Stereotomy

Template:Short description Template:About Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates {{safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst-infobox||$params=italic_title,name,type,longtype,artist,cover,border,alt,caption,released,recorded,venue,studio,genre,length,language,label,director,producer,compiler,chronology,prev_title,prev_year,year,next_title,next_year,misc|$extra=italic_title,longtype,border,caption,language,director,compiler,chronology,year,misc|$aliases=italic title>italic_title,Italic title>italic_title,Name>name,Type>type,image>cover,Cover>cover,Border>border,Alt>alt,Caption>caption,Longtype>longtype,Artist>artist,Released>released,Recorded>recorded,Venue>venue,Studio>studio,Genre>genre,Length>length,Language>language,Label>label,Director>director,Producer>producer,Compiler>compiler,Chronology>chronology,Misc>misc|$flags=override|$B={{#ifeq:{{#invoke:Is infobox in lead|main|[Ii]nfobox [Aa]lbum}}|true|{{#if:Template:Has short description | |{{#if: 19 December 1985<ref name="Music Week Release">Template:Cite magazine</ref> | Template:Short description}}}}}}{{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template otherTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Main other{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox album with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y|italic_title |type |name |image |cover |border |alt |caption |longtype |artist |released |recorded |venue |studio |genre |length |language |label |director |producer |compiler |prev_title|prev_year|next_title|next_year|chronology|year|misc}}{{#if:{{#invoke:String|match|error_category=Music infoboxes with Module:String errors|A|1=Vulture Culture1985Gaudi1987Studio albumStereotomyStereotomyversion0.jpgThe Alan Parsons Project19 December 1985<ref name="Music Week Release">Template:Cite magazine</ref>October 1984 – August 1985Mayfair StudiosTemplate:Hlist41:58AristaAlan Parsons and Eric Woolfsonx|2=</?t[drh][ >]|nomatch=}}|Template:Main other}}Template:Main other}}

Stereotomy is the ninth studio album by the Alan Parsons Project, released in December 1985 by Arista Records.

Not as commercially successful as its predecessor Vulture Culture, the album is structured differently from earlier Project albums: containing three lengthy tracks ("Stereotomy" at over seven minutes, "Light of the World" at over six minutes, and the instrumental "Where's the Walrus?" running over seven and a half minutes) and two minute-long songs at the end. It is a full digital production and both the LP and CD releases were encoded using the two-channel Ambisonic UHJ format. Stereotomy earned a Grammy nomination in 1987 – for Best Rock Instrumental Performance: Orchestra, Group, or Soloist – for the track "Where's the Walrus?"<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Stereotomy marks the final appearance of David Paton on bass – he went on to join Elton John's touring band – and is the first Project release since Tales of Mystery and Imagination not to feature Lenny Zakatek.

Background

The word "stereotomy" is taken from "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" by Edgar Allan Poe. It refers to the cutting of solid shapes into different forms, and is used as a metaphor for the way that famous people (singers, actors, etc.) are 'shaped' by the demands of fame.<ref name="Studio Rats">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The short track "Chinese Whispers" also references "Rue Morgue" in that although an instrumental, it features Eric Woolfson’s daughters Sally and Lorna reciting a sequence of words from the story.

Whereas previous Alan Parsons Project albums had been recorded on analog tape and mastered digitally, Stereotomy was recorded digitally from the onset. The two explained that they made this decision to retain the same level of fidelity throughout the recording process, regardless of how many overdubs and playbacks were conducted. Woolfson discussed this method with Dave Zimmer of BAM magazine in 1986.<ref name="Studio Rats"/>

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Woolfson's role as a lead vocalist and keyboardist was also reduced on Stereotomy. He reckoned that his vocal contributions on the album spanned "about 30 seconds".<ref name="Essence">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Richard Cottle, who first worked with the Alan Parsons project on Vulture Culture, reprised his role as the band's dedicated session synthesiser player.<ref name="Sound on Sound">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Woolfson thought that Cottle's role was "more dominant" on Stereotomy due to the band's increasing reliance on a more synthesised sound rather than acoustic keyboards.<ref name="Essence"/>

Cottle's keyboard rig consisted of a PPG Wave 2.3, Emulator II, Fairlight CMI, Yamaha DX7, and two Sequential Prophet 5 synthesisers that were retrofitted with a MIDI interface.<ref name="Sound on Sound"/> Parsons believed that the strengths of the Fairlight paled in comparison to the Emulator and the Yamaha DX7, which were his preferred keyboards on the album.<ref name="Essence"/> Cottle commented that it was "time-consuming" to operate the Fairlight and achieve sounds that were compatible with other keyboards in his setup.<ref name="Sound on Sound"/>

Cottle primarily used the PPG Wave as his master keyboard and used the Prophet and DX7 for chordal pads. Parsons's TX Rack, which was positioned in the control room, also connected to some of Cottle's instruments, including the DX7. The Friend Chip SRC synchronizer was used to delay the feed to various instruments to overcome latency issues associated with MIDI. Cottle's keyboards mixes, which were treated with audio effects such as reverb, were sent directly to the mixing console.<ref name="Sound on Sound"/>

Inspirations

The track "Chinese Whispers" is based on the game of Chinese whispers. It has some snippets of dialogue heavily overlaid on top of each other. The words are taken from Edgar Allan Poe's work Murders in the Rue Morgue:

"...The larger links of the chain run thus – Chantilly, Orion, Dr. Nichol, Epicurus, Stereotomy, the street stones, the fruiterer."

The titles of "Urbania" and "Where's the Walrus?" can be attributed to Lee Abrams, a radio programmer and friend of Parsons and Woolfson. Eric Woolfson remembers:

"He was really quite inspirational in this album [Stereotomy] in telling us what we'd been doing wrong, in his view, on the previous albums... 'Urbania' was one of the words he came out with during the course of a long conversation. Another title he's responsible for... is 'Where's the Walrus,' the other instrumental, 'cause he was really giving us a hard time, I must tell you: 'Your guitar sounds are too soft, and your whole approach is, you know, slack, and your lyrics—there’s no great lyrics anymore! I mean, where's the walrus? I don't hear the walrus!' Referring, of course, to John Lennon's 'I Am the Walrus'..."

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Artwork

The original vinyl packaging was different from all the reissues: it featured more elaborate artwork of the paper sleeve supplied with a special color-filter oversleeve. When inserted, the over-sleeve filtered some of the colors of the artwork, allowing four different variations.<ref>Template:Cite AV media notes</ref> In the reissues, only one variant remained. The artwork was nominated for Best Album Package at the 29th Annual Grammy Awards,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> but lost to Miles Davis's album Tutu, designed by art director Eiko Ishioka.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Release

Arista Records established a release date of 19 December 1985 for Stereotomy, which was reported in the 2 November 1985 edition of Billboard magazine.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> This date was established for the release of Stereotomy in the United Kingdom.<ref name="Music Week Release"/> In the United States, CD copies of Stereotomy were still in the manufacturing stage by early February 1986.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

The band was involved in a dispute with Arista over royalties from CD sales. Woolfson said that the band had originally agreed to a royalty rate equivalent to that of vinyls during the nascent stages of CD marketing and that the royalty rate would increase once CDs were more established in the marketplace. Within the contract signed between the band and Arista on 5 December 1985, a 30-day negotiation period was established to allow for royalty restructuring. Once the 30 days lapsed, Woolfson maintained that the band's royalty rates would automatically increase. Woolfson told Billboard that Arista had threatened to cease production of the band's material if they did not agree to the concessionary rate, which the label denied, saying that "Eric Woolfson's statements are completely wrong and inaccurate. It is not appropriate for us to discuss each of the inaccurate points, except to emphasize that the Alan Parsons Project CDs are available in the marketplace."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Critical reception

Stereotomy generally received negative reviews from music critics. Music Week wrote that with the exception of "Real World" and "Light of the World", the album failed to live up to the potential of the band's previous work, resulting in an album that they found to be "frustratingly commercial, meandering and sadly disappointing."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Writing for Sounds, Roger Holland called the album "dreadful" and a "monstrosity" and believed that the album's pre-programmed, computerized technique and self-professed sophistication" came at the expense of "any semblance of human emotion."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> In his review of the album, J. D. Considine of Musician wrote simply: "Unnecessary surgery."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

The Canadian music trade publication RPM said that Stereotomy had "a unique blend of electronic pop and rock vocal styles with fine guitar work from Ian Bairnson."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> AllMusic felt that the album "came up short" and was only partially salvaged by some of the instrumental compositions, which created "some musical buoyancy among the blandness of the other tracks."<ref name="AllMusic"/>

Track listing

All songs written and composed by Alan Parsons and Eric Woolfson.

Stereotomy was remastered and reissued in 2008 with the following bonus tracks:

10. "Light of the World" (backing track) – 6:14
11. "Rumour Goin' Round" (demo) – 5:01
12. "Stereotomy" (Eric Woolfson guide vocal) – 6:37
13. "Stereotomy Two" (backing rough mix) – 1:23

Personnel

• Eric Woolfson – DX7 Rhodes, piano, additional vocals on 1, scientist voices on 1
• Alan Parsons – synth sequences on 3, scientist voices on 1, producer
• Ian Bairnson – electric guitars, guitars synth, processed acoustic guitars
• David Paton – bass
• Stuart Elliott – drums and percussion
• Richard Cottle – synths, sequencers, keyboards, sax
• Tony Richards – scientist voices on 1, traffic FX on 3
• Noel Rafferty – scientist voices
• John Miles – vocals on 1, 5, 9
• Chris Rainbow – vocals on 2
• Gary Brooker – vocals on 4
• Grahan Dye – vocals on 7
• Sally and Lora Woolfson – voices on 8
• The Philharmonia Orchestra, leader – Christoffer Warren-Green
• Orchestra arranged and conducted by Andrew Powell

Charts

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Chart (1985–1986)	Peak position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	50
Finnish Albums (The Official Finnish Charts)<ref name=FINI>Template:Cite book</ref>	16
Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }} Set "Tipo" on "Album". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Alan Parsons Project".</ref>	17
Spanish Albums (AFYVE)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	5