Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin

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Template:About Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox settlement Sturgeon Bay is a city in Door County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> The population was 9,646 at the 2020 census. Located at the bay of Sturgeon Bay for which it is named, it is the most populous city on the Door Peninsula, a popular Upper Midwest vacation destination.

History

The area was originally inhabited by the Ho-Chunk and Menominee. The town is known in the Menominee language as Namāēw-Wīhkit, or "bay of the sturgeon".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Menominee ceded this territory to the United States in the 1831 Treaty of Washington.<ref>Ceded territories map, Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC), Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology - 1896-97, Part 2 by J. W. Powell, Charles C. Royce, and Cyrus Thomas, 1899, page 728 (page 217 of the pdf)</ref> After that, the area was available for white settlement.

The community was first recorded as Graham in 1855, but in 1857, the state legislature organized it as the town of Ottumba. Subsequently, the name was reverted to Graham, and in 1860, a petition was submitted to the county board to change the community's name to that of the adjacent bay.<ref>Robert E. Gard and L. G. Sorden, Romance of Wisconsin Place Names, New York: October House, Inc. 1968, page 121</ref> A company of volunteer firefighters was established in 1869.<ref>History of Sturgeon Bay's Fire Department of 1869 and (continued on another page), Door County Advocate, Volume 62, Number 52, March 14, 1869, section 2, pages 9 and 16</ref> In 1874, Sturgeon Bay was incorporated as a village. It became a city in 1883,<ref>First Village Voting Here in 41 Years, Door County Advocate, Volume 99, Issue 5, April 5, 1960, page 8</ref> and the police department was founded that year.<ref>About Us, Sturgeon Bay Police Department, Accessed July 2, 2022</ref> In 1891, Charles Mitchell Whiteside, a member of the Wisconsin Assembly, sponsored a bill that merged the community of Sawyer with Sturgeon Bay.<ref>"Man Who Wed Sawyer and Sturgeon Bay Dies", Door County Advocate, August 1, 1924, pg. 1</ref>

The city is locally known for the Sturgeon Bay Bridge at Michigan Street, which at the time of its 1931 opening was the second across the bay and carried the former route of WIS 17 (now WIS 42 and WIS 57/78).

Sturgeon Bay was one of a number of cities in the Midwest to assist with production during World War II. In 1943, many streets received new names.<ref>"Town of Sturgeon Bay - Sturgeon Bay City Street Name Change Tables", Peninsula Genealogical Society, April 25, 2009</ref> The former names of some streets are stenciled into older sidewalks.<ref>Sturgeon Bay Sidewalk Stones Tour by the Door County Library, with photos by taken Door County Historical Museum staff, December 6, 2018</ref>

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Geography

At Template:Convert above sea level, Sturgeon Bay is located at Template:Coord (44.813376, −87.372076).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which, Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert is water.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sturgeon Bay is at the natural end of Sturgeon Bay.<ref>Map of the City of Sturgeon Bay, Door County Land Use Services Department, August 28, 2019 (Archived April 9, 2019)</ref> The Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal was built across the remainder of the Door Peninsula. It is one of several cities along Green Bay, including Green Bay, Marinette and Escanaba, Michigan, and along Lake Michigan north of Manitowoc and south of Manistique, Michigan.

Sturgeon Bay is Template:Convert north of Green Bay, Template:Convert north of Milwaukee, Template:Convert south of Houghton, Michigan and Template:Convert east of Minneapolis. Although Marinette is Template:Convert away, people must physically travel towards the bottom of the bay by Green Bay and travel along or nearby the western shore of Green Bay.

Stevens Hill

Stevens Hill is a populated place within the city of Sturgeon Bay, just to the northeast of the downtown.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The top of the hill has the highest elevation in the city.<ref name=BigHill>"Inventory of Outdoor Recreational Facilities: A. Municipal Facilities, 8. Lawrence Big Hill Park", City of Sturgeon Bay, 2020 in 2040 Comprehensive Plan Update, Draft #2, June 2020, page 8</ref> It is within Big Hill Park, which is 13.2 acres in area and is used for mountain biking, picnicking, and sledding.<ref name=BigHill/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Climate

Sturgeon Bay has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb).

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Demographics

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2010 census

At the 2010 census,<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">Template:Cite web</ref> there were 9,144 people, 4,288 households and 2,385 families. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 4,903 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial make-up was 95.1% White, 1.0% African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 1.0% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.7% of the population.

There were 4,288 households, of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.5% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.4% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.74.

The median age was 45.2 years. 19.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.5% were from 25 to 44; 31% were from 45 to 64; and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older. The sex make-up of the city was 48.1% male and 51.9% female.

2000 census

At the 2000 census,<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> there were 9,437 people, 4,048 households and 2,432 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 4,447 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial make-up of the city was 97.22% White, 0.33% Black or African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.28% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,048 households, of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.81% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were non-families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.92.

23.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.7% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.0 males.

The median household income was $31,935 and the median family income was $45,084. Males had a median income of $31,879 and females $21,414. The per capita income was $18,899. About 5.5% of families and 7.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Former Carnegie Free Library

The community has one movie theater, Sturgeon Bay Cinema 6, and a professional regional theatre, the Third Avenue Playhouse. Every year the town hosts Steel Bridge Songfest, where nationally known musicians and songwriters perform. Past performers include Jackson Browne, Jane Wiedlin of The Go-Go's and Pat MacDonald of Timbuk3.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The city owns 20 parks totaling Template:Convert, with Sunset Park as the largest at Template:Convert.<ref>Figure A.15. Public Park and Open Space, City of Sturgeon Bay, 2020 in 2040 Comprehensive Plan Update, Draft #2, June 2020, page A-23 (electronic page 123)</ref> The county owns Template:Convert of fairgrounds (John Miles County Park)<ref>29. John Miles County Park 2020 Outdoor Recreation Plan for the City of Sturgeon Bay, page 17</ref> and maintains Template:Convert of the Ahnapee Trail extending into the city limits. The Ice Age Trail diverges from the Ahnapee trail and passes through city limits for Template:Convert (mostly through city streets). It exits the city to reach its northern terminus at Potawatomi State Park. The Wisconsin DNR owns or maintains easements on two public properties in the city; 20 acres along Big Creek<ref>Crossroads at Big Creek (organization website)</ref> and 80 acres south of Strawberry Lane.<ref>Strawberry Creek Chinook Facility, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources</ref> Additionally, four private organizations maintain a total of Template:Convert of parks and other areas preserved for natural and historical purposes within and adjacent to the city.<ref>2040 Comprehensive Plan Update, Draft #2, June 2020, page A-13 (electronic page 113) and 2020 Outdoor Recreation Plan for the City of Sturgeon Bay, page 18
- "Cardy Paleo-Indian Site", Sturgeon Bay Historical Society
-Cardy Site on the Door County Web-Map</ref>

Education

Sturgeon Bay Northeast Wisconsin Technical College campus

The community is served by Sturgeon Bay High School and has a satellite campus of Northeast Wisconsin Technical College. Sturgeon Bay has two elementary schools, Sawyer and Sunrise. The middle school, T.J. Walker Middle School, is connected to the high school. The team of the Sturgeon Bay Schools is the Clippers, named after the type of boat. St. Peter's Lutheran School is a pre-K to 8th grade school of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Three former schools, Saint Peter and Paul, Corpus Christi and Saint Joseph, have combined to form Saint John Bosco.

Media

Sturgeon Bay had the Door County Advocate (now a subsidiary of Green Bay Press-Gazette) and numerous radio stations in the Door County Radio Market. No television stations originate from Sturgeon Bay and WFRV's and WLUK's remote-operated weather cameras are the only full-time presence of Green Bay stations in the city.

Transportation

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Highways

Bridges in the city include the Michigan Street Bridge (built 1929–1931), Bay View Bridge (built 1976–1978) and Oregon Street Bridge (built 2006–2008).<ref>"Paving underway on expressway to bridge", Door County Advocate, volume 116, no. 49, September 6, 1977, page 1</ref>

Water

Sturgeon Bay has a medium-sized port, and has received vessels as long as 1000 feet and a deadweight tonnage carrying capacity of 64,457 metric tonnes.<ref name=marinetraffic /> A major shipbuilding and repair facility and the Coast Guard Station Sturgeon Bay is located at the port.<ref>About this port: Port of Sturgeon Bay, wisconsinports.com, accessed July 1, 2022</ref> Most traffic comes from pleasure boats.<ref name =marinetraffic>Sturgeon Bay Port, marinetraffic.com, accessed July 1, 2022</ref> The dock at Graham Park is able to accommodate cruise boats.<ref>Cruise Boat Docking in Sturgeon Bay, Door County Pulse, June 29, 2022 and Cruise Ship Ocean Navigator Arriving in Port, Sturgeon Bay, WI by Mark Evenson, youtube.com, July 6, 2022</ref>

Airport

Sturgeon Bay is served by Door County Cherryland Airport Template:Airport codes, which is off of Wisconsin Highway 42 and 57 on County Highway PD.

Notable people

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References

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