Stephen Miller (Minnesota governor)

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Early years and business entrepreneur

Born in Carroll Township, Pennsylvania, Stephen Miller established a series of successful businesses.<ref name="state33">Template:Cite book</ref> Frail health prompted the entrepreneur, of Pennsylvania Dutch heritage, to leave home at age 42 and follow his friend Alexander Ramsey to Minnesota, where the climate reportedly was more congenial. Miller established a mercantile business in St. Cloud and, within two years, had risen to prominence in the state Republican Party.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Civil War soldier and leader

File:Stephen Miller, 1863.jpg
Stephen Miller in 1863

During the American Civil War, Miller, a middle-aged politician and businessman with no previous military experience, enlisted in the 1st Minnesota Infantry Regiment and was appointed as the Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Miller served with the 1st Minnesota in the Army of the Potomac from April, 1861 until August, 1862.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> In August of 1862 during the Dakota War of 1862 Miller was promoted to the rank of Colonel and given command of the newly raised 7th Minnesota Infantry Regiment.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Following the Dakota War Miller replaced Brig. Gen. Henry Hastings Sibley as the commander of Mankato's Camp Lincoln. There, 303 Dakota men were convicted of participating in the Dakota War of 1862, awaited their fate. Four months later, Miller supervised, by order of President Lincoln, the mass execution of 38 Dakotas condemned for their part in the war.<ref name="state33" /><ref name="autogenerated1" /> On November 6, 1863 following his service with the 7th Minnesota Miller was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> After his promotion to Brigadier General Miller resigned from service in the military and ran for Governor of Minnesota in the 1863 Minnesota gubernatorial election against Henry T. Welles.

Governor of Minnesota

His military career and Alexander Ramsey's support assured Miller of a gubernatorial victory in 1863. He was the 4th Governor of Minnesota, serving from January 11, 1864, to January 8, 1866. He was the first of several Civil War veterans to serve as Governor of Minnesota. Although lacking a college degree himself, he valued higher education and advocated generous appropriations to the University of Minnesota and to state normal schools, one of which evolved into St. Cloud State University. In his final address to the legislature, he strongly but unsuccessfully urged adoption of a black suffrage amendment to the state constitution.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

Later years and term as state representative

Miller chose not to run for re-election and was unemployed until 1871, when he became a railroad-company field agent in Windom. He served as a state representative from January 7, 1873, to January 5, 1874, representing then-District 38, which included all or portions of Cottonwood, Jackson, Murray, Nobles, Pipestone and Rock counties in the southwestern part of the state. During his term, he was chair of the House's Public Lands Committee.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1876, he was a representative to the Electoral College. The one-time war hero and popular governor died alone, an impoverished widower, in Worthington in 1881.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

References

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