Phetchaburi province

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Phetchaburi (Template:Langx, Template:IPA) or Phet Buri (Template:IPA) is one of the western or central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.<ref name=TAT>Template:Cite web</ref> Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Ratchaburi, Samut Songkhram, and Prachuap Khiri Khan. In the west it borders the Tanintharyi Division of Myanmar. Phetchaburi is home to Kaeng Krachan National Park.<ref name=DNP>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

Phetchaburi is at the north end of the Malay Peninsula, with the Gulf of Thailand to the east and the Tanaosi mountain range forming the boundary to Myanmar. Except for these border mountains most of the province is a flat plain. With an area of Template:Convert Kaeng Krachan National Park is Thailand's largest national park, covering nearly half of the province, along with five other national parks, make up region 3 (Phetchaburi branch).<ref name="AREA NP">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Rp It protects mostly rain forests in the mountains along the boundary to Myanmar, but also the Kaeng Krachan Reservoir is part of the park. The total forest area is Template:Convert or 57.7% of provincial area.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The only significant river of the province is the Phetchaburi River.

History

File:พระนครคีรี (เขาวัง) จ.เพชรบุรี.jpg
Phra Nakhon Khiri Historical Park (Khao Wang)

Originally, Phetchaburi was known as "Pipeli" (พลิพลี), or "Pribpri" (พริบพรี) as it used to be one of the southern kingdoms in Thai history alike to Tambralinga. Its name was recorded in De la Louère's memo during the reign of King Narai in the middle of the Ayutthaya period.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Phetchaburi has been the location of multiple summer palaces commissioned by various kings. In 1860, King Rama IV built a palace near the city of Phetchaburi, commonly known as Khao Wang, but its official name is Phra Nakhon Khiri. Next to the palace the king built a tower for his astronomical observations. On the adjoining hill is the royal temple Wat Phra Kaeo.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1910, King Rama V, constructed Phra Ram Ratchaniwet, now also known as Ban Puen Palace, slightly further south of Khao Wang. This was completed in the reign of King Rama VI, who also constructed Mrigadayavan Palace in 1923. in Cha-am district.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the Khao Wang palace in the background. In front are rice fields bordered by two coconut palm trees, symbolizing the major crops in the province.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The provincial tree is Eugenia cumini.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Thai mahseer (Tor tambroides) is a provincial fish that is delicious and used to be found in the Phetchaburi River.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Environment

Phetchaburi's shoreline on the Inner Gulf of Thailand in the area of Pak Thale consists of salt pans, mudflats, mangroves, and sand spits. It has been termed, "...the premier bird watching site for shorebirds in Thailand,..." The 123-acre site provides sustenance for both passage and wintering species, as well as residents. The area hosts more than 7,000 waterbirds during the northern hemisphere winter. Economic development of the tidal flats, compounded by the impacts of climate change, threaten this ecosystem's future. Several regular visitors are under threat, including the critically endangered Spoon-billed sandpiper and Great knot, Nordmann's greenshank, and Far Eastern curlew.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Economy

Phetchaburi province is an important salt producer. In 2011, 9,880 rai worked by 137 families were devoted to salt production in Phetchaburi.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The province is known for its palm sugar (Template:Langx; Template:Rtgs). It has more sugar palm trees than any other province. Producing sugar is a specialty of Ban Lat District in particular.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It is a key ingredient in many traditional Thai desserts, such as Khanom mo kaeng, which has earned Phetchaburi the nickname "city of desserts".<ref name=des>Template:Cite web</ref>

Tourism plays a significant role in the economy of Phetchaburi province. The province, however, has dropped from the fourth to the sixth most popular destination in Thailand due to coastal erosion, much of it in Cha-am District, caused by rising sea levels leading to "deteriorating scenery".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

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Administrative divisions

File:Districts Phetchaburi.svg
Province with districts

Provincial government

The province is divided into eight districts (amphoe), which are further divided into 93 subdistricts (tambons) and 681 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Phetchaburi
  2. Khao Yoi
  3. Nong Ya Plong
  4. Cha-am
  1. Tha Yang
  2. Ban Lat
  3. Ban Laem
  4. Kaeng Krachan

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> one Phetchaburi Provincial Administration Organisation (Template:Lang) and 15 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Phetchaburi and Cha-am have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 13 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 69 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations – SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

Human achievement index 2022

Health Education Employment Income
File:Health icon Thai.png File:Round Landmark School Icon - Transparent.svg File:Employment icon.png File:Numismatics and Notaphily icon.png
14 13 13 22
Housing Family Transport Participation
File:586-house-with-garden.svg
File:Parents, enfants, famille.png
 File:Groundtransport inv.svg File:Icon Sociopolítica y relaciones internacionales (wikiproyect, es.wp).png
43 59 27 33
Province Phetchaburi, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6733 is "high", occupies place 4 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.<ref name="HAI 2565" />

Rank Classification
  1 – 13 "high"
14 – 29 "somewhat high"
30 – 45 "average"
46 – 61 "somewhat low"
62 – 77 "low"

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Transportation

File:Phetchaburi Railway Station.JPG
Phetchaburi Railway Station

Phetchaburi's main station is Phetchaburi Railway Station, Template:Convert south of Hua Lamphong Railway Station. An excursion train Bangkok-Suan Son Pradiphat service only on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays, stop at this station including Cha-am Railway Station.

Health

Phetchaburi's main hospital is Phrachomklao Hospital, operated by the Ministry of Public Health.

Art

Phetchaburi has a long history, which has given rise to its distinctive artistic style, now known as the "Phet School". Among its notable handicrafts is the intricate banana stalk carving, for which Phetchaburi is especially renowned. Traditionally, these carvings were used to decorate crematoriums during funerals. The region is also known for its Thai lacquerware and other traditional crafts.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Food

Notable dishes in Phetchaburi include:

  • Khanom mo kaeng: A Thai coconut and egg custard, considered the most prominent and renowned souvenir of the province.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=des/>
  • Khao chae: A traditional Thai dish that is increasingly rare in modern times but remains commonly found in Phetchaburi. Influenced by Mon cuisine, its name literally means "soaked rice".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=des/>
  • Kaeng lok: An authentic curry unique to Phetchaburi. It is a rare dish, little known even within the province, with only a few restaurants still preparing and selling it today. The name translates directly to "false curry", as it is made with curry paste that contains no chili, unlike other curries.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Kuay teaw mam daeng: Braised pork noodles served in a special sweet, red-colored broth.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nam phrik lam pan: A traditional Thai spicy chili sauce (nam phrik) incorporating lam pan, a species of mangrove fruit that gives it a distinctive flavor. It is considered a delicacy of Phetchaburi and was voted the "Lost Taste" of the province in 2024.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

References

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