Ratlam
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Ratlam is a city in the northwestern part of the Malwa region in Madhya Pradesh state of India. The city of Ratlam lies Template:Convert above sea level. It is the administrative headquarters of Ratlam district, which was created in 1947 after the independence of India.<ref name="Information">Ratlam District Information, ratlam.nic.in. Retrieved 15 March 2012.</ref> It is located 294 kilometres west of the state capital Bhopal.
In 2024 Indian general election, Anita Nagar Singh Chouhan of Bharatiya Janata Party was elected as the Member of Parliament from Ratlam.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Ratlam railway division is one of the six railway divisions under Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. Whose headquarters is in Ratlam city. This is an important railway junction of the state.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
Ratlam State was founded in 1648 when Ratan Singh Rathore at the age of 23, armed with nothing but a dagger controlled a mad elephant that belonged to Shah Jahan.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The new town of Ratlam was founded in 1829 by Captain Borthwick.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The state was closely interlaced with the territories of the princely state of Sailana. In 1901, Ratlam State had a population of 83,773,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Geography
Ratlam is located at coordinates: Template:Coord (23.316667, 75.066667). The city has an area of Template:Cvt.<ref name="Ratlam City"/> It is very close to the borders of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Climate
Ratlam, like most of Madhya Pradesh, has tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw) bordering humid subtropical climate (Cwa) zone. Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Summers start in mid-March and can be extremely hot from April through June. Highs can reach Template:Convert, although the humidity is extremely low. The monsoon season starts in late June, with temperatures averaging around Template:Convert, with sustained, torrential rainfall and high humidity. The average rain fall is Template:Cvt. Winters start in mid-November and are dry, cool and sunny. Temperatures average about Template:Convert, but can fall close to freezing on some nights.<ref name="NOAA">Indore, India Weather (closest to Ratlam), weatherbase.com, 15 March 2012.</ref> Ratlam gets moderate rainfall of Template:Convert from July through September, due to the southwest monsoon.
Demographics
Template:See also Template:Bar box According to the 2011 Census, the city of Ratlam has a population of 264,914 of which 134,915 are male and 129,999 are female. The sex ratio is 964 females to 1000 males. Children between the 0 to 6 years of age constitute 29,763 individuals. The total number of literates in Ratlam was 204,101, which constituted 77.0% of the population with male literacy of 81.2% and female literacy of 72.8%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Ratlam was 86.8%, of which male literacy rate was 91.7% and female literacy rate was 81.8%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 27,124 and 12,567 respectively. The total number of households in Ratlam is 53133.<ref name="Census2011">Template:Cite web</ref> 28.17% Scheduled Tribe (Adivasi) of total population in Ratlam district. Adivasi group of Ratlam <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Railways
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Ratlam Junction is a major junction on Delhi-Mumbai and Ajmer-Khandwa Rail routes and rail division of Indian Railways on broad gauge lines on Western Railways Zone. Ratlam junction is Divisional headquarters of Western Railway Zone.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Ratlam is the first clean train station of Indian Railways network. Under this scheme, Indian Railways has introduced cleaning of coaches of a train en route while it halts at a particular station for 15 to 20 minutes. The entire train is cleaned with vacuum cleaners and toilets are washed with handheld portable HP cleaners.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Ratlam station is believed to be one of the busiest railway stations in India.<ref>Western Railway - Ratlam, indianrailways.gov. Retrieved 16 March 2012.</ref>
Ratlam Junction is referred to in the 2007 Hindi romantic comedy film Jab We Met.<ref>Jab We Met</ref>