Salutatorian
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Salutatorian is an academic title given in Armenia, the Philippines, Canada, Afghanistan and the United States to the second-highest-ranked graduate of the entire graduating class of a specific discipline. Only the valedictorian is ranked higher. This honor is traditionally based on grade point average (GPA) and number of credits taken, but consideration may also be given to other factors such as co-curricular and extracurricular activities. The title comes from the salutatorian's traditional role as the first speaker at a graduation ceremony, delivering the salutation (where the valedictorian, on the other hand, speaks last, delivering the valediction). In a high school setting, a salutatorian may also be asked to speak about the current graduating class or to deliver an invocation or benediction. In some instances, the salutatorian may even deliver an introduction for the valedictorian. The general themes of a salutation and valediction are usually of growth, outlook towards the future, and thankfulness.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
College
Latin salutatorian
At Harvard University<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> and Princeton University,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a Latin orator, often a classics major, is chosen for his or her ability to write and deliver a speech to the audience in that language. At Princeton, this speaker is known as the "Latin salutatorian". At Harvard the Latin oration is called the "Latin Salutatory" and is the first of three student orations, and fulfills the traditional function of salutation.<ref name=":0" /> These traditions date from the earliest years of the universities, when all graduates were expected to have attained proficiency in Latin<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Greek.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable Latin salutatorians at Harvard include T. S. Eliot in 1909 and Erich Segal in 1958.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Notable salutatorians
- James Garfield, the 20th President of the United States (Williams College, Massachusetts, 1856)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Walter O'Malley, owner of the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers from 1950 to 1979 (University of Pennsylvania, 1926)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Aravind Adiga, author, winner of the 2008 Man Booker Prize (Columbia College, Columbia University, 1997)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable high school salutatorians
- Bettie Page, pin-up model and Playboy Playmate (Hume-Fogg High School, Tennessee, 1940)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Evan Mecham, former Governor of Arizona (Altamont High School, Utah, 1942)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Jesse L. Brown, first African American officer to be killed in the Korean War (Eureka High School, Mississippi, 1944)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Georgie Anne Geyer, journalist and foreign affairs columnist (Calumet High School, Illinois, 1952)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Connie Francis, singer (Belleville High School, New Jersey, 1955)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Robin Roberts, newscaster (Pass Christian High School, Mississippi, 1979)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Michelle Obama, former First Lady of the United States (Whitney Young High School, Illinois, 1981)<ref name="auto">Template:Cite web</ref>
- John Legend, singer-songwriter (North High School, Ohio)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Carrie Underwood, singer-songwriter (Checotah High School, Oklahoma, 2001)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Richard Sherman, NFL player for the Seattle Seahawks (Dominguez High School, Compton, California, 2006)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Norris Cole, basketball player (Dunbar High School, Ohio, 2007)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Otto Warmbier (Wyoming High School, Wyoming, Ohio, 2013)<ref>Template:Cite web "There, in Wyoming, Ohio, Otto Warmbier was a standout soccer player and a 2013 salutatorian at Wyoming High School, his alma mater."</ref>
See also
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- Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown
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