Sun Moon Lake
Template:Short description Template:Infobox body of water
Sun Moon Lake (Template:Lang-zh; Thao: Zintun) is a lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the largest body of water in Taiwan. The area around the lake is home to the Thao people, one of Taiwan's indigenous ethnic groups.<ref name="chinapost">Template:Cite news</ref> Sun Moon Lake surrounds a tiny island called Lalu.<ref name="lalu">Template:Cite web</ref> The east side of the lake resembles a sun while the west side resembles a moon, hence the name.<ref name="jioulongkou">Template:Cite web</ref>
Sun Moon Lake is located Template:Convert above sea level. It is Template:Convert deep and has a surface area of approximately Template:Convert. The area surrounding the lake has many trails for hiking.<ref name="chinapost" />
While swimming in Sun Moon Lake is usually not permitted, there is an annual 3-km race called the Swimming Carnival of Sun Moon Lake held around the Mid-Autumn Festival each year.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The Sun Moon Lake Swimming Carnival was launched in 1983<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and is listed among the Top 50 Open Water Swims in Asia and the Top 100 Open Water Swims of the World.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Everyone over 10 years old and with the ability to swim long distances can join, regardless of nationality.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In recent years, the participants have numbered in the tens of thousands. Other festivities held at the same time include fireworks, laser shows, and concerts.
The lake and its surrounding countryside have been designated one of thirteen national scenic areas in Taiwan. Wen Wu Temple was built after rising water levels from building a dam forced several smaller temples to be removed.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Tzu-En Pagoda (Template:Lang-zh) was ordered constructed by late President Chiang Kai-shek in 1971 in memory of his mother.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Other temples of note include Jianjing Temple,<ref name="jioulongkou" /> Syuentzang Temple<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (Template:Lang-zh) and Syuanguang Temple<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (Template:Lang-zh).
History
In older English literature, it was commonly referred to as Lake Candidius after the 17th-century Dutch missionary Georgius Candidius. In the middle of the lake is the Lalu Island, which is considered holy ground by the Thao tribe.<ref name="lalu" /> In legend, Thao hunters discovered Sun Moon Lake while chasing a white deer through the surrounding mountains. The deer eventually led them to the lake, which they found to be not only beautiful, but abundant with fish.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Today, the white deer of legends is immortalized as a marble statue on Lalu Island.
Under Japanese rule, the island was renamed Template:Nihongo. After Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Government moved to Taiwan, the island was renamed Kwanghwa Island (Template:Lang-zh) and in 1978 the local government built a pavilion where annual weddings took place. In 1999, the 921 earthquake destroyed the pavilion and sank most of the island. In recent years, due to increasing social and political awareness, more deference and recognition are being given to Taiwanese aborigines. As a result, after the 921 earthquake, the island was renamed in the Thao language as "Lalu".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Moon lake was damed in 1919 by the Tosha Dam at the southern end of the original 'crescent' shape lake.
Power Plants
Several hydroelectric power plants have been built in the Sun Moon Lake since 1919, including Mingtan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant and Minhu Pumped Storage Hydro Power Station. When the first hydroelectric plant was finished in 1934, it was considered to be one of the most important infrastructure constructions of the time.Template:Citation needed Wujie Dam, also completed in 1934, diverts water from the Zhuoshui River to increase hydroelectric generation at the lake. The Jiji Line railroad was built to facilitate the construction.Template:Citation needed
Transportation
There are three ferry piers on the lake to serve ferries on the lake; they are Shuishe Pier, Xuanguang Pier and Ita Thao Pier. There is also a local bus service that goes around the lake with stops at major points along the perimeter of the lake.
The lake is accessible by bus from Taichung HSR station or Taichung TRA station.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It is also accessible by bus from near Checheng railway station on the Jiji branch line.
The Sun Moon Lake Ropeway, located at the edge of the lake, connects it with the Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Tourism
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The lake is a popular tourist destination for visitors in Taiwan. In 2020, the number of annual tourist visits was 4.65 million people which then dropped to 3.03 million in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2023, the number of tourists increased to 5.3 million.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Surrounding the lake are biking and hiking trails for visitors. The Xiangshan Visitor Center is located adjacent to the lake, allowing visitors an upward view of the water.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Wildlife
The lake is a productive aquatic ecosystem. Introduced giant snakehead pose a challenge to the ecological balance of the lake and are a threat to native fish and shrimp species. The Nantou County Bureau of Agricultural Affairs has in place an eradication program for the species which attempts to electrofish schools of juvenile fish.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
PRC passport
The depiction of Sun Moon Lake is featured in the newly-issued People's Republic of China passport in 2012, a move that has triggered protest from Taipei to Beijing.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Climate
See also
References
External links
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