South Gate, California

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South Gate is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, with Template:Convert. It is located Template:Convert southeast of Downtown Los Angeles.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> South Gate is part of the Gateway Cities region of southeastern Los Angeles County.

The city was incorporated on January 20, 1923,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and it became known as the "Azalea City" when it adopted the flower as its symbol in 1965.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 92,726, making it the 19th largest in the county.<ref name=quif />

In 1990, South Gate was one of ten U.S. communities to receive the All-America City Award from the National Civic League.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

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Native Americans

South Gate is in the traditional cultural territory of the Gabrielino. Gabrielino villages or archaeological sites are rumored to have existed at the South Gate Park and at the old City Hall site at the intersection of Post Street and Victoria Avenue. The village of Tajauta was located on the border of South Gate, Lynwood, and Watts.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Land grants

Among the early Spanish settlers was one of California's first families, the Lugos. The Lugo land grant encompassed a great part of what is now the City of South Gate.

While Francisco Lugo was stationed at Mission San Antonio de Padua near Salinas, California, his first California son, Antonio Maria Lugo was born in 1775.<ref name="autogenerated1">Template:Cite web</ref> That son became Don Antonio Maria Lugo, Spanish aristocrat and soldier, who settled on Template:Convert of land that encompasses what is now the City of South Gate. In 1810, the King of Spain formally granted the land to Lugo as a reward for his and his father's military service.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> Around a century later, the area around the southern gate of the ranch became the City of South Gate.<ref name="ReferenceA">Template:Cite web</ref>

Early Industrial Development

Before the end of the 1870s, much of the original land grant had been replaced by tracts of Template:Convert. By 1880, cattle raising had been replaced by agriculture as the most important local industry. During the years between 1910 and 1940, most of the agricultural land was replaced by homes and factories.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Early developers accelerated the suburbanization of what was then called South Gate Gardens by subdividing the land into small plots and selling the empty plots to blue-collar workers. A majority of early homes were built individually as plot owners used "sweat equity rather than cash to construct their own homes" and the local economy relied heavily on urban agriculture.<ref>Template:Cite book Template:Page needed</ref>

By 1940, South Gate had evolved into a major industrial hub, with over 35 factories producing chemicals, machinery, furniture, roofing materials, and more. This industrial boom continued into the mid-20th century, and by 1976, over 400 industries were operating in the city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company opened a plant in December 1927 on what was then a bean field at Alameda and Firestone. The facility began operations in mid-1928 and expanded multiple times in subsequent decades, providing significant employment and shaping local land use patterns.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The plant later closed and the property was sold for redevelopment in the mid-1980s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Recent and Future Development

A notable environmental and developmental event occurred when the Cooper Drum Company, which operated from 1976 to 1992, was designated a Superfund site by the EPA in 2001 due to hazardous chemical contamination in soil and groundwater near residential areas.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In the late 2010s, the city shifted focus to mixed-use development. The Azalea Regional Shopping Center, a 376,000 sq. ft retail and community hub built on a formerly vacant 32-acre site, opened at the corner of Firestone Boulevard and Atlantic Avenue.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2019, the Tweedy Boulevard Specific Plan was adopted under the City’s General Plan 2035 to revitalize Tweedy Mile as the city’s historic main street. The plan introduced urban mixed-use zoning categories as well as Industrial Flex and Neighborhood Medium zones to encourage pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use development along the corridor.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Tweedy family

R.D. Tweedy was born in 1812 in Illinois and came to California by ox-drawn cart in 1852. The family was large, and several generations have lived in this city. The family members bought some Template:Convert of the land on which much of South Gate was built. The downtown business district is known as the Tweedy Mile.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

Incorporation

The city was named in 1918 after the South Gate Gardens on the Cudahy Ranch.<ref name=California>Template:Cite book</ref> The city was incorporated five years later, in 1923, using the shortened form of the name.<ref name=California/> The name refers to the city's being south of Los Angeles.<ref name=California/> The population of that time was 2500 people. On May 19 1927, A.J Schoby was selected as the first mayor.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert. Template:Convert of it is land and Template:Convert of it is water. The total area is 1.59% water.

The Los Angeles River runs through the eastern part of South Gate.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

South Gate has a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot, dry summers. The average annual precipitation is Template:Convert per year with most occurring between November and April. Temperatures range from a low of Template:Convert to a high of Template:Convert. The average daily temperatures range from Template:Convert to Template:Convert.<ref name="Weatherspark">Template:Cite web</ref>

Demographics

Template:US Census population

South Gate first appeared as a city in the 1930 U.S. census as part of the now defunct San Antonio Township.<ref name=1930CensusCA/>

**South Gate city, California – Racial and ethnic composition**
Template:Nobold
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref>	Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	% 2000	% 2010	Template:Partial
White alone (NH)	5,755	3,233	2,285	5.97%	3.42%	2.46%
Black or African American alone (NH)	632	585	884	0.66%	0.62%	0.95%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	157	110	119	0.16%	0.12%	0.13%
Asian alone (NH)	725	647	609	0.75%	0.69%	0.66%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	51	69	31	0.05%	0.07%	0.03%
Other Race alone (NH)	71	147	338	0.07%	0.16%	0.36%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)	315	163	420	0.33%	0.17%	0.45%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	88,669	89,442	88,040	92.00%	94.75%	94.95%
Total	96,375	94,396	92,726	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

2020

The 2020 United States census reported that South Gate had a population of 92,726. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of South Gate was 15.2% White, 1.1% African American, 3.5% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 57.2% from other races, and 22.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 94.9% of the population.<ref name=DP1>Template:Cite web</ref>

The census reported that 99.7% of the population lived in households, 0.3% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.1% were institutionalized.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 24,577 households, out of which 48.1% included children under the age of 18, 49.8% were married-couple households, 9.0% were cohabiting couple households, 26.5% had a female householder with no partner present, and 14.7% had a male householder with no partner present. 11.3% of households were one person, and 4.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.76.<ref name=DP1/> There were 20,679 families (84.1% of all households).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The age distribution was 24.6% under the age of 18, 11.1% aged 18 to 24, 29.1% aged 25 to 44, 23.8% aged 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65Template:Nbspyears of age or older. The median age was 34.0Template:Nbspyears. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 25,084 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 24,577 (98.0%) were occupied. Of these, 45.2% were owner-occupied, and 54.8% were occupied by renters.<ref name=DP1/>

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $71,315, and the per capita income was $24,567. About 11.5% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

2010

The 2010 United States census<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> reported that South Gate had a population of 94,396. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of South Gate was 47,645 (50.5%) White, 3,209 (3.4%) Non-Hispanic White, 890 (0.9%) African American, 878 (0.9%) Native American, 732 (0.8%) Asian, 99 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 40,624 (43.0%) from other races, and 3,528 (3.7%) from two or more races. There were 89,442 residents of Hispanic or Latino ancestry, of any race (94.8%).

The Census reported that 94,308 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 16 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 72 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 23,278 households, out of which 13,805 (59.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,183 (56.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 4,706 (20.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,261 (9.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,879 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 134 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,292 households (9.8%) were made up of individuals, and 996 (4.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.05. There were 20,150 families (86.6% of all households); the average family size was 4.24.

There were 29,374 residents (31.1%) under the age of 18, 11,298 (12.0%) aged 18 to 24, 28,039 (29.7%) aged 25 to 44, 19,062 (20.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,623 (7.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.

There were 24,160 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 10,658 (45.8%) were owner-occupied, and 12,620 (54.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.6%. 46,665 people (49.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 47,643 people (50.5%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2015–2019, South Gate had a median household income of $52,321, with 17.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line. For people ages 25 and over, 56.7% had a high school degree or higher while 9.4% had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Religion

There are approximately 40 churches located in the City representing a variety of religious denominations. 53.4% of the people in South Gate, CA are religious. 37.0% are Catholic; 6.7% are Protestant; 1.6% are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; 5.2% are another Christian faith; 1.1% are Jewish; 1.1% are "an eastern faith"; 0.7% are Muslim.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Demographics history

Mexican and Salvadoran are the most common ancestries in South Gate.<ref>South Gate Profile - Mapping LA - Los Angeles Times</ref>

Homelessness

According to the Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count conducted by the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority, South Gate reported 340 homeless individuals in 2022.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Subsequent counts estimated a decrease to 112 in 2023, 134 in 2024, and 83 in 2025.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Economy

As of June 2009, California's EDD<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> lists the unemployment rate in South Gate as 14.4%, with negative job growth. The California State Board of Equalization<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> lists South Gate's sale tax rate as 10.75%. The income per capita is $11,566, which includes all adults and children. The median household income is $41,064.<ref name="bestplaces.net">Template:Cite web</ref>

As of April 1, 2009, the City of South Gate imposed a 10.25-percent sales tax (statewide plus local supplementary, which is now 9.75% with the expiration of the temporary tax increase under Proposition 1A), which matches Pico Rivera's sales tax rate as the highest in the State of California.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On July 9, 2009, the South Gate City Council held a special meeting where a resolution was adopted declaring a fiscal emergency for the City of South Gate.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2023, the median household income was $71,315, the per capita income was $24,567, and the poverty rate stood at 13.2%.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Government

In the United States House of Representatives, South Gate is in California's 44th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of D+32<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and is represented by Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite GovTrack</ref>

South Gate is represented in the California State Senate by Democrat Lena Gonzalez (33rd District), and in the California State Assembly by Democrat Jose Solache (62nd District).

Local government

63.10% of the people in South Gate are registered as Democrats, with 35.60% registered as Republican. The remaining 1.30% are independent.<ref name="bestplaces.net"/>

The City Council consists of five persons elected at large by the residents of South Gate. These Council members serve a four-year term and establish the governing policies and procedures for the city. The Mayor is selected on an annual, rotating basis from among the Council Members. The current City Council consists of:

Mayor Maria R. Davila (2003— )
Vice Mayor Joshua Barron (2022— )
Councilmember Maria Del Pilar Avalos (2020— )
Councilmember Gil Hurtado (2005–17, 2020— )
Councilmember Al Rios (2017— )<ref name="council">Template:Cite web</ref>

City Clerk: The City Clerk in South Gate is an elected position that serves a four-year term. As the official record keeper for the city, the City Clerk is responsible for maintaining all central and legal files, preparing City Council meeting agendas and minutes, conducting municipal elections and assisting the Los Angeles Registrar-Recorder with voter registration.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Yodit Glaze is the City Clerk of South Gate.

City Treasurer: Jose De La Paz<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> was elected City Treasurer of South Gate in November 2022.

City Manager: The City Manager is appointed by the City Council to carry out its policies and ensure that the community is served in a responsive manner. Responsible for oversight of all City operations and the delivery of public services, the City Manager works closely with the city's departments in developing policy recommendations and responding to directives of the City Council.<ref name="sogate.org">Template:Cite web</ref> Rob Houston was appointed City Manager by the City Council on December 1, 2023.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Finances

South Gate currently is one of the lowest in taxing its residents in the south east area of Los Angeles. It is one of the few cities that does NOT have a Utility Users Tax (UUT). Most cities have an additional tax added to the sales tax for utilities such as gas, water, electricity, phone, cell phone, cable, and internet. Most cities range from +/- 4%-11%. South Gate is 0%.

Corruption and election fraud

From 2001 to 2003, then-city treasurer Albert Robles, along with three accomplices on the city council, accepted bribes and in turn gave taxpayer money to friends and relatives to perform city contracts. The three accomplices formed a majority of the five-member city council, so they could effectively run the city as they wanted. For example, in 2002, Robles was arrested on felony threat charges but was appointed by the city council to the deputy city manager position and had his legal bills covered by the city. The city council gave themselves a 2000% pay raise, and cut the pay of City Clerk Carmen Avalos by 90%, after she complained about corruption and election fraud in the city to the California Secretary of State.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name = "NBC"> Template:Cite news</ref>

On January 28, 2003, voters recalled Robles along with his political allies, former Mayor Xochitl Ruvalcaba, former Vice Mayor Raul Moriel, and former city councilwoman Maria Benavides.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name = "NBC" />

Robles was convicted of bribery in July 2005.<ref name = "Rosenzweig">Template:Cite news</ref> In November 2006 he was sentenced to 10 years in federal prison, ordered to pay the city of South Gate $639,000 in restitution, and was immediately put into custody.<ref> Template:Cite news </ref>

In March 2006, Rudy Navarro, who was elected to replace Albert Robles as city treasurer, was caught making a false statement on his biography as posted on the city's official web site. He claimed that he earned a degree from San Diego State University, when he actually had not completed all the requirements.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

South Gate's political history in the early 2000s has been characterized by political observers and editors as having elements of "Third World politics".<ref name="Bebitch">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Marosi">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Anderson">Template:Cite news</ref>

County representation

In the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors, South Gate is in the Fourth District, represented by Janice Hahn.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Whittier Health Center in Whittier, serving South Gate.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Infrastructure

Roads

Buses

South Gate is served by Metro Local and Metro Rapid buses. The City of South Gate operates the Get Around Town Express (GATE) to provide local service.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Light Rail

South Gate will be served by the planned Southeast Gateway Line (formerly known as the West Santa Ana Branch Transit Corridor), a Los Angeles Metro Rail light rail project currently in development. The line will run between Downtown Los Angeles and Artesia, with a station planned in South Gate near Atlantic Avenue and Patata Street. Construction is expected to begin in 2025, with service projected to start in 2035.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

City parks

South Gate offers ten city parks for the enjoyment of its citizens.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

South Gate Park covers a total of Template:Convert, and is the largest park within the city limits. This park is used to carry out most of the Parks and Recreation Department's community programs. There are a total of six different facilities at this park, some of which can be rented out for a variety of events. These facilities include the Municipal Auditorium, Girls Club House, 9-hole Par 3 Golf Course, Senior Recreation Center, Swim Stadium, and Sports Center. The site also features athletic fields, outdoor basketball courts, two playgrounds, tennis courts, a skate park, several shaded areas for picnics, and a Jr. Hockey Rink. The park closes at 10:00 pm.
Hollydale Regional Park covers Template:Convert, has a playground, tennis courts, a baseball field, soccer fields, a picnic area (groups of 50+ by reservation only), and an Equestrian Center that is also available for rent. The park closes at sunset.
Urban Orchard Park covers Template:Convert, has a playground, orchard with hundreds of fruit trees, a wetland, a garden, walking path, native landscaping and a mile extension of Los Angeles River Trail. The park close at sunset.
Cesar Chavez Park covers Template:Convert, has two playgrounds and a pergola. No reservation is needed for picnics. The park closes at sunset.
Circle Park covers Template:Convert, and is a neighborhood park. It has a small playground, a ball field and a grass area. The park closes at sunset.
Hollydale Community Park covers Template:Convert, it has a playground, outdoor basketball courts, and a Community Center. The park closes at 10:00pm.
State Street Park covers Template:Convert and only has a grass fields. is a neighborhood park, No reservation needed for picnics. The park closes at sunset.
Gardendale Tot Lot covers Template:Convert, and is a neighborhood park. It has a playground and a small grass area. The park closes at sunset.
Triangle Park covers Template:Convert, has a pergola, a seating area, a bike rack, and a drinking fountain. The park closes at sunset.
Stanford Park covers Template:Convert and is a neighborhood park. It has a playground and a small grass area. The park closes at sunset.

Education

Template:More citations needed section Schools located in South Gate include: 21 public (13 elementary, 3 high school, 3 charter schools and 2 middle school and 1 span school and 1 continuation high school) and two parochial schools. Adult Education classes are conducted at both the junior and senior high schools. The city is also served by 3 community colleges (Compton, Cerritos and East Los Angeles—main campus and South Gate satellite) and 3 California State Universities (Dominguez Hills, Long Beach and Los Angeles.)

Public schools

Most of South Gate is served by the Los Angeles Unified School District public school system. A small section of South Gate is served by the Paramount Unified School District and another, by Downey Unified School District.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Los Angeles Unified School District

LAUSD primary schools

Bryson Avenue Elementary School (opened 1931, partially a Math, Science, Technology magnet school)
Independence Elementary School (opened 1997)
Liberty Boulevard Elementary School (opened 1932)
Madison Elementary School (opened 2005)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Montara Avenue Elementary School (opened 1988)
San Gabriel Avenue Elementary School (opened 1920)
San Miguel Avenue Elementary School (opened 1989, partially a math and science magnet school)
Stanford Avenue Elementary School (1-5, opened 1924)
Stanford New Primary Center (K, opened 2004)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
State Street Elementary School (opened 1932)
Tweedy Elementary School (Originally Opened 1931) <ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (opened 1950)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Victoria Avenue Elementary School (opened 1925)
Willow Avenue Elementary School (opened 2012)

LAUSD charter schools

Firestone (opened 2010)
Aspire Gateway (opened 2010)
Valiente College Preparatory Charter School ( 2015)
KIPP Corazon (2017)

LAUSD middle schools

International Studies Learning Center <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
South Gate Middle School (opened 1941)
South East Middle School (opened 2004)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Southeast DREAMS Magnet School (opened 2018)

LAUSD high schools

South Gate High School (opened 1932)
South East High School (opened 2005)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Legacy High School

When South East High School opened, within the City of South Gate, the school's attendance boundary took land formerly zoned to South Gate High School, Huntington Park High School, and David Starr Jordan High School.<ref>"Template:Usurped" (Template:Usurped). Los Angeles Unified School District. Retrieved on June 24, 2010.</ref>

LAUSD span school

International Studies Learning Center (opened in 2004)

LAUSD continuation high school

Odyssey Continuation High School

Paramount Unified School District

Hollydale School (K-8)
Paramount High School

Private schools

Private primary schools

Lollypop Lane Preschool and Kindergarten
Redeemer Lutheran School
Saint Helen Elementary School

Private high schools

Academia Betel

Colleges and universities

South Gate Satellite Campus, East Los Angeles College

Public libraries

County of Los Angeles Public Library operates:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Leland R. Weaver Library (4035 Tweedy Boulevard )
Hollydale Library (12000 South Garfield Avenue )

Notable people