Shōhei

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Template:Nihongo was a Japanese era (年號, nengō, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōkoku and before Kentoku. This period spanned the years from December 1346 to July 1370.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Nengō" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 880; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Template:Webarchive.</ref> The Southern Court emperors in Yoshino were Template:Nihongo and Template:Nihongo. The emperors in Kyoto were Template:Nihongo, Template:Nihongo and Template:Nihongo in the north.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 310-327.</ref>

Nanboku-chō overview

File:Nanbokucho-capitals.svg
The Imperial seats during the Nanboku-chō period were in relatively close proximity, but geographically distinct. They were conventionally identified as: Template:Unordered list

During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose Template:Nihongo had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.<ref name="concise">Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology, p. 199 n57, citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan. pp. 140-147.</ref>

Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession.<ref name="concise"/>

This illegitimate Template:Nihongo had been established in Kyoto by Ashikaga Takauji.<ref name="concise"/>

Events of the Shohei Era

  • 1346 (Shōhei 1): The kampaku Takatsukasa Morohira was relieved of his duties; and he was replaced by Nijō Yoshimoto.<ref name="t297">Titsingh, p. 297.</ref>
  • 1347 (Shōhei 2): Nijō Yoshimoto was demoted from his high office as Kampaku; and he was instead given the title and responsibilities of sadaijin.<ref name="t297"/>
  • 1349 (Shōhei 4): Go-Murakami flees to A'no; Ashikaga Tadayoshi and Kō no Moronao quarrel; Ashikaga Motouji, son of Takauji, appointed Kamakura Kanrei<ref name="a329">Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron, p.329.</ref>
  • 1350 (Shōhei 5): Yoshinori guarded Kyoto.<ref>Titsingh, p. 299.</ref>
  • 1350 (Shōhei 5): Tadayoshi, excluded from administration, turns priest;<ref name="a329" /> Tadayoshi's adopted son, Ashikaga Tadafuyu is wrongly repudiated as a rebel.<ref>Historiographical Institute: "Ashikaga Tadafuyu's Call to Arms," Dai Nihon shi-ryō, VI, xiv, 43.</ref>
  • 1351 (Shōhei 6): Tadayoshi joins Southern Court, southern army takes Kyoto; truce, Takauji returns to Kyoto; Tadayoshi and Takauji reconciled; Kō no Moronao and Kō no Moroyasu are exiled.<ref name="a329"/>
  • 1350–1352 ((Shōhei 5–Shōhei 7): Armed conflict, variously known as the Template:Nihongo or Kannō no juran, developed from antagonism between Shōgun Ashikaga Takauji and his brother, Ashikaga Tadayoshi. Disagreement about the influence of Kō no Moronao diminished after death of Moronao. Tadayoshi was ordered to relocate to Kamakura. The brothers eventually reconciled before Tadayoshi's death in 1352.<ref>Nussbaum, p. 474.</ref>
  • 1352 (Shōhei 7): The grandfather of the emperor is advanced from the rank of dainagon to nadaijin.<ref name="t302">Titsingh, p. 302.</ref>
  • 1353 (Shōhei 8): Kyoto occupied by southern forces under Yamana Tokiuji; and the capital was retaken by the Ashikaga.<ref name="a329" />
  • 1354 (Shōhei 9): Takauji flees with Go-Kōgon; Kitabatake Chikafusa dies.<ref name="a329"/>
  • 1355 (Shōhei 10): Kyoto taken by southern army; Kyoto retaken again by the Ashikaga forces.<ref name="a329"/>
  • 1356 (Shōhei 11): Minamoto no Michisuke was advanced from the court rank of dainagon to nadaijin.<ref>Titsingh, p. 303; n.b., Template:Nihongo of the Template:Nihongo will rise to become daijō daijin in 1366-1368.</ref>
  • 1356 Shōhei 11): Ashikaga Yoshinori is raised to the second rank of the third class in the court hierarchy.<ref name="titsingh303">Titsingh, p. 303.</ref>
  • 1357 (Shōhei 12): Emperor Go-Murakami, who had captured former-Emperor Kōgon, former-Emperor Kōmyō and former-Emperor Sukō in 1352, released all three of them and permitted their return from Yoshino to Kyoto.<ref name="titsingh303"/>
  • 1358 (Shōhei 13): Death of Ashikaga Takauji;<ref>Titsingh, p. 304.</ref> Ashikaga Yoshiakira appointed shōgun; dissention and defections in shogunate.<ref name="Ackroyd, p.329">Ackroyd, p.329.</ref>
  • 1361 (Shōhei 16): Snowfall was unusually heavy; and there was also a disastrous fire in Kyoto as well as a violent earthquake.<ref>Titsingh, p. 305.</ref>
  • 1361 (Shōhei 16): Eigen-ji, a Zen Buddhist temple located in modern-day Shiga prefecture, was founded Sasaki Ujiyori; and its first Abbot was Jakushitsu Genko.<ref>Eigen-ji, Joint Council for Japanese Rinzai and Obaku Zen, "head temples;" Dumoulin, Heinrich. (2005). Zen Buddhism: A History, p. 205.</ref>
  • 1362 (Shōhei 17): Hosokawa Kiyouji and Kusunoki Masanori attack Kyoto, Ashikaga Yoshiakira flees, but regains the capital in twenty days.<ref name="Ackroyd, p.329"/>

Northern Court Equivalents

Notes

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References

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