP, 1979)
  • Globe Unity 67 & 70 (Atavistic, 2001)
  • Globe Unity 2002 (Intakt, 2003)
  • Baden-Baden '75 (FMP, 2011)
  • FMP: Im Rückblick / In Retrospect (FMP, 2011)
  • ...Und Jetzt Die Sportschau (Trost, 2013)

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With others

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  • Ginger Baker, Live in Munich Germany 1987 (Voiceprint, 2010)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Laboratorio Musicale Suono plus Peter Brötzmann, deComposition (Setola di Maiale, 2016)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Joe McPhee, Guts (Okka Disk, 2006)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Cecil Taylor, Olu Iwa (Soul Note, 1994)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Films

Two documentaries of Brötzmann's music were produced to honour Brötzmann's 70th birthday in 2011:<ref name="All About Jazz">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Rage!<ref name="Marmande">Template:Cite news</ref> (also Soldier of the Road),<ref name="All About Jazz" /> film by Bernard Josse in collaboration with Gérard Rouy (2011)<ref name="jazzinstitut">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Brötzmann, Filmproduktion Siegersbusch, documentary film by René Jeuckens, Thomas Mau and Grischa Windus (DVD, 2011). The film received awards<ref name="siegersbusch">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Awards

Brötzmann received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2011 Vision Festival in New York City.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The same year, he was bestowed the German Jazz Award for his life's achievements.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2021, Brötzmann and Nils Petter Molvær were awarded the European Film Awards for their music for the history drama Große Freiheit. In 2022 he received the Preis der deutschen Schallplattenkritik, described by the jury as a personality "going on an individual path, change listening and set new standards in avantgarde jazz" ("die ihren individuellen Weg ging, Hörgewohnheiten veränderte und Maßstäbe setzte im Avantgarde-Jazz").<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Books

References

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