Robert Barton

Template:Short description Template:Other people Template:Use Hiberno-English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox officeholder Robert Childers Barton (14 March 1881 – 10 August 1975)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> was an Anglo-Irish politician, Irish nationalist and farmer who participated in the negotiations leading up to the signature of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. His father was Charles William Barton and his mother was Agnes Alexandra Frances Childers. His wife was Rachel Warren of Boston, daughter of Fiske Warren. His double first cousin and close friend was Erskine Childers.<ref name=wicklow_archives>Template:Cite web</ref>

Early life

He was born in County Wicklow into a wealthy Irish Protestant land-owning family; namely of Glendalough House.<ref name=wicklow_archives/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Educated in England at Rugby and Oxford, he became an officer in the Royal Dublin Fusiliers on the outbreak of World War I.<ref name=dib>Template:Cite web</ref> He was stationed in Dublin during the 1916 Easter Rising and came into contact with many of its imprisoned leaders in the aftermath while on duty at Richmond Barracks.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He resigned his commission in protest at the heavy-handed British government suppression of the revolt. He then joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Family

Charles William Barton (father) was born on 13 July 1836. He married Agnes Alexandra Frances Childers, daughter of Rev. Canon Charles Childers, on 26 October 1876. He died on 3 October 1890, aged 54. Robert's two younger brothers, Erskine and Thomas, died in the British Army during World War I.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Politics

At the 1918 general election to the British House of Commons Barton was elected as the Sinn Féin member for Wicklow West.<ref name=oireachtas_db>Template:Cite web</ref> In common with all Sinn Féin members, he boycotted the Westminster parliament and sat instead in Dáil Éireann (the First Dáil). Arrested in February 1919 for sedition, he escaped from Mountjoy Prison on St. Patrick's Day (leaving a note to the governor explaining that, owing to the discomfort of his cell, the occupant felt compelled to leave, and requesting the governor to keep his luggage until he sent for it). He was appointed as Director of Agriculture in the Dáil Ministry in April 1919.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He was recaptured in January 1920 and sentenced to three years' imprisonment, but was released under the general amnesty of July 1921.

In May of that year, prior to his release, he was elected as a Sinn Féin member for Kildare–Wicklow in the 1921 Irish election to the House of Commons of Southern Ireland.<ref name=elecs_irl>Template:Cite web</ref> Once again all Sinn Féin members boycotted this parliament, sitting as the Second Dáil. In August 1921, he was appointed to cabinet as Secretary for Economic Affairs.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:The peacemakers- George Gavan Duffy, Erskine Childers, Robert Barton and Arthur Griffith in a group (28455606301).jpg

Barton together with other members of the negotiation team (including Childers and Griffith) in December 1921

Barton was one of the Irish plenipotentiaries to travel to London for the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His cousin was a secretary to the delegation. Barton reluctantly signed the Treaty on 6 December 1921, defending it "as the lesser of two outrages forced upon me and between which I had to choose".

Although he had signed the Treaty and voted for it in the Dáil, he stood for election in June 1922 for Anti-Treaty Sinn Féin, the only TD who had voted for the Treaty to do so, and won a seat in the Third Dáil. In common with other Anti-Treaty TDs, he did not take his seat. In October 1922 he was appointed Minister for Economic Affairs in de Valera's "Emergency Government", a shadow government in opposition to the Provisional Government and later to the Executive Council of the Irish Free State. Barton's memoir of this period was completed in 1954, and can be seen on the Bureau of Military History website. He was arrested and interned for most of the war at the Curragh Camp.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Barton was defeated at the 1923 general election,<ref name=elecs_irl/> and retired from politics in favour of the law. He practiced as a barrister, and later became a judge.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He was chairman of the Agricultural Credit Corporation from 1934 to 1954. Barton died at home in County Wicklow on 10 August 1975, at the age of 94, the last surviving signatory of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. Éamon de Valera died only nineteen days later, on 29 August 1975.

Interview

In 1969, RTÉ Television interviewed Barton, alongside Ernest Blythe and James Ryan, about the 1918 general election.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Glendalough House

Glendalough House, run by Barton for over 70 years until his death, is still considered one of Ireland's most notable properties,<ref name=wicklow_archives/><ref name=autogenerated1>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=autogenerated3>Template:Cite web</ref> alongside nearby Powerscourt Estate. The house was the center of numerous political meetings and gatherings from 1910 to 1922.<ref>Boyle, Andrew. "The Riddle of Erskine Childers" (Hutchinson) (1977) Template:ISBN. p.249</ref> It's also been featured as a location in many large Hollywood films including Excalibur,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Saving Private Ryan and Braveheart.<ref name=autogenerated3 /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Barton's grandfather Thomas Johnston Barton, who acquired Glendalough House in 1838, was a younger son of Hugh Barton, owner of the Langoa Barton and Léoville Barton vineyards in France and co-founder of the Bordeaux wine house of Barton & Guestier. The vineyards are now owned by Lilian Barton, a descendant of Hugh Barton’s eldest son, and she and her husband Michel Sartorius added Château Mauvesin Barton to these domaines in 2011.<ref>Sir Bernard Burke and A. C. Fox-Davies, A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Ireland, Harrison & Sons, London, 1912, pp. 31-32.[1]</ref><ref>“New Generation Leaders”, Wine Spectator, 31 March 2018.</ref>