Pierre Omidyar

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Pierre Morad Omidyar (born Parviz Morad Omidyar, June 21, 1967) is a French-born Iranian-American billionaire. A technology entrepreneur, software engineer, and philanthropist,Template:R he is the founder of eBay, where he served as chairman from 1998 to 2015.<ref>Template:Harvnb</ref><ref name="usembassy">Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar is the grandson of the Imperial Iranian Army General Mahmud Mir-Djalali, who was instrumental in the 1921 rise of the Pahlavi Dynasty and the building out of Iran's Mechanized Artillery Forces and Defense Industries.Template:Sfn Template:As of, Forbes ranked Omidyar as the 245th-richest person in the world with an estimated net worth of $8.7 billion.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Omidyar and his wife Pamela founded Omidyar Network in 2004, becoming a long-term Democratic Party donor.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since 2010, he has been involved in online journalism as the head of investigative reporting and public affairs news service Honolulu Civil Beat.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2013, he announced that he would create and finance First Look Media, a journalism venture to include Glenn Greenwald, Laura Poitras, and Jeremy Scahill.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="backing">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Early life and education

Parviz Morad Omidyar was born on June 21, 1967, in Paris, the son of Iranian parents who had immigrated to France for higher education. He was named Parviz.<ref>Template:Harvnb</ref> His mother, Elahé Mir-Djalali Omidyar, who earned her doctorate in linguistics at the Sorbonne, is an academic. She is the daughter of General Mahmud Mir-Djalali, a former Vice Chairman of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Imperial Iran, and widely regarded as the "Father" of Iran's Military Industries and Tank Forces. He was pivotal in the establishment of Base J, Saltanatabad Arms Factory and the Parchin Chemical and Explosives Factory. Through his connections with the French Government and General Template:Interlanguage link, General Mir-Djalali ensured admission to the Sorbonne for Elahe, where she became a follower of Ali Shariati, Ayatollah Taleghani, and Jalal Al-e Ahmad.Template:Sfn<ref name="Viegas 2006 16">Template:Harvnb</ref> His father, Cyrus Omidyar (born Template:Circa), completed medical education and training in France and is a surgeon.

The family immigrated to the United States when Omidyar was a child; his father worked as a urologist at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He now practices in Aliso Viejo, California.<ref name="Viegas 2006 16" />

Omidyar attended Punahou School in Honolulu for two years. He now serves on the school's board of trustees.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His interest in computers began while he was a ninth-grade student at The Potomac School in McLean, Virginia. He graduated in 1984 from St. Andrew's Episcopal School, Potomac, Maryland, then entered Tufts University where he majored in computer science and graduated in 1988.

Career

Shortly after studying at Tufts, Omidyar started working for Claris, an Apple Computer subsidiary. He worked with the team that upgraded MacDraw to MacDraw II.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1991, he co-founded Ink Development, a pen-based computing startup that later was rebranded as an e-commerce company and renamed eShop Inc.Template:SfnTemplate:Page needed

Microsoft acquired eShop on June 11, 1996, for less than $50 million, and Omidyar earned $1 million from the deal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>Template:SfnTemplate:Page needed

Founding eBay

Omidyar with Richard Branson

In 1995, at 28, Omidyar began to write the original computer code for an online venue to enable the listing of a direct person-to-person auction for collectible items. He created a simple prototype on his web page. On Labor Day, Monday, September 4, 1995, he launched an online service called Auction Web, which would eventually be developed as the auction site eBay.<ref name="academy">Template:Cite web</ref>

The service was originally one of several items on Omidyar's website eBay.com. His website also had a section devoted to the Ebola virus, among other topics.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The first item sold on the eBay site was a broken laser pointer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar was astonished that anyone would pay for a broken device, but the buyer assured him that he was deliberately collecting broken laser pointers. Similar surprises followed. The business exploded as correspondents began registering a wide variety of trade goods.

Omidyar incorporated the enterprise; his small fee on each sale financed the site's expansion. The revenue soon outstripped his salary at General Magic and nine months later, Omidyar decided to dedicate his full attention to his new enterprise.

By 1996, when Omidyar signed a licensing deal to offer airline tickets online, the site had hosted 250,000 auctions. In the first month of 1997, it hosted two million. By the middle of that year, eBay hosted nearly 800,000 auctions daily.<ref name="academy" />

In 1997, Omidyar changed the company's name from AuctionWeb to eBay and began advertising the service aggressively. The name "eBay" was his second choice. His first choice was registered to a Canadian mining company, Echo Bay Mines. He originally wanted Echo Bay, the name of a recreational area near Lake Mead, Nevada, because it "sounded cool". When he learned that echobay.com was taken, he dropped the "cho", and ebay.com was born.Template:Sfn The frequently repeated story that eBay was founded to help Omidyar's fiancée trade Pez candy dispensers was fabricated by a public relations manager in 1997 to interest the media. This was revealed in Adam Cohen's 2002 book The Perfect Store,Template:Sfn and confirmed by eBay.

Later years

Jeffrey Skoll joined the company in 1996. In March 1998, Meg Whitman was elected president and CEO. She ran the company until January 2008, when she announced her retirement. In September 1998, eBay launched a successful public offering, making both Omidyar and Skoll billionaires.

In 2002, eBay bought PayPal, an online payment company. Later, in 2015, they spun PayPal off.<ref name="About eBay 2015">Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar still owns 6% of its worth.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref>

Template:As of, Omidyar's 178 million eBay shares were worth around $4.45 billion.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar is an investor in Montage Resort and Spa in Laguna Beach, California.

Omidyar is also a member of the Berggruen Institute's 21st Century Council.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2020, Omidyar stepped down from the board of eBay as part of a broader overhaul of the company. He has, however, stayed active in the company, retaining the title of director emeritus.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

News media businesses

In 2010, Omidyar launched an online investigative reporting news service, Honolulu Civil Beat, covering civic affairs in Hawaii. The site was named Best News Website in Hawaii for 2010, 2011, and 2012.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On September 4, 2013, Honolulu Civil Beat started a partnership with HuffPost, launching HuffPost Hawaii.

In 2013, prompted by the Edward Snowden leaks,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar announced the creation of the journalism venture First Look Media, which on February 10, 2014, launched The Intercept, drawing from journalists such as Glenn Greenwald, Laura Poitras, Jeremy Scahill, Dan Froomkin, John Temple, and Jay Rosen.<ref name=backing/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Film production

Omidyar has been part of the executive producer team for the following films.

Omidyar Group and Omidyar Network

Omidyar Group

Omidyar Group represents a diverse array of companies, organizations, and initiatives associated with Pierre Omidyar and his wife Pam and their philanthropic and business endeavors.

Omidyar Network

Template:Main Omidyar Network is a philanthropic investment firm dedicated to harnessing the power of markets to create opportunities for people to improve their lives.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was established in 2004 by Omidyar and his wife, Pam.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The organization invests in and helps scale innovative organizations to catalyze economic, social, and political change. Omidyar Network has committed more than $992 million to for-profit companies and nonprofit organizations that foster economic advancement and encourage individual participation across multiple investment areas, including Property Rights, Governance & Citizen Engagement, Education, Financial Inclusion and Consumer & Internet Mobile.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2010, he and his wife established, along with Richard Branson and the Nduna Foundation (founded by Amy Robbins), and Enterprise Zimbabwe.<ref>"Branson Charity Focuses Aid Effort on Zimbabwe" Template:Webarchive. STEPHANIE STROM. The New York Times, September 20, 2010.</ref>

Luminate Group

Established in 2018 to provide an information platform whose declared mission is to ensure that everyone, even the least able, has the information to influence the decisions that affect their lives and the power to assert their rights.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Its vice-president Felipe Estefan, is associated with Omidyar Network's Governance & Citizen Engagement initiative and was formerly a CNN journalist and an Open Government Strategist at the World Bank.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Personal life

Omidyar with his wife Pamela

Omidyar and his wife Pamela own properties in Seven Hills, Henderson, Nevada Template:Coord,<ref>Template:Cite news KML</ref> and Honolulu, Hawaii.<ref name="Forbes profile">Template:Cite web</ref> According to Forbes, his net worth was US$13.1 billion as of January 2019.<ref name=":0" /> He is a major donor to Democratic Party candidates and organizations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Omidyar is a follower of the Dalai Lama.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2010, he joined Bill Gates and Warren Buffett as a signatory of The Giving Pledge, and has declared his intention to give away most of his wealth during his lifetime.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2019, he donated approximately $500 million to charitable causes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Antitrust activism and criticism of big tech

Template:Expand section He has bankrolled groups like the anti-monopoly think tank Open Markets Institute and the digital rights group Public Knowledge Project, in the fight against the big tech companies, which he criticizes as overly powerful and destructive to democracy.<ref name="PoliticoOct21">Template:Cite news</ref> His advocacy and philanthropic investment firm the Omidyar Network, distributed widely read papers laying out the antitrust cases against Facebook and Google.<ref name="PoliticoOct21" /> In February 2021, his network hosted a series on whistleblowing, and is now providing financial support to Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen. Omidyar has given funding to the Center for Humane Technology, whose head of public affairs is Haugen's top PR representative in the US.<ref name="PoliticoOct21" />

Awards and honors

See also

Citations

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General sources

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Further reading

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