South Down (UK Parliament constituency)

Template:Short description Template:For Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK constituency South Down is a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. The seat covers the Mourne Mountains, and Downpatrick to the north. It has a short border with the Republic of Ireland to the south. The MP Template:As of is Chris Hazzard of Sinn Féin. Template:Maplink

History

Template:More citations needed section The constituency was a predominantly Nationalist area prior to 1922. Although Sinn Féin leader Éamon de Valera was on the ballot at the 1918 general election, he did not campaign, as part of a pact with the Nationalist Party.

When it was recreated in 1950, the seat had a clear unionist majority, albeit with a strong nationalist minority. However boundary changes, which have wrapped it closer around nationalist heartlands near Downpatrick and the Mournes, have transformed South Down into a safe nationalist seat.

The House of Commons seat was consistently held by the Ulster Unionist Party from its creation until 1987. In the October 1974 general election the former Conservative MP Enoch Powell defended the seat for the UUP, representing a coup for them as they gained the support of a high-profile English politician, offering them a spokesperson to the United Kingdom as a whole.

Powell advocated a policy of integration for Northern Ireland whereby all forms of devolution would be wound up and the province governed as an integral part of the United Kingdom. As part of this, he campaigned for the province to have the same ratio of MPs to population as in the rest of the United Kingdom, rather than fewer, which had previously been justified due to the existence of the devolved Stormont Parliament. Powell was successful in this, but a side effect was that in his own constituency, a significant block of unionist voters were removed, resulting in a nationalist majority. Powell managed to survive for two election cycles due to a split nationalist vote, but at the 1987 general election, he narrowly lost to Eddie McGrady of the SDLP, who held the seat until he retired in 2010.

Since then, the unionist vote has declined further due to boundary changes, which excluded mainly unionist Dromore and Saintfield, and a trend for many unionists to tactically vote for the SDLP at Westminster elections to avoid the seat falling to Sinn Féin. However, in 2017, Sinn Féin gained the constituency for the first time with Chris Hazzard defeating former leader of the SDLP Margaret Ritchie as part of the SDLP's parliamentary wipeout at that year's snap general election.

The winning vote share in 2019 was the smallest of the 650 nationwide; it was just under Template:Frac of the total votes that were cast.

The area voted to remain in the EU at the 2016 referendum.<ref name=ecalc>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

File:Mournes wiki.jpg

The Mourne Mountains, including Slieve Donard, Northern Ireland's highest mountain

Boundaries

From 1801 to 1885, County Down returned two MPs to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom sitting at the Palace of Westminster, with separate representation for the parliamentary boroughs of Downpatrick and Newry. Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, Downpatrick ceased to exist as a parliamentary borough and the parliamentary county was divided into four divisions: North Down, East Down, West Down, and South Down.

Under the Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918, Newry ceased to exist as a parliamentary borough, and the parliamentary county gained the additional division of Mid Down.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> At the 1918 general election, Sinn Féin contested on an election manifesto with an abstentionist pledge that instead of taking its seats at Westminster, it would establish an assembly in Dublin. All MPs elected to Irish seats were invited to participate in the First Dáil convened in January 1919, but no members outside of Sinn Féin did so.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

The Government of Ireland Act 1920 established the Parliament of Northern Ireland, which came into operation in 1921. The representation of Northern Ireland in the Parliament of the United Kingdom was reduced from 30 MPs to 13 MPs, taking effect at the 1922 United Kingdom general election. At Westminster, the five divisions of County Down were replaced by a two-member county constituency of Down. An eight-seat constituency of Down was created for the House of Commons of Northern Ireland, which formed the basis in republican theory for representation in the Second Dáil.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

1885–1918	The baronies of Iveagh Upper, Lower Half, Lordship of Newry, and Mourne, and so much of the barony of Iveagh Upper, Upper Half, as comprises the parishes of— Clonallan, Donaghmore, Drumgath, Kilbroney, and Warrenpoint.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Maps of baronies at {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1918–1922	The rural district of Newry No. 1; the part of the rural district of Kilkeel which is not included in the East Down division; and the urban districts of Newcastle, Newry, and Warrenpoint.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Under the Representation of the People Act 1948, all two-member constituencies were divided. Down was divided into the county constituencies of North Down and South Down. The area was reduced in 1983 as part of an expansion of Northern Ireland's constituencies from 12 to 17 with significant parts of the constituency transferred to Upper Bann and Newry and Armagh.

1950–1983	The urban districts of Banbridge, Downpatrick, Dromore, Kilkeel, Newcastle, Newry and Warrenpoint; the rural districts of Banbridge, Downpatrick, Kilkeel, Moira and Newry No. 1.<ref>First Schedule, Part IV (Northern Ireland), (a) County constituencies, {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1983–1997	The district of Down; in Banbridge, the wards of Annaclone, Ballyoolymore, Croob, Dromore, Drumadonnell, Garran, Quilly and Skeagh; in Newry and Mourne, the wards of Annalong, Ballycrossan, Binnian, Clonallan, Cranfield, Donaghmore, Drumgath, Kilkeel, Lisnacree, Rathfriland, Rostrevor, Seaview, and Spelga.<ref>Schedule (a) County constituencies, {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
1997–2010	In the district of Down, the wards of Ardglass, Audley's Acre, Ballymaglave, Ballymote, Ballynahinch East, Castlewellan, Cathedral, Crossgar, Donard, Drumaness, Dundrum, Dunmore, Killough, Kilmore, Murlough, Quoile, Seaforde, Shimna, Strangford and Tollymore; in Banbridge, the wards of Ballyward, Bannside, Katesbridge and Rathfriland; and in the district of Newry and Mourne, the wards of Annalong, Binnian, Burren and Kilbroney, Clonallan, Derryleckagh, Donaghmore, Kilkeel Central, Kilkeel South, Lisnacree, Mayobridge, Rostrevor, Seaview and Spelga.<ref>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref>
2010–2024	In the district of Banbridge, the wards of Ballyward, Bannside, Katesbridge and Rathfriland; in the district of Down, the wards of Ardglass, Audley’s Acre, Ballymote, Castlewellan, Cathedral, Crossgar, Donard, Drumaness, Dundrum, Dunmore, Killough, Murlough, Quoile, Seaforde, Shimna, Strangford and Tollymore; and in the district of district of Newry and Mourne, the wards of Annalong, Binnian, Burren and Kilbroney, Clonallan, Derryleckagh, Donaghmore, Kilkeel Central, Kilkeel South, Lisnacree, Mayobridge, Rostrevor, Seaview and Spelga.<ref>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref>
2024–	In Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon, the part of the Banbridge East ward to the east of the eastern boundary of the 2008 Upper Bann constituency, the part of the Gransha ward to the south of the southern boundary of the 2008 Lagan Valley constituency, and the wards of Loughbrickland ward, and Rathfriland; and in Newry, Mourne and Down, the wards of the Annalong, Ballydugan ward, the part of the Ballyward ward to the south of the Ballyward split line, Binnian, Burren, Castlewellan, Cathedral, Derryleckagh, Donard, Dundrum, Hilltown, Kilkeel, Knocknashinna, Lecale, Lisnacree, Mayobridge, Murlough, the part of the Quoile ward to the south of the Quoile split line, Rostrevor, the relevant area in the Strangford ward, Tollymore, and Warrenpoint.<ref>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref>

Members of Parliament

Election	Member	Party
1885	Constituency created
1885	John Francis Small	Template:Party name with colour
1886	Michael McCartan
1892		Template:Party name with colour
1895
1900		Template:Party name with colour
1902 b	Jeremiah McVeagh
1906
1910 (Jan)
1910 (Dec)
1918
1922	Constituency abolished – see Down
1950	Constituency re-created from Down
1950	Lawrence Orr	Template:Party name with colour
1951
1955
1959
1964
1966
1970
1974 (Feb)
1974 (Oct)	Enoch Powell
1979
1983
1983 b
1987	Eddie McGrady	Template:Party name with colour
1992
1997
2001
2005
2010	Margaret Ritchie
2015
2017	Chris Hazzard	Template:Party name with colour
2019
2024

Elections

File:South Down Graph.png

South Down Westminster Elections – 1983–2019

Elections in the 2010s

Template:Election box begin Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box majority Template:Election box turnout Template:Election box registered electors Template:Election box hold with party link Template:Election box end This seat saw the largest decrease in vote share for the SDLP at the 2019 general election.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Election box begin Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box majority Template:Election box turnout Template:Election box registered electors Template:Election box gain with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box majority Template:Election box turnout Template:Election box registered electors Template:Election box hold with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box majority Template:Election box turnout Template:Election box registered electors Template:Election box hold with party link Template:Election box end

Elections in the 1910s

Éamon de Valera was also elected unopposed for East Clare and elected in a contested election in East Mayo.

See also

• List of parliamentary constituencies in Northern Ireland

Further reading

• Guardian Unlimited Politics (Election results from 1992 to the present)
• http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/ (Election results from 1951 to the present)
• Template:Rayment-hc
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
• F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1950 – 1970
• The Liberal Year Book For 1917, Liberal Publication Department
• The Constitutional Year Book For 1912, Conservative Central Office
• The Constitutional Year Book For 1894, Conservative Central Office

External links

• Politics Resources (Election results from 1922 onwards)
• Electoral Calculus (Election results from 1955 onwards)
• 2017 Election House of Commons Library 2017 Election report
• A Vision Of Britain Through Time (Constituency elector numbers)
• South Down UK Parliament constituency (boundaries April 2010 – May 2024) at MapIt UK
• South Down UK Parliament constituency (boundaries from June 2024) at MapIt UK