Superficial X-rays
Template:Refimprove Template:Infobox medical intervention Superficial X-rays are low-energy X-rays that do not penetrate very far before they are absorbed. They are produced by X-ray tubes operating at voltages in the 10–100 kV range, and therefore have peak energies in the 10–100 keV range.<ref name="IAEAradonc">Template:Cite book</ref> The Maximar-100 was a widely-adopted superficial radiation therapy unit.
Precise naming and definitions of energy ranges may vary, and X-rays at the lower end of this range may also be known as Grenz rays.<ref name="Chang">Template:Cite book</ref> They are useful in radiation therapy for the treatment of various benign or malignant skin problems, including skin cancer and severe eczema.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> They have a useful depth of up to 5 mm.<ref name="Chang" /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In some locations, orthovoltage treatment is being replaced by electron therapy or brachytherapy.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
As well as teletherapy, X-rays in this energy range (and the low orthovoltage range) are used for imaging patients, to analyse materials and objects in industrial radiography and for crystallography.
References
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