Tanganyika African National Union

The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) was the principal political party in the struggle for sovereignty in the East African state of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). The party was formed from the Tanganyika African Association by seventeen founders on 7th July 1954, namely S. M. Kitwana, Kisung'uta Gabara, John Rupia, Japhet Nkura Kirilo, Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Germano Pacha, Abubakar Ilanga, Joseph Kimalando, Dossa Aziz, Tewa Said Tewa, Constantine Oswald Milinga, Lameck Makaranga Bugohe, Patrick George Kunambi, Joseph Kasella Bantu, Ally Sykes, Abdulwahid Sykes and Saadan Abdul Kandoro.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> From 1964, the party was called the Tanzania African National Union. On 5th February 1977, the TANU merged with the ruling party in Zanzibar, the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), to form the current Revolutionary State Party or Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). The policy of TANU was to build and maintain a socialist state aiming towards economic self-sufficiency and to eradicate corruption and exploitation, with the major means of production and exchange under the control of the peasants and workers (Ujamaa-Essays on Socialism; "The Arusha Declaration").

Julius Nyerere was the first President of Tanzania, serving from the 1960s to 1985. In 1962, Nyerere and TANU created the Ministry of National Culture and Youth. Nyerere felt the creation of the ministry was necessary in order to deal with some of the challenges and contradictions of building a nation-state and a national culture after 70 years of colonialism.<ref>Music and Performance in Funerals & Love Songs</ref> The government of Tanzania sought to create an innovative public space where Tanzanian popular culture could develop and flourish. By incorporating the varied traditions and customs of all the people of Tanzania, Nyerere hoped to promote a sense of pride, thus creating a national culture.<ref>Lemelle, Sidney J. "'Ni wapi Tunakwenda': Hip Hop Culture and the Children of Arusha." In The Vinyl Ain't Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, 230-54. London; Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Pres</ref>

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election	Party candidate	Votes	%	Result
1962	Julius Nyerere	1,127,987	98.1%	Elected Template:Y
1965		2,520,904	96.5%	Elected Template:Y
1970		3,220,636	96.7%	Elected Template:Y
1975		4,172,267	93.3%	Elected Template:Y

Bunge elections

Election	Party leader	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Position	Result
1958–59	Julius Nyerere	47,685	74.4%	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 30	Template:Increase 1st	Template:Yes2
1960		100,581	82.8%	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 40	Template:Steady 1st	Template:Yes2
1965		2,263,830	100%	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 118	Template:Steady 1st	Template:Yes2
1970		Template:Small	66.6%	Template:Composition bar	Template:Decrease 82	Template:Steady 1st	Template:Yes2
1975		4,474,267	100%	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 117	Template:Steady 1st	Template:Yes2

Notes

In the 1958–59 TANU won all seats contested; the remaining 34 seats were appointed.

The Afro-Shirazi party was the sole legal party in Zanzibar, which is an autonomous region.

External links

• http://www.tanserve.com/facts/index_files/history.htm