Prospect Park South

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Prospect Park South is a small neighborhood in Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York City, located south of Prospect Park. It is included within the Prospect Park South Historic District, which was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1979<ref name=nycland>Template:Cite nycland</ref> and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.<ref name=nris/> The historic district is bounded by Church Avenue to the north, the BMT Brighton Line (Template:NYCS trains) of the New York City Subway to the east, Beverley Road to the south, and between Stratford Road and Coney Island Avenue to the west.<ref>New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission "Prospect Park South Historic District Map"</ref><ref name=nrhpdoc>Template:Cite report (Template:NationalArchivesNote)</ref>

Prospect Park South, along with other neighborhoods within Flatbush, is policed by the 70th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.<ref>70th Precinct, NYPD.</ref>

History

In 1899, developer Dean Alvord purchased about Template:Convert of farmland in order to create Prospect Park South, a community of substantial homes, a "rural park within the limitations of the conventional city block and city street."<ref name=nycland /> Alvord characterized the development as rus in urbe, the country in the city.<ref>Gunnison, pp.86-92</ref><ref name=aia /> The location was selected to take advantage of the train service on the Brooklyn and Brighton Beach Railroad of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT). The line, now known as the BMT Brighton Line, offered express and local train service that remains to this day. The trains emerged at Fulton Street as an elevated line and continued across the Brooklyn Bridge to Manhattan.<ref>Gunnison, pp.21-23</ref>

File:Prospect Park South gatepost jeh.JPG
Gatepost at Church Avenue & Buckingham Road. Gateposts such as this mark many of the entrances to streets in the historic district.

Once he had purchased the land, Alvord laid out all the necessary utilities and marked the entrance of most streets with brick piers with cast concrete plaques bearing the bas-relief inscription "PPS". He also hired John Aitkin, a Scottish landscape gardener, to supervise the plantings for the lawns and the Flatbush Malls, with meticulous attention given to details. Trees, for instance, were not planted only along the curb line, but also at the building line as well, to give the streets greater breadth of vision, to block out adjoining houses, and provide the illusion that each house was the only one on the block. Both Norway maples and Carolina poplars were used: the poplars for immediate shade, and the slower-growing maples for long-term shade. Alvord did all this before selling a single plot.<ref name=nycland /><ref name=aia />

Alvord also hired architect John J. Petit and a staff to design the houses in the development, although clients could also provide their own architect if they preferred to. Petit ended up designing many of the houses in the development, in a wide variety of styles, including Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival and Queen Anne.<ref name=nycland /><ref name=aia /> The houses in Prospect Park South were required to be substantial, freestanding homes exceeding Template:Convert and costing over US$5,000. Several other restrictions were also placed upon builders wishing to develop the lots.<ref>Garvin, Alexander. The American City: What Works, What Doesn't (McGraw-Hill Professional, 2002) pp. 308-310</ref>

Alvord wanted to create an environment that attracted the Protestant, wealthy elite while excluding the immigrant population moving into Brooklyn at the time. In his original prospectus, Alvord wrote:

In fixing upon a location for a home, it is pleasant to live where children, in going to and fro, are not subject to the annoyance of contact with the undesirable elements of society. The Flatbush Avenue trolley line penetrates no slum sections and is patronized almost exclusively by people of intelligence and good breeding.<ref name=desrep/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

While not the first attempt at suburban development in the area, Alvord's vision excited the interest of the wealthy of Brooklyn Heights and Manhattan residents. Ultimately, Alvord's restrictions not only created an exciting new design but a standard to become a blueprint for the modern suburb. Enthusiasm for his design in following years would see South Midwood, Fiske Terrace, Ditmas Park, the Beverley Squares, and many more developments spring up in the surrounding area to accommodate the demand, together forming what is now known as Victorian Flatbush.

In 1972, New York's Albanian community established a mosque at 1325 Albemarle Road.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Prospect Park South was designated as a historic district by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1979.<ref name=desrep/>

Notable residents

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Notable houses

The Alvord Mansion at 1522 Albemarle Road was built by Alvord for his family. Later, it was purchased by Israel Matz, founder of the Ex-lax Company. The Alvord Mansion burned down c.1955 under mysterious conditions after its sale by the Matz family to apartment developers fell through in the face of community opposition.

Among the other notable houses in the neighborhood are:

  • Herman Goetze House, 15 Stratford Road, 1905, Colonial Revival, George Hitchings<ref name=aia>Template:Cite aia5</ref><ref name=desrep>New York City Landmark Preservation Commission "Prospect Park South Historic District Designation Report" Template:Webarchive (February 8, 1979)</ref>
  • Herbert Krantz House, 183 Argyle Road, 1904, Tudor Revival, John J. Petit<ref name=nycland /><ref name=desrep />
  • George E. Gale House, 1305 Albemarle Road, 1905, Classical Revival, H. B. Moore<ref name=aia />
  • John S. Eakins House, 1306 Albemarle Road, 1905, Shingle style/Colonial Revival, John J. Petit<ref name=aia />
  • Col. Alexander S. Bacon House, 101 Rugby Road, Eclectic/Swiss chalet, 1900, John E. Nitchie<ref name=nycland /><ref name=aia /><ref name=desrep />
  • Francis M Crafts House, 1423 Albemarle Road, 1899, Queen Anne, John J. Petit<ref name=aia />
  • J. C. Woodhull House, 1440 Albemarle Road, 1905, Queen Anne/Colonial Revival, Robert Bryson and Carroll Pratt<ref name=aia />
  • Henry P. Reade House, 1501 Albemarle Road, 1904, Queen Anne, John J. Petit<ref name=nycland /><ref name=desrep />
  • Maurice Minton House, 1510 Albemarle Road, 1900, Colonial Revival, John J. Petit<ref name=nycland /><ref name=aia />
  • Louis McDonald House, 1519 Albemarle Road, 1902, Prairie School/Neo-Jacobean, John J. Petit<ref name=aia />
  • Frank K. Schenck House, 219 Marlborough Road, 1900, John J. Petit<ref name=desrep /><ref>White, Norval and Willensky, Elliot. AIA Guide to New York City (3rd ed.), pp.698-700</ref>
  • Russell Benedict House, 104 Buckingham Road, 1902, Classical Revival, Carroll H. Pratt<ref name=aia />
  • William H. McEntee House, 115 Buckingham Road, 1900, Shingle style, John J. Petit<ref name=aia />
  • George U. Tompers House, 125 Buckingham Road, 1911, Colonial Revival, Brun & Hauser<ref name=aia />
  • Frederick S. Kolle House, 131 Buckingham Road, 1902–03, Japanese pagoda, Petit & Green<ref name=nycland /><ref name=aia />
  • William A. Norwood House, 143 Buckingham Road, 1906, Italian Villa, Walter S. Cassin<ref name=aia />
  • The Sovereign, 55 Parade Place, 1927, large residential complex across from the Brooklyn Parade Grounds<ref name=55parade>"55 Parade Place"</ref>

See also

References

Notes Template:Reflist

Bibliography

  • Gunnison, Herbert Foster "Flatbush To-day", S.N. 1908, held by Harvard Library

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