Sundsvall

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Template:For Template:Use dmy dates Template:Expand Swedish Template:Infobox settlement Sundsvall (Template:IPA)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> is a city and the seat of Sundsvall Municipality in Västernorrland County, Sweden. It has a population of 58,807 as of 2020; more than 95,000 live in the municipal area. It is Sweden's 21st largest city by population. The Sundsvall old town is known as Stenstan, meaning stone city, with reference to the stone buildings from the late eighteen hundreds.

History

File:Suecia 2-063 ; Sundsvall.jpg
Sundsvall c. 1700, in Suecia antiqua et hodierna

The town was chartered in 1621, and a first urban plan for Sundsvall was probably created by Olof Bure in 1642, less likely in 1623.<ref name=Ahlberg>Nils Ahlberg, Stadsgrundningar och planförändringar : Svensk stadsplanering 1521–1721 Template:Webarchive, avhandling vid Institutionen för landskapsplanering Ultuna och Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, Stockholms universitet 2005, s. 550</ref> It has a port by the Gulf of Bothnia, and is located 395 km north of Stockholm. The city has burned down and been rebuilt four times.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first time, in 1721, it was set on fire by the Russian army during the Russian Pillage of 1719-1721.

According to one historian,Template:Who Swedish industrialism started in Sundsvall when the Tunadal sawmill bought a steam-engine driven saw in 1849. In the early 20th century Sundsvall was an even greater centre of forestry industry in Sweden than it is today. The first large Swedish strike was the "Sundsvall strike" in 1879.<ref>http://www.popularhistoria.se/o.o.i.s?id=43&vid=612Template:Dead link</ref> The industrial heritage makes social democrat and socialist sympathies more prevalent in the Sundsvall region than in Sweden as a whole.

File:Sundsvall brand 1888.jpg
The city was burnt on 25 June 1888.<ref name=sunsvall/>

In 1888 on 25 June, strong wind and dry conditions contributed to two city fires in Sweden on the same day. On this day both Umeå and Sundsvall caught fire.<ref name=sunsvall>Fire of 1888 Template:Webarchive, Sunsvall.se, retrieved 28 May 2014</ref> The Sundsvall fire was the largest in Sweden's history. It is presumed that the fire was caused by a spark from a steamship. After the fire, and unlike Umeå, the decision was to rebuild using stone. Sundsvall's centre was later nicknamed Stenstaden (the stone city). One advantage of the new construction was that within three years the town was arguing that it should be allowed reduced insurance as new rules had been brought in that applied to wooden towns. One disadvantage was that after the fire only the better off could afford to live in the centre.<ref name=rohland>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Today Sundsvall is not only dominated by the pulp and paper industry, and the aluminium production but there are also banks, insurance companies, telecommunications administration and a number of large public data-processing centres such as the national social insurance board. The main campus of the Mid Sweden University (Mittuniversitetet) is also located in the city. The university, established in 1993, is a collaboration between Östersund, Sundsvall and Härnösand.

Climate

Sundsvall has a climate which is on the border between subarctic (Dfc) and cold humid continental (Dfb), leaning towards the latter in recent years. Temperatures are made significantly milder and regulated by the influence from the Gulf Stream. The weather station is located Template:Convert to the north and somewhat further inland near Timrå, which renders that Sundsvall's urban centre is likely milder in terms of low temperatures by some degree.

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Culture

During 1987–2013, there was a summer music festival called Gatufesten. Starting in 2014 there's a new one called Hamnyran. There are two theatres and various musical venues. There is also a small guitar festival and a larger heavy metal festival every autumn called Nordfest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sundsvall is also home to the unique festival Musikschlaget,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which is a song contest for groups around Sweden with disabilities.

Transport

The city is served by Sundsvall-Timrå Airport, also known as Midlanda. The airport provides direct flights to Stockholm which are operated by Scandinavian Airlines.

Sport

Former

Notable people

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See also

References

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