Southeast Sulawesi

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Southeast Sulawesi (Template:Langx, Template:IPA; often abbreviated to Sultra, Template:IPA), is a province on the island of Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of substantial offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii (formerly called Wowoni), together with many smaller islands. It is bordered by South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi to the north, sharing a maritime border with Maluku and North Maluku to the east and East Nusa Tenggara to the south, as well a very narrow maritime border with East Timor to the south. The capital is the city of Kendari, on the east coast of the peninsula.

The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the Bone Gulf between Watampone (Bone) in South Sulawesi and the port of Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi.

History

From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the Template:Ill (Butung).Template:Citation needed

Geography

Wakatobi Beach

The two major mountain ranges in Southeast Sulawesi are the Tanggeasinua Range and the Mekongga Range.<ref name="EB-1">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> The major rivers are the Lalinda, the Lasolo, and the Sampara.<ref name="EB-1" /><ref>Template:Cite map</ref>

Demographics

The population of the province was 2,232,586 at the 2010 decennial census (1,120,225 males, and 1,110,344 females),<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref> increasing to 2,624,875 at the 2020 Census.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> The official estimate as at mid 2024 was 2,793,070.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Dalam Angka 2025 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.74)</ref> Konawe Selatan, Konawe, Kolaka and Muna are the four most populous regencies.

A third of the population is centered on Buton and Muna islands off the south coast of Sulawesi, and another 15% live in and around Kendari. Template:Historical populations

Religion

Template:Pie chart

Islam is the predominant religion (96.2%). According to the 2021 estimates, 2,560,000 people were Muslims, 50,780 were Hindus, 44,870 were Protestants, 16,180 were Roman Catholics, 1,610 were Buddhists, 113 were Confusians and 63 adhered to Folk religions.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2022">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022.</ref>

Ethnic groups

The ethnic groups in Southeast Sulawesi are Buton (Wolio, Lasalimu, Kumbewaha, Cia-cia), Muna (Busoa, Kaimbulawa, Liabuku, Pancana, Kioko), Wakatobi (Tukangbesi, Bonerate), Tolaki, Culambacu, Kalisusu (Taloki, Koroni), Moronene, Wawonii, and others.

Government and administrative divisions

Southeast Sulawesi Province is divided into fifteen regencies (including the five new regencies established in 2013 and 2014) and two autonomous cities.

As at 1995, there were just four regencies within the province - Buton, Kolaka, Konawe and Muna. On 3 August, the city of Kendari was created from part of Konawe Regency, and on 21 June 2001 the city of Bau-Bau was created from part of Buton Regency.

On 25 February 2003, South Konawe Regency was created from part of Konawe Regency. On 18 December 2003, three new regencies were created - Bombana Regency and Wakatobi Regency from parts of Buton Regency, and North Kolaka Regency from part of Kolaka Regency. On 2 January 2007, two new regencies were created - North Konawe Regency from part of Konawe Regency, and North Buton Regency from part of Muna Regency.

In 2013 the Indonesian Government enacted the creation of 11 new Regencies and Municipalities, including the following in Southeast Sulawesi:

Subsequently, on 24 June 2014, the Indonesian Parliament agreed to create three more new regencies, based on consideration of technical, administrative, area, strategic and geopolitic factors:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • South Buton Regency, from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
  • Central Buton Regency, from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
  • West Muna Regency, from part of Muna Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).

These regencies and cities are tabulated below, with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011"/> and the 2020 Census,<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021"/> together with the official estimates as at mid 2024<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Dalam Angka 2025 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.74)</ref> The table also includes the location of the regency/city headquarters and their Human Development Index.

Kode
Wilayah		 Name of
City or
Regency		 Area
(km2)		 Population Capital HDI<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
2022
Census
2010		 Census
2020		 Estimate
mid 2024
74.71 Kendari City 265.79 289,966 345,107 370,760 Kendari 0.845 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.06 Bombana Regency (a) 3,293.97 139,235 150,706 160,650 Rumbia 0.668 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.01 Kolaka Regency 2,958.92 208,817 237,587 248,760 Kolaka 0.739 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.02 Konawe Regency 5,351.85 213,038 257,011 274,070 Unaaha 0.720 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.08 North Kolaka Regency
(Kolaka Utara)		 2,932.25 121,340 137,659 148,500 Lasusua 0.704 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.11 East Kolaka Regency
(Kolaka Timur)		 3,992.53 106,415 120,699 127,550 Tirawuta 0.687 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.09 North Konawe Regency
(Konawe Utara)		 4,219.81 51,533 67,871 73,830 Wanggudu 0.711 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.05 South Konawe Regency
(Konawe Selatan)		 4,237.74 264,587 308,524 329,210 Andoolo 0.694 (Template:Fontcolor)
Peninsula Regencies 27,252.86 1,394,931 1,625,164 1,733,330
74.10 North Buton Regency
(Buton Utara)		 1,755.83 54,736 66,653 69,800 Buranga 0.690 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.72 Bau-Bau City 294.14 136,991 159,248 168,540 Baubau 0.766 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.04 Buton Regency 1,669.33 94,388 115,207 122,030 Pasarwajo 0.672 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.15 South Buton Regency
(Buton Seletan)		 517.63 74,974 95,261 101,190 Batauga 0.654 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.14 Central Buton Regency (b)
(Buton Tengah)		 836.96 86,350 114,773 121,290 Labungkari 0.653 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.03 Muna Regency (c) 1,858.10 196,645 215,527 227,980 Raha 0.696 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.13 West Muna Regency
(Muna Barat)		 818.70 71,632 84,590 90,960 Laworo 0.662 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.12 Konawe Islands Regency (d)
(Konawe Kepulauan)		 705.71 28,944 37,050 39,690 Langara 0.667 (Template:Fontcolor)
74.07 Wakatobi Regency 450.46 92,995 111,402 118,260 Wanci (on
Wangi-wangi
Island)		 0.708 (Template:Fontcolor)
Island Regencies 8,906.85 837,655 999,711 1,059,740

Notes

(a) Bombana Regency is mainly peninsula (the areas around Poleang and Rumbia on Sulawesi Island) but partly insular (including most of Kabaena Island).
(b) The Central Buton Regency comprises the southern part of Muna Island and a small southern part of Kabaena Island, but does not include any part of Buton Island.
(c) Under discussion by the Indonesian government in 2013 was a proposal to create an additional municipality of Raha, on Muna Island, but any such proposal is in abeyance and this potential extra municipality is not separated in the table above.
(d) The Konawe Islands Regency comprises Wawonii Island and small offshore islets around it.

The province now forms one of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the People's Representative Council. The Southeast Sulawesi Electoral District consists of all of the 15 regencies in the province, together with the cities of Kendari and Bau-Bau, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council.<ref>Law No. 7/2017 (UU No. 7 Tahun 2017) as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023.</ref>

Transportation

Airports

Ports

  • Antam Pomalaa, Kolaka
  • Bungkutoko, Kendari
  • Ferry (ASDP), Kolaka
  • Ferry Batulo, Baubau
  • Ferry Lagasa, Muna
  • Ferry Pure, Muna
  • Ferry Tampo, Muna
  • Ferry Tondasi, West Muna
  • Ferry Wamengkoli, Central Buton
  • Liana Banggai, Central Buton
  • Maligano, Muna
  • Murhum, Baubau
  • Nusantara, Kendari
  • Nusantara Raha, Muna
  • Pangulu Belo, Wakatobi
  • Samudra, Kolaka
  • Simpu, South Buton
  • Transito Talaga Raya, Central Buton

Notable people

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See also

References

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Template:South East Sulawesi Template:Provinces of Indonesia Template:Authority control

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