Portsmouth Spartans

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox Pre-modern NFL team The Portsmouth Spartans were a professional American football team that played in Portsmouth, Ohio, from their founding in 1928 to their relocation to Detroit in 1934. Originally drawing players from defunct independent professional and semi-professional teams, they joined the fledgling National Football League (NFL) in 1930. Their home stadium was Universal Stadium, known today as Spartan Municipal Stadium.

The team was sold to a new ownership group in 1934 and relocated to Detroit, where they became the Detroit Lions — a team which remains part of the NFL today.

History

The Spartans' home field in 2008, now known as Spartan Municipal Stadium.

The Spartans formed in 1928 when the team began importing players from defunct independent professional and semi-professional teams.<ref name=Barnett>Template:Cite web</ref> The following year, Portsmouth residents agreed to fund the construction of a football stadium that was comparable to those in neighboring communities along the Ohio River.<ref name="stadium">Template:Cite web</ref> That approval prompted the National Football League to grant the city a franchise on July 12, 1930.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Spartans played their first NFL game at Universal Stadium on September 14.<ref name=Barnett/><ref name="stadium"/> With fewer than 43,000 residents in 1930, Portsmouth became the NFL's second smallest city, ahead of only Green Bay, which had a population of under 38,000.<ref name=Barnett/> During the team's first year in the league, the Spartans compiled a record of 5–6–3, tying for seventh place in the eleven-team league in 1930.<ref name=Barnett/>

At the end of the 1931 season, the Green Bay Packers refused to play the Spartans in a game that had been tentatively scheduled since before the season had started. The Packers had the best record in the league at 12–2, but had not played the Spartans, who had the second-best record at 11–3. The president of the Packers at the time, Lee Joannes, said there was "no logical reason" to play the Spartans. This led to a new regime for scheduling the entire NFL season of games in advance, by a three-person committee designated by the NFL itself. Ratification by three-fourths of all NFL teams was required before a season would be played. It was the end of ad hoc scheduling by teams and eventually led to NFL teams only playing other NFL teams.<ref name="SH">Template:Cite web</ref>

An early highlight of the 1932 season was the "iron man" game against the Green Bay Packers. In that game, Spartans coach Potsy Clark refused to make even a single substitution against the defending NFL champion Packers. Portsmouth won 19–0 and used only 11 players all game.<ref name=Barnett/><ref name="SH"/><ref name="pshshist">Template:Cite web</ref> At the end of the season, the Spartans were tied for first place in the league with the Chicago Bears.<ref name=Barnett/><ref name="cnngreene">Template:Cite web</ref> That prompted what in retrospect became known as the first NFL playoff game. Blizzard conditions in Chicago meant the game was moved from Wrigley Field's outdoor field to the indoor field at Chicago Stadium, which allowed for only an 80-yard field. The Bears won the game 9–0, with a touchdown pass from Bronko Nagurski to Red Grange being the key play.<ref name=Barnett/><ref name="cnngreene"/> The resulting interest led to the establishment of the Eastern and Western Divisions and a regular championship game beginning in 1933.<ref name=Barnett/><ref name="pshshist"/>

During their final three years in Portsmouth, the Spartans posted a record of 23–9–4, a .718 winning percentage that was surpassed only by the Bears.<ref>Joe F. Carr, Official Guide of the National Football League, 1935. New York: American Sports Publishing, 1935; p. 19.</ref> Despite their success on the gridiron, the Spartans were fighting to survive off the field. The team was in so much debt that the players received shares in the team in lieu of their salaries.<ref name=Barnett/>

In 1934, a group led by George A. Richards, the owner of Detroit radio station WJR, was announced as having bought the Spartans and moved them to Detroit for the 1934 season.<ref name=Barnett/> Richards renamed the team the Detroit Lions. He not only wanted to offer a nod to the Detroit Tigers, but also wanted to signal his goal of building a team that would be the "king of the NFL."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

List of seasons

One-Game Playoff Berth

Season	Team's season	League	Conference	Division	Regular season				Postseason results	Awards
					Finish	Wins	Losses	Ties
colspan="11" style="Template:NFLPrimaryStyle;" align="center"|Portsmouth Spartans
1928	1928	Independent	–	–	–	9	2	3	The Spartans did not compete in a professional league until 1930.
1929	1929	Independent	–	–	–	12	1	2
Template:Nfly	1930	NFL	–	–	T-7th	5	6	3	The NFL did not hold playoff games until 1932.
Template:Nfly	1931	NFL	–	–	2nd	11	3	0
Template:Nfly	1932	NFL	–	–	3rd	6	2	4	Lost Playoff Game12 (Bears) (9–0)
Template:Nfly	1933	NFL	–	Western	2nd	6	5	0
Template:Nfly	Relocated to become the Detroit Lions
Totals						28	16	7	(1930–1933)

¹ The result of the 1932 NFL Playoff Game to determine the NFL champion between the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans counted in the standings.
² Prior to the 1972 season, ties did not count in the NFL standings. Therefore, the Bears (6–1–6) and the Spartans (6–1–4) were considered to be tied atop the standings ahead of the Packers (10–3–1).