Seine-Saint-Denis
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}}Template:Main other{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:ParameterCount|main|mapframe|image_map|image_map1|pushpin_map}} >2 |Template:Main other}} {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.
In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 39 communes.<ref name=pop2019>Populations légales 2019: 93 Seine-Saint-Denis, INSEE</ref> In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}; more common is {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.
Geography
The department is surrounded by the departments of Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Paris, Val-d'Oise, and Seine-et-Marne. It is thus one of only five French departments surrounded entirely by other departments of the same region.
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} is located to the northeast of Paris. It has a surface area of only 236 km2 (91 sq mi), making it one of the smallest departments in France. Seine-Saint-Denis and two other small departments, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, form a ring around Paris, known as the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} ("little crown"). Since 1 January 2016, together with Paris, they have formed the area of Greater Paris (Grand Paris).
Principal towns
The most populous commune is Saint-Denis; the prefecture Bobigny is the eleventh-most populous. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 70,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2019/>
| Commune | Population (2019) |
|---|---|
| Saint-Denis | 112,852 |
| Montreuil | 111,240 |
| Aubervilliers | 88,948 |
| Aulnay-sous-Bois | 86,969 |
| Drancy | 72,376 |
Administration
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} is made up of three departmental {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and 40 communes:
History
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} was created in January 1968, through the implementation of a law passed in July 1964. It was formed from the part of the (hitherto larger) Seine department to the north and north-east of the Paris ring road (and the line of the old city walls), together with a small slice taken from {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} has a history as a left-wing stronghold, belonging to the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (red belt) of Paris. The French Communist Party has maintained a continued strong presence in the department, and still controls the city councils in cities such as {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. Until 2008, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} were the only departments where the Communist Party had a majority in the general councils but the 2008 cantonal elections saw the socialists become the strongest group at the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} general council (while the Communist Party gained a majority in {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and lost it in 2015).
A commune of {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, was the scene of the death of two youths which sparked the nationwide riots of autumn 2005. In October and November, 9,000 cars were burned and 3,000 rioters were arrested.
In 2017, the area was the location of 18% of all drug offences in metropolitan France.<ref name=":0" /> In 2018, the department had the highest crime rate in metropolitan France.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> When two suspects (known criminals from the department) were arrested in the 2025 Louvre robbery it was noted by The Guardian to have the highest poverty and crime rate in mainland France.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Demographics
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} is the French department with the highest proportion of immigrants: 21.7% at the 1999 census (see table below). An immigrant according to INSEE is anyone born non-French within or outside France and as such, this figure does not include people born French but with a migrant background or from overseas France. The ratio of ethnic minorities is difficult to estimate accurately as French law prohibits the collection of ethnic data for census taking purposes.
In 2018, the poverty rate was twice the national average at 28%, the unemployment rate was 3% above the national average, at 12.7%. In 2018, it was estimated that 8–20% of the population in the department were illegal immigrants.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Population development since 1881:Template:Historical populations
Education
An education study confirmed falling levels of literacy in the area, where the percentage of pupils who had 25 errors or more increased from 5.4% in 1987 to 19.8% in 2015.<ref name=":0" />
Place of birth of residents
Politics
The president of the Departmental Council is Stéphane Troussel, first elected in 2012.
Presidential elections 2nd round
| Election | Winning Candidate | Party | % | 2nd Place Candidate | Party | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2022<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 73.72 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 26.28 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2017<ref name="auto">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 78.82 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 21.18 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2012 | François Hollande | PS | 65.32 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 34.68 | |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2007 | Ségolène Royal | PS | 56.54 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 43.46 | |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2002<ref name="auto"/> | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 82.56 | Jean-Marie Le Pen | FN | 17.44 | |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 1995<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Lionel Jospin | PS | 51.84 | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 48.16 |
Current National Assembly Representatives
Tourism
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References
Further reading
- Template:Cite news
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External links
- Seine-Saint-Denis Departmental Council Template:In lang
- Prefecture website Template:In lang
- Seine-Saint-Denis Tourist Board
{{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Seine-Saint-Denis communes Template:Olympic venues swimming Template:Olympic venues diving Template:Olympic venues synchronized swimming Template:2024 Summer Olympic Venues Template:Authority control