Socialist Party (Belgium)
Template:About Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox political party
The Socialist Party<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (Template:Langx {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, PS) is a social democraticTemplate:Refn French-speaking political party in Belgium. As of the 2024 elections, it is the fourth largest party in the Belgian Chamber of Representatives and the second largest Francophone party. The party is led by Paul Magnette. The party supplies the Minister-president of the French Community (Rudy Demotte), and the Brussels-Capital Region (Rudi Vervoort). In the German-speaking community, the party is known as the Sozialistische Partei (SP).
The PS is very commonly part of governing coalitions, and dominates most local authorities because of the extremely fragmented nature of Belgian political institutions, particularly in Francophone areas. In the years since 1999, the PS has simultaneously controlled five regional executive bodies: the Government of the French Community, the Walloon Government, the Government of the Brussels-Capital Region, as well as the COCOF, a local subsidiary in Brussels of the French Community Government, and the Government of the German-speaking Community.
The party, or its members, have from time to time been brought into connection with criminal activities and political scandals, mostly concerning bribery and financial fraud (Cools assassination, Agusta scandal, Dassault Affair, Carolorégienne affair, ICDI affair). The Carolorégienne affair caused Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe to step down as Minister-President of the Walloon region.
Ideology
The PS is a centre-left party.<ref name="Colomer2008">Template:Cite book</ref> Its ideology and image are a mix of social democracy and modern electoral marketing. In its political program, the party identifies as progressive and eco-socialist.<ref name="ps.be">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Electoral positioning
During the 2019 election campaign, the RePresent research centre — composed of political scientists from five universities (UAntwerpen, KU Leuven, VUB, UCLouvain and ULB)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Libre2019">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> — studied the electoral programmes of Belgium's thirteen main political parties. This study classified the parties on two "left-right" axes, from "-5" (extreme left) to "5" (extreme right): a "classic" socio-economic axis, which refers to state intervention in the economic process and the degree to which the state should ensure social equality, and a socio-cultural axis, which refers to a divide articulated around an identity-based opposition on themes such as immigration, Europe, crime, the environment, emancipation, etc.<ref name="Libre2019" />
The PS then presented the most left-wing programme, along with the PTB, on the socio-economic level (-4.43), and also left-wing on the socio-cultural level (-3.41).<ref name="Libre2019" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The RePresent centre repeated the exercise during the 2024 election campaign for the twelve main parties. The PS's positioning shifted towards the centre, while remaining on the left, on the socio-economic axis (-3.57) and remained unchanged on the socio-cultural axis (-3.46).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Election results
The PS performed well in the 2003 general election but were overtaken as the largest Francophone party by the Reformist Movement in the 2007 general election.
In the 10 June 2007 general elections, the party won 20 out of 150 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 4 out of 40 seats in the Senate. The PS was a member of the Leterme I Government, Van Rompuy I Government, Leterme II Government and currently the Di Rupo I Government of 6 December 2011, with former PS leader Elio Di Rupo serving as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Chamber of Representatives
Timeline
Results for the Chamber of Representatives, in percentages for the Kingdom of Belgium. <timeline> ImageSize = width:650 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify
DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:16 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:2 start:0
PlotData=
bar:% color:red width:22 mark:(line,white) align:center
bar:1978 from:start till:13.1 text:"13.1" bar:1981 from:start till:12.7 text:"12.7" bar:1985 from:start till:13.8 text:"13.8" bar:1987 from:start till:15.6 text:"15.6" bar:1991 from:start till:13.5 text:"13.5" bar:1995 from:start till:11.9 text:"11.9" bar:1999 from:start till:10.2 text:"10.2" bar:2003 from:start till:13.0 text:"13.0" bar:2007 from:start till:10.86 text:"10.86" bar:2010 from:start till:13.70 text:"13.70" bar:2014 from:start till:11.67 text:"11.67" bar:2019 from:start till:9.46 text:"9.46" </timeline>
Senate
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/− |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | 685,307 | 12.5 | Template:Composition bar | |
| 1981 | 755,512 | 12.7 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 1 |
| 1985 | 832,792 | 13.9 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 |
| 1987 | 958,686 | 15.7 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 2 |
| 1991 | 814,136 | 13.3 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 2 |
| 1995 | 764,610 | 12.8 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 13 |
| 1999 | 597,890 | 9.7 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 1 |
| 2003 | 840,908 | 12.8 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 2 |
| 2007 | 678,812 | 10.2 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 2 |
| 2010 | 880,828 | 13.6 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 3 |
Regional
Brussels Parliament
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Government | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Abbr | Overall | |||||
| 1989 | 96,189 | 22.0 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Yes2 | ||
| 1995 | 88,370 | 21.4 (#2) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 1 | Template:Yes2 | |
| 1999 | 68,307 | 18.6 (#3) | 16.0 (#3) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 4 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2004 | 130,462 | 33.4 (#1) | 28.7 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 13 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2009 | 107,303 | 26.2 (#2) | 23.3 (#2) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 5 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2014 | 108,755 | 26.6 (#1) | 23.5 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady | Template:Yes2 |
| 2019 | 85,530 | 22.0 (#1) | 18.7 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 4 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2024 | 85,929 | 22.1 (#2) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 1 | TBD | |
Walloon Parliament
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 665,986 | 35.2 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Yes2 | |
| 1999 | 560,867 | 29.4 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 5 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2004 | 727,781 | 36.9 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 9 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2009 | 657,803 | 32.8 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 5 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2014 | 626,473 | 30.9 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 1 | Template:Yes2 |
| Template:No2 | |||||
| 2019 | 532,422 | 26.2 (#1) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 7 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2024 | 480,003 | 23.2 (#2) | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 4 | Template:No2 |
German-speaking Community Parliament
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 6,407 | 16.3 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 | Template:No2 |
| 1995 | 5,958 | 16.1 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 | Template:Yes2 |
| 1999 | 5,519 | 15.0 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2004 | 6,903 | 19.0 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Increase 1 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2009 | 7,231 | 19.3 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2014 | 6,047 | 16.1 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 1 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2019 | 5,820 | 14.8 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Steady 0 | Template:Yes2 |
| 2024 | 5,473 | 13.7 | Template:Composition bar | Template:Decrease 1 | Template:No2 |
European Parliament
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Notable figures
Chairmen
- André Cools, 1978–1981 (previously leader of the Walloon branch of the BSP/PSB)
- Guy Spitaels, 1981–1992
- Philippe Busquin, 1992–1999
- Elio Di Rupo, 1999–2011
- Thierry Giet, 2011–2013 (ad interim)
- Paul Magnette, 2013–2014 (ad interim)
- Elio Di Rupo, 2014–2019
- Paul Magnette, 2019–
Other
- Rudy Demotte
- André Flahaut
- Jean-Claude Marcourt
- Philippe Moureaux
- Laurette Onkelinx
- Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe
See also
References
External links
{{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Party of European Socialists
- Pages with broken file links
- Francophone political parties in Belgium
- Social democratic parties
- Full member parties of the Socialist International
- Party of European Socialists member parties
- Regionalism (politics)
- Political parties established in 1978
- 1978 establishments in Belgium
- Socialist parties in Belgium
- Progressive Alliance
- Centre-left parties in Europe