Roth (district)
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Roth is a Landkreis (district) in Middle Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. It forms the south-eastern part of the administrative region of Middle Franconia and covers an area of about Template:Convert.<ref name="LR-Zahlen">Template:Cite web</ref> As of 31 December 2022 the district had 128,694 inhabitants.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/> Its administrative seat and largest town is Roth.
Roth district is bounded by (from the northeast and clockwise) the districts of Nürnberger Land, Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz and Eichstätt, the district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, the districts of Ansbach and Fürth, and the independent cities of Schwabach and Nuremberg.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/>
History
The area of the present district has been settled since prehistoric times. Archaeological finds indicate human activity from the Middle Stone Age through the Hallstatt and La Tène periods, with traces of Celtic and later Germanic settlement in the upland areas of the Franconian Jura and along the river valleys.<ref name="LR-Geschichte">Template:Cite web</ref> From about the 8th century the region was settled by Bavarians from the south-east, Franks from the north-west and, in the south-western part, by groups influenced by Alemannic traditions.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/>
During the Middle Ages the territory was divided among a number of secular and ecclesiastical lords. Important territorial powers included the prince-bishops of Eichstätt, the margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach and the counts and noble families based at Abenberg, Spalt, Greding, Hilpoltstein and other local centres.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/> The Free Imperial City of Nuremberg also held scattered possessions, particularly around Wendelstein.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/> As a result the area was characterised by a dense network of castles, small towns and rural lordships.
Following the end of the Holy Roman Empire and the reorganisation of the German territories in the early 19th century, the former principalities of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Eichstätt and Pfalz-Neuburg in this area passed to the Kingdom of Bavaria. The Bavarian administration created new judicial districts and, later, Bezirksämter centred on Schwabach, Roth, Hilpoltstein and Greding, which formed the basis for modern local government in the region.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/>
The present district of Roth was established as part of the Bavarian territorial reform that came into force on 1 July 1972. Under the Verordnung zur Neugliederung Bayerns in Landkreise und kreisfreie Städte, substantial parts of the former districts of Hilpoltstein and Schwabach were merged to form the new district of Roth with its seat in the town of Roth.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Geography
Roth district lies roughly in the geographical centre of Bavaria. It stretches from the Reichswald forest and the valley of the Rednitz river in the north to the uplands of the Franconian Jura in the south. Parts of the district belong to the holiday region of the Franconian Lake District, including areas around the artificial lakes Rothsee and Brombachsee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The largest natural watercourse is the Rednitz, which leaves the district to the north near Schwabach. The Main–Danube Canal runs for about Template:Convert through the eastern part of the district, forming part of the north–south European waterway network.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/> The landscape combines forested plateaus, agricultural land and lake shore areas used for recreation and tourism.
Demographics
According to the district administration, Roth had 128,694 inhabitants as of 31 December 2022.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/> This represented a moderate increase compared with the mid-2010s. The population is distributed across six towns and ten smaller municipalities, with the largest concentrations in the towns of Roth, Wendelstein, Hilpoltstein and the adjacent city of Schwabach.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/>
Economy and transport
The district economy is characterised by a mix of medium-sized industrial firms, service enterprises and agriculture. A comparatively high share of local businesses are organised as family-owned companies.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/>
Roth has a well-developed transport infrastructure. The district is crossed by sections of the federal motorways A 6, A 9 and A 73, and by several federal and state roads. In total there are about Template:Convert of roads within the district, including autobahns, federal highways, state roads, district roads and municipal roads.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/> Rail services link Roth with Nuremberg and Munich, including regional lines and the Nuremberg S-Bahn (line S2). The Main–Danube Canal provides an additional waterway connection for freight and leisure traffic.<ref name="LR-Zahlen"/>
Coat of arms
| Description | The coat of arms displays:
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The arms were granted in January 1975 and are also used on the district flag, which bears the colours red and yellow.<ref name="LR-Geschichte"/>
Towns and municipalities
Template:Imagemap Germany district RH
| Towns | Municipalities | |
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References
External links
Template:Germany districts bavaria Template:Cities and towns in Roth (district)