Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame, 9th Baronet

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Sir William James Montgomery-Cuninghame, 9th Baronet Template:Post-nominals (20 May 1834 – 11 November 1897) was a British Army officer from Scotland, Conservative politician and Victoria Cross recipient.

Early life

Montgomery-Cuninghame was born in Ayr to Sir Thomas Montgomery-Cuninghame, 8th Baronet of Corsehill and Charlotte Niven Doig Hutcheson, the eldest of seven children.<ref>“Baptism Record” in Scotlands People online database (purchase required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

His paternal grandparents were Sir James Montgomery-Cuninghame, 6th Baronet and Janet Cuming (a daughter of Edinburgh banker Thomas Cuming, Esq., of Earnside, Nairnshire and Hatton, Cheshire).<ref name="Boase1921">Template:Cite book</ref> His mother was the only child of Hugh Hutcheson of Southfield, Renfrewshire.<ref name="Debrett's1880">Template:Cite book</ref>

Between April 1849 and 1851 he was educated at Harrow School.<ref name=Harrow/>

Career

Montgomery-Cuninghame had a long and distinguished military career, which began in 1853 when, on 11 March 1853, he became ensign in the 1st Regiment (by purchase).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> By 29 April 1853 he had become a second lieutenant in the Rifle Brigade.<ref>"London Gazette", Issue 21437, p. 1290 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

Crimean War

Depiction of the Siege of Sebastopol

In October 1853, the Crimean War broke out and he was present at the battles of Alma, Balaclava, Inkerman and the siege and fall of Sebastapol.<ref name="Harrow">"Harrow School Register 1801–1893", published 1894 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref> He served in the Crimean War as a lieutenant in the 1st Battalion, The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own). On 20 November 1854 at Sebastopol, the Crimea, he, with another lieutenant (Claud Thomas Bourchier) was with a party detailed to drive the Russians from some rifle pits. Advancing on the pits after dark, they launched a surprise attack and drove the Russian riflemen from their cover, but, in the fierce fighting which ensued, the officer in command of the party was killed. The two lieutenants, however, maintained their advantage, withstood all attacks from the enemy during the night and held the position until relieved next day. For their actions they were subsequently awarded the Victoria Cross.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref>

He was mentioned in Lord Raglan's despatches and "his bravery elicited the admiration of General Canrobert, who instantly published an order expressive of his approbation."<ref>"Paisley Herald and Renfrewshire Advertiser", 23 December 1854 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref> Montgomery-Cuninghame was one of the earliest recipients of the Victoria Cross.<ref>"Evening Telegraph", 14 February 1936 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref> His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum, Winchester, England. During the Crimean conflict, he was also awarded the Order of the Medjidie 5th Class<ref name=Harrow/><ref>”London Gazette” Issue 22107, p. 1264 online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref> and the Turkish Crimea Medal<ref name=Harrow/>

Later military career

After the end of the Crimean War, on 22 November 1856, Montgomery-Cuninghame held the rank of captain and became an instructor of musketry at the Rifle Brigade<ref>“London Gazette”, Issue 21959, p. 175 online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref> He was still serving in the military when on 14 August 1867, he was promoted to major half pay by purchase<ref>Edinburgh Gazette, Issue 7772, p. 945 online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

Nine months later, on 22 May 1868, he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the Inns of Court Rifle Volunteer Corps<ref>Edinburgh Gazette, Issue 7855, p. 643 online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref> In 1877, he was a major with the Ayr and Wigtown Militia.<ref>Edinburgh Evening News, 27 July 1877 online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref> On 9 August 1884, Major Montgomery Cuninghame was granted the honorary rank of lieutenant colonel in the 4th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers.<ref>London Gazette, Issue 25385, p. 3572 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref> On 17 October 1888 he was granted the rank of colonel in the Volunteer Force and placed in command of The Clyde Brigade.<ref>London Gazette, Issue 25866, p. 5649 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref> He also held the appointment of brigadier general of the Clyde Brigade and then of the Glasgow Brigade of the Volunteer Force.<ref name="Dundee">Dundee Courier 12 November 1897 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

In July 1897, he was expected to accompany the Volunteer Glasgow Infantry Brigade (which he had commanded since its inception) to Aldershot, where they were to perform duties akin to regular battalions stationed there. This was the first time in the history of the volunteer movement this was to occur. However, during the negotiations for this historic event, he resigned due to ill health.<ref>Evening Telegraph, 6 July 1897 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

Political career

On 28 August 1871 Montgomery-Cuninghame was commissioned as Deputy Lieutenant of Ayrshire.<ref>London Gazette, Issue 23774, p. 3904 online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs from 31 January 1874<ref>“London Gazette, Issue 24064, p. 593 online database accessed 18 June 2014</ref> to 31 March 1880.<ref>“Hansard 1803–2005: Contributions in Parliament by Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame” in online database, accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

He was a Justice of the Peace for the counties of Lanark and Wigtown.<ref name=Dundee/>

Personal life

On 22 April 1869 at Little Dalby, Leicestershire,<ref>Stamford Mercury, 30 April 1869 online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref> he married Elizabeth Hartopp, a daughter of Edward Bourchier Hartopp, MP for North Leicestershire, and Honoria Gent (a daughter of Maj.-Gen. William Gent), in 1869.<ref name="Boase1921"/> Together, they had nine children, two sons and seven daughters, including:

  • Edith Honoria Montgomery-Cuninghame (1870–1949), who married diplomat Sir John Tilley.<ref>Evening Telegraph, 29 July 1901 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref>
  • Lilian Margaret Montgomery-Cuninghame (1871–1871), who died young.<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Marjory Eva Charlotte Montgomery-Cuninghame (1873–1952)<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Elizabeth Montgomery-Cuninghame (1874–1874), who died young.<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Violet Jessie Montgomery-Cuninghame (1876–1947)<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Sir Thomas Andrew Alexander Montgomery-Cuninghame, 10th Baronet (1877–1945), who married Alice Frances Denison Des Voeux, daughter of Sir George William Des Voeux, in 1904. They divorced in 1925 and he married Nancy Macaulay Foggo, daughter of W. Stewart Foggo, in 1925.<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Edward William Montgomery-Cuninghame (1878–1935), a Lt.-Col. in the Royal Artillery; he married Mary Stewart, daughter of James Stewart, in 1909.<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Letitia Margaret Montgomery-Cuninghame (1880–1880), who died young.<ref name="Mosley2003"/>
  • Bridget Anne Montgomery-Cuninghame (1886–1960), who married Capt. Henry Gilbert Smith-Rewse.<ref name="Mosley2003">Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003, vol. 1, p. 995.</ref>

Montgomery-Cuninghame became the 9th Baronet of Corsehill on the death of his father on 30 August 1870.<ref>“Bury and Norwich Post", 6 September 1870 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref><ref>Newcastle Courant, 9 September 1870 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014</ref>

He died on 11 November 1897, aged 63 at Gunton Old Hall, Lowestoft, Suffolk after a period of ill health.<ref name=Dundee/> He was buried in Kirkmichael Churchyard, Ayr with his wife, where a window commemorates him.<ref>Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)</ref><ref>Scotland's Forgotten Valour (Graham Ross, 1995)</ref>

References

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