San Simeon, California
Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox settlement San Simeon (Spanish: San Simeón, meaning "St. Simon") is an unincorporated community<ref name=gnis /> on the Pacific coast of San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. Its position along State Route 1 is about halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, each of those cities being roughly Template:Convert away. A key feature of the area is Hearst Castle, a hilltop mansion built for William Randolph Hearst in the early 20th century that is now a tourist attraction. The area is also home to a large northern elephant seal rookery, known as the Piedras Blancas rookery, located Template:Convert north of San Simeon on Highway 1.
History
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Humans first settled the local area at least 11,000 years ago. Prehistorically, the local area was inhabited by the Chumash people, including a large village south of San Simeon at Morro Creek.<ref>C. Michael Hogan (2008). "Morro Creek". The Megalithic Portal, ed. A. Burnham.</ref>
In 1542 the coastal exploration of Juan Cabrillo discovered the bay and named it the Bay of Sardines.<ref name="Where the Highway Ends">Template:Cite book</ref>
The first European land exploration of Alta California, the Spanish Portolà expedition, traveled northwest along the coast in September 1769. On September 11–12, the party passed the future location of San Simeon. At Ragged Point, which is about Template:Cvt past San Simeon, the party turned inland across the Santa Lucia Range.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
San Simeon was founded as an asistencia ("sub-mission") to Mission San Miguel Arcángel, founded in 1797, and located to the east across the Santa Lucia Range.<ref name="Ohles">Template:Cite book</ref> The Bay of San Simeon<ref name="Where the Highway Ends"/> is mentioned in the records of San Miguel Mission for 1830. San Simeon was named for Rancho San Simeon, although the town-site is actually north of that rancho, on the former Rancho Piedra Blanca, a Mexican land grant given in 1840 to José de Jesús Pico. In 1865, Pico sold part of the rancho to George Hearst, the father of William Randolph Hearst.
The first Europeans to settle in the immediate area near the bay of San Simeon were Portuguese shore whalers under the command of Captain Joseph Clark (born Machado) from the Cape Verde Islands, around 1864.<ref name="Pavlik">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1869, Captain Clark built a wharf near the point for his whaling station. A small community grew near the 1869 wharf, but the waves near the wharf were too high, and the wharf was abandoned. In 1878, Hearst built a new wharf, and the small community moved near the new wharf. A general store (later Sebastian's Store) was built near the Clark wharf, and then relocated near the 1878 wharf.<ref>History of Sebastian's Store</ref> Shore whaling continued on the point until the mid-1890s. It ceased for a short time, started up again in 1897, and continued until about 1908 when it ceased for good.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 1953, the Hearst Corporation donated the William Randolph Hearst Memorial Beach, including the Hearst Pier, to San Luis Obispo County. It is currently part of Hearst San Simeon State Park.<ref>W.R. Hearst Memorial Beach at California State Parks</ref> The present-day San Simeon pier was built in 1957.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Geology
The name San Simeon also refers to some geologic structures of the area, particularly elements of the coastal Jurassic-age landforms and ophiolite rock formations.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the census-designated place covers an area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2), all of it land. The original townsite of San Simeon is at San Simeon Bay, and was the important 19th-century shipping point with the successive wharves that were built. San Simeon Acres, about 4 mi south of the original townsite at the mouth of Pico Creek, about halfway between old San Simeon and Cambria, was established in the 1950s. Most of the development at San Simeon Acres was in the 1960s to the 1980s. Many motels and cafes serve visitors to Hearst Castle, Big Sur and the beaches.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Climate
San Simeon and the Hearst Castle area has a mild warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) featuring warm, dry summers & cool, wet winters that is moderated by its relative proximity to the Pacific coastline. NOW Data has readings from the San Simeon weather station since December 1999.<ref name= NCDC> Template:Cite web</ref>
Demographics
San Simeon first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. census.<ref name=2010CensusCA/>
For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined San Simeon as a census-designated place (CDP). The 2020 United States census reported that San Simeon had a population of 445. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of San Simeon was 141 (31.7%) White, 1 (0.2%) African American, 10 (2.2%) Native American, 10 (2.2%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 213 (47.9%) from other races, and 70 (15.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 296 persons (66.5%).<ref name=DP1>Template:Cite web</ref>
The whole population lived in households. There were 187 households, out of which 50 (26.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 74 (39.6%) were married-couple households, 10 (5.3%) were cohabiting couple households, 46 (24.6%) had a female householder with no partner present, and 57 (30.5%) had a male householder with no partner present. 71 households (38.0%) were one person, and 41 (21.9%) were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.38.<ref name=DP1/> There were 108 families (57.8% of all households).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The age distribution was 106 people (23.8%) under the age of 18, 37 people (8.3%) aged 18 to 24, 87 people (19.6%) aged 25 to 44, 123 people (27.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 92 people (20.7%) who were 65Template:Nbspyears of age or older. The median age was 43.5Template:Nbspyears. For every 100 females, there were 102.3 males.<ref name=DP1/>
There were 292 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 187 (64.0%) were occupied. Of these, 79 (42.2%) were owner-occupied, and 108 (57.8%) were occupied by renters.<ref name=DP1/> Template:Clear
Infrastructure
The San Simeon Community Services District provides water and sewerage.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The wastewater treatment plant is operated by a private company under contract with the district.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The facility also processes sewage for Hearst Castle.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Education
It is in the Coast Unified School District.<ref name=SDCensusList2020>Template:Cite news - Text list</ref> It also includes surrounding rural areas.
References
External links
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- Chamber of Commerce
- History of San Simeon and the Hearst Family
- History of San Simeon and Sebastian store
- San Simeon pier on Photohound