Shibuya Station

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox station

Template:Nihongo is a major railway station in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Keio Corporation, Tokyu Corporation, and Tokyo Metro. It serves as a terminal for six railway lines, five of which are operated by Tokyo Metro and Tokyu Corporation.

As of 2025, this station has about 3 million people per day visiting. It is the second-busiest railway station in Japan and the world. Also, it is the ninth busiest metro station in Japan. It handles a large population of commuter traffic between the city center and suburbs to the south and west.<ref>JR East 891,460 [1], Tokyu 414,833+680,395 Template:Cite web, Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line 472,123+258,609 Template:Cite web, Keio 343,697 Template:Cite web Totals 3,061,117 million</ref>

Lines

JR East

Private railways

Subways

Note that while the Tokyo Metro Hanzōmon Line and Fukutoshin Line are directly connected to each other (and passengers can switch from one to another without passing through ticket gates), the Ginza Line station is a standalone terminal. Transfers to the Fukutoshin/Tōyoko Line are given 60 min to do so outside the fare control area, but those needing to transfer to Hanzōmon/Den-en-toshi Line should transfer at the Omotesando station instead.

History

File:Shibuyastation-1920s-front.jpg
The station in the 1920s

On 1 March 1885, Shibuya Station first opened as a stop on the Shinagawa Line, a predecessor of the present-day Yamanote Line. The Shinagawa Line was opened by the Nippon Railway. The station in its first years had little usage by passengers, with 16 to 17 people using the station every day on average. The Shinagawa Line itself was initially single-tracked, and the station was serviced by two-car formations making three return trips. Usage increased from 1887, when locals began to realize the convenience of railways.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> The Nippon Railway was later nationalized in 1906 under the Railway Nationalization Act.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The station was later expanded to accommodate the Template:Ill, now a section of the Setagaya Line, in August 1907. The Tokyo Toden extended to the station in August 1911. The station building was rebuilt with the one that has a clock tower in 1916. The station was also elevated around this period. The Tamagawa Electric Railway opened the Tenngennji Line which terminates at the station in 1922. The station continued to service additional lines, with the station servicing the Toyoko Line operated by the predecessor of Tokyu Corporation from 1927, and the current Inokashira Line in 1933.<ref name="terada2002" /> The Tokyo Metro Ginza Line opened and began serving the station in 1938. Developments in the area around Shibuya Station paused during the World War II.<ref name=":0" />

After the World War II, the Den-en-toshi Line (1977), the Hanzōmon Line (1978), and the Fukutoshin Line (2008) began serving the station. Between December 2008 and March 2009, piezoelectric mats were installed at Shibuya Station as a small scale test.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> From 22 February 2013, station numbering was introduced on Keio lines, with Shibuya Station becoming "IN01".<ref name="keio20130118">Template:Cite web</ref> Station numbering was later introduced to the JR East platforms in 2016 with Shibuya being assigned station numbers JS19 for the Shonan-Shinjuku line, JA10 for the Saikyo line, and JY20 for the Yamanote Line. At the same time, JR East assigned its major transfer stations a 3-letter code; Shibuya was assigned the code "SBY".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Redevelopments

In 2013 and 2014, Shibuya station underwent major renovations as a part of a long-term site redevelopment plan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Older buildings, such as the former main station building that previously housed the Tokyu department store, has been closed and demolished.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Shibuya Hikarie building, also owned by the Tokyu Group, opened in 2012 and contains department store retail, restaurants, and offices.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

JR East is in the process of rebuilding the station, with reconstruction work starting in earnest in fiscal year 2015.<ref name="jt20140417" /> On 3 January 2020, the Ginza Line platforms were shifted about Template:Convert east of the old platforms.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 1 June 2020, the Saikyo Line platforms were shifted about Template:Convert north of the old platforms, and now sits right next to the Yamanote Line platforms.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>　Major widening work took place on the Yamanote Line inner circle platform (Platform 2) on 23–24 October 2021.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> As a result, Yamanote Line service was suspended between Ikebukuro and Osaki.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> With the opening of the Sotetsu Link Line on 30 November 2019, the Saikyo Line commenced through services onto the Sagami Railway.

On the platform of the Toyoko Line, which was moved to the east side of the station, Tokyu Corporation constructed a Template:Convert high, 47-story commercial building "Shibuya Scramble Square", which became the tallest building in Shibuya when it opened in November 2019. The other areas of the building are under construction and will be completed by 2031.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Several commercial buildings connected to the station will be constructed by 2027.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>Template:Clear

Station layout

File:Hachiko-1.jpg
(Hachikō Front Square)

The Tokyo Metro Ginza Line, originally built and operated by a Tokyu keiretsu company, continues to use platforms on the third floor of the station building. The JR lines are on the second floor in a north-south orientation. The Tokyu Toyoko Line originally used parallel platforms on the second floor of the same building, but effective on 16 March 2013, the Toyoko Line moved underground to provide rail service with the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line. The Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line and Tokyu Den-en-Toshi Line share platforms underground in another part of the station. The Keio Inokashira Line uses platforms on the second floor of the Shibuya Mark City building to the west of the main station complex.<ref name="Keio Inokashira map"/>

The main JR/Tokyu/Tokyo Metro complex has six exits. The northwest Template:Nihongo, named for the nearby statue of the dog Hachikō and located next to Shibuya's famous scramble crossing, is a particularly popular meeting spot. The Template:Nihongo on the west side leads to the Keiō Inokashira Line Shibuya Station platforms.<ref name="Keio Inokashira map">Template:Cite web</ref>

On Template:Start date and age, a mural by Tarō Okamoto, "The Myth of Tomorrow", depicting a human figure being hit by an atomic bomb, was unveiled in its new permanent location at the station, in the connecting passage to the Keio Inokashira Line entrance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

JR East

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Platforms

There are two island platforms with a total of four tracks. One of the platforms serves the Yamanote Line and the other serves the Saikyō Line and Shōnan–Shinjuku Line.

The station was opened in 1885 with one island platform serving what is now the Yamanote Line. To alleviate congestion, a second side platform was opened to the west in July 1940 and the original platform was converted to a side platform. In March 1996, the first Saikyō Line platform was opened. It was located to the south of the Yamanote Line platforms, approximately Template:Cvt away. This platform was relocated to its current location during 30–31 May 2020.<ref name="jt20140417">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The original Yamanote Line platform was then widened during 23–24 October 2021.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It was widened further during 7–8 January 2023, when the west side platform was removed from service and both directions of the Yamanote Line were recombined into a single island platform.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

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Tokyo Metro/Tokyu

Tokyu Den-en-toshi Line and Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line

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Platforms

On the third basement (B3F) level, a single underground island platform serves two tracks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

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Tokyu Toyoko Line and Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line

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Platforms

Two underground island platforms on the fifth basement (B5F) level serve four tracks.<ref name="metro_map">Template:Cite web</ref> Tokyu has been managing the station since the opening of the Fukutoshin Line in 2008, and the Toyoko Line uses platforms 3 and 4 since the start of through services with the two lines on 16 March 2013.

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Tokyo Metro Ginza Line

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Platforms

As of January 2020, one island platform serves two tracks.<ref name="metro_map"/> Until December 2019, two side platforms each served one track, with one platform for terminating services and one for services departing towards Asakusa.

Due to the distance between the Ginza and Hanzomon Line platforms, transfer information is announced at Omote-sando Station instead.

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Keio Inokashira Line

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Platforms

The Keio station consists of two bay platforms serving two tracks.<ref name="kawashima2010_Vol.1">Template:Cite book</ref> It began operations on 1 August 1933.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

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Former Toyoko Line station

Template:Infobox station The former above-ground Tokyu Toyoko Line terminal station platforms were taken out of use after the last train service on 15 March 2013. From the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 2013, Toyoko Line services used the underground platforms 3-4 shared with Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line services.

Platforms

The station had four 8-car long bay platforms numbered 1 to 4, serving four tracks.

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Passenger statistics

In fiscal year 2013, the JR East station was used by 378,539 passengers daily (boarding passengers only), making it the fifth-busiest JR East station.<ref name="jreast2013stats">Template:Cite web</ref> Over the same fiscal year, the Keio station was used by an average of 336,957 passengers daily (exiting and entering passengers), making it the busiest station on the Inokashira Line.<ref name="keiostats2013">Template:Cite web</ref> In fiscal 2013, the Tokyo Metro Ginza station was used by an average of 212,136 passengers daily and the Tokyo Metro Hanzōmon and Fukutoshin stations were used by an average of 731,184 passengers daily. Note that the latter statistics consider passengers who travel through Shibuya station on a through service as users of the station, even if they did not disembark at the station.<ref name="tokyometrostats2013">Template:Cite web</ref> In fiscal 2013, the Tokyu Toyoko Line station was used by an average of 441,266 passengers daily and the Den-en-toshi Line station was used by an average of 665,645 passengers daily.<ref name="tokyu2013stats">Template:Cite web</ref> The daily passenger figures for each operator in previous years are as shown below.

Fiscal year JR East Tokyu Tokyo Metro Keio
Tōyoko Line Den-en-toshi Line
1999 423,336<ref name="jreast1999stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 323,180<ref name="terada2002">Template:Cite book</ref>
2000 428,165<ref name="jreast2000stats">Template:Cite web</ref>
2005 423,884<ref name="jreast2005stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 412,237<ref name="tokyu2005stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 631,481<ref name="tokyu2005stats"/>
2010 403,277<ref name="jreast2010stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 419,482<ref name="tokyu2010stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 647,331<ref name="tokyu2010stats"/> 336,926<ref name="keiostats2011"/>
2011 402,766<ref name="jreast2011stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 420,163<ref name="tokyu2011stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 641,781<ref name="tokyu2011stats"/> 217,117<ref name="metro2011stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 335,475<ref name="keiostats2011">Template:Cite web</ref>
2012 412,009<ref name="jreast2012stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 435,994<ref name="tokyu2012stats">Template:Cite web</ref> 656,867<ref name="tokyu2012stats"/> 226,644<ref name="tokyometrostats2012">Template:Cite web</ref> 344,972<ref name="keiostats2013"/>
2013 378,539<ref name="jreast2013stats"/> 441,266<ref name="tokyu2013stats"/> 665,645<ref name="tokyu2013stats"/> 212,136<ref name="tokyometrostats2013"/> 336,957<ref name="keiostats2013"/>
  • Note that JR East figures are for boarding passengers only.
  • Note that the Tokyo Metro figures are for the Ginza Line station only.

Surrounding area

File:Tōkyū 5000 series Body.JPG
The sectioned body of a former Tokyu 5000 series "Green frog" carriage on static display near the Hachikō exits before it was removed in August 2020. It is now being displayed at Kosaka Railway Museum and Akitainu Visitors Center in Odate, Akita Prefecture (the birthplace of Hachikō)
File:Shibuya Station West Exit Bus terminal.jpg
Bus terminal on the west side of Shibuya Station

Template:See also Surrounding the station is the commercial center of Shibuya. The Tokyu Department Store is connected to the east gate of the station and several other department stores are within walking distance.

The Shibuya River flows directly under the station, to the east and parallel to the JR tracks. Unlike most other Japanese department stores, the east block of Tokyu Department Store closed in 2013, and due for demolition as a part of the Shibuya Station redevelopment plan, did not have basement retail space due to the river passing directly underneath. An escalator in the east block of the store was constructed over the river stops a few steps above floor level to make space for machinery underneath without the need for further excavation. Rivers are deemed public space under Japanese law, so building over one is normally illegal. It is not clear why this was allowed when the store buildings were first constructed in 1933.

Cultural references

Various parts of the station also feature in the manga/anime television series Jujutsu Kaisen as the setting for what is dubbed the Shibuya Incident.

See also

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References

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