Toto IV

Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox album Template:Music ratings Toto IV is the fourth studio album by American rock band Toto, released on April 8, 1982, by Columbia Records.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The album's lead single, "Rosanna", peaked at number 2 for five weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, while the album's third single, "Africa", topping the Hot 100 chart, became the group's first and only number 1 hit.<ref name="USA singles">[[[:Template:BillboardURLbyName]] Toto USA chart history], Billboard.com. Retrieved September 10, 2011.</ref> Both songs were hits in the UK as well, reaching number 12 and 3, respectively.<ref name="UK Charts">Toto UK chart history Template:Webarchive, The Official Charts. Retrieved September 10, 2011.</ref> The fourth single, "I Won't Hold You Back", also peaked within the top ten on the Hot 100, at number 10 and atop the Billboard Adult Contemporary charts for three weeks.<ref name="USA singles"/> It also went into the top 40 in the UK.<ref name="UK Charts"/> With the success of "Africa", the album climbed back into the top 10 in early 1983 on both sides of the Atlantic.

Toto IV received six Grammy Awards in 1983 including Album of the Year, Producer of the Year for the band, and Record of the Year for "Rosanna". It reached number four on the Billboard 200 album charts in the United States, shortly after its release. It also reached the top ten in other countries, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Italy, Norway, the United Kingdom, and Japan. It was also the last Toto album to feature their original bassist David Hungate until his return in 2014 (with the release of their 2015 album Toto XIV) when he was replaced by Mike Porcaro after the band’s recording of the album, and also the final album to feature original lead vocalist Bobby Kimball until his comeback in 1998 (with the release of the 1999 album Mindfields).

Background

After the success of their self-titled debut, Toto struggled to sustain success on their next two albums, Hydra and Turn Back. The band was under heavy pressure from Columbia Records to deliver a hit album with their next release or be at risk of being dropped from the label.

The band went back to the formula that helped them succeed on their first album, having an album that touched on many different genres of music. They also utilized many outside musicians to help give the sound a more polished, fuller feel than they had on past albums.

This was the final album with the original Toto lineup. David Hungate, who moved to Nashville during the recording of the album, left the band to spend more time with his family. Two years later, shortly after beginning recording of their follow-up album, Bobby Kimball was fired by the band due to drug issues that were damaging his voice.

The band delayed touring after the release of the album to instead help in the production of Michael Jackson's Thriller album, as well as collaborating on Chicago's comeback album Chicago 16 that same year.

Production

Recording took place across several months in 1981 and 1982, and the band was allowed a much larger than average recording budget. At a time when most bands were using a single 24-track recorder, Toto used as many as three separate 24-track recorders simultaneously.<ref name="Mix Online">Classic Tracks: Toto's "Africa" Template:Webarchive, Mix Online. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</ref>

The multiple 24-track recorders were linked via a computerized SMPTE timecode system. One track of each machine contained the timecode synchronization signal, while 22 of the remaining 23 tracks of each reel were available for audio track recordings. (Typically, on analog 24-track recorders SMPTE was recorded on track 24, and the track next to it left blank to avoid any cross-talk or bleed over from the time code.) A significant number of tracks were copied and mixed down from those already recorded on another synchronized tape reel. This process lowered the amount of wear on the first generation tapes and helped maintain high quality sound during the extensive overdubbing and mixing process.<ref name="Mix Online"/>

Cover art

Philip Garris's original emblem from the Toto album was updated to show four rings since this was their fourth album. The newer looking, well-polished ring around the hilt of the sword represented their latest work. Each successive ring showed a little more wear and a few more chips which represented the band's previous records.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Personnel

Adapted from the album's liner notes.<ref>Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>

Toto

• Bobby Kimball – lead vocals Template:Small, backing vocals Template:Small
• Steve Lukather – guitars, lead vocals Template:Small, backing vocals Template:Small, piano Template:Small
• David Paich – keyboards, lead vocals Template:Small, backing vocals Template:Small
• Steve Porcaro – keyboards, lead vocals Template:Small
• David Hungate – bass guitar
• Jeff Porcaro – drums, percussion

Additional musicians

• Lenny Castro – congas and percussion Template:Small
• Tom Scott – saxophone Template:Small
• Jim Horn – saxophone Template:Small, recorders Template:Small
• Jerry Hey – trumpet Template:Small
• Gary Grant – trumpet Template:Small
• Jimmy Pankow – trombone Template:Small
• Tom Kelly – backing vocals Template:Small
• Jon Smith – saxophone Template:Small
• Timothy B. Schmit – backing vocals Template:Small
• The Martyn Ford Orchestra – strings Template:Small
• James Newton Howard – conductor Template:Small
• Mike Porcaro – cello Template:Small
• Joe Porcaro – percussion Template:Small, xylophone Template:Small, tympani Template:Small, marimba Template:Small
• Ralph Dyck – synthesizers Template:Small

Production

• Toto – producers
• Al Schmitt – engineer Template:Small
• Tom Knox – engineer Template:Small
• Greg Ladanyi – engineer Template:Small, mixing
• George Marino – mastering (at Sterling Sound, New York)
• David Leonard; Peggy McCreary; Terry Christian – additional engineers (at Sunset Sound, Los Angeles)
• Jamie Ledner; Niko Bolas; Lon LeMaster – additional engineers (at Record One, Los Angeles)
• John Kurlander – strings engineer Template:Small (at Abbey Road Studio, London)
• David Paich; Steve Porcaro; Dick Gall; Bruce Heigh – additional engineers (at "Hogg Manor")
• Jerry Hey – horn arrangements Template:Small
• David Paich – horn arrangements Template:Small, orchestral arrangements Template:Small
• James Newton Howard – orchestral arrangements Template:Small
• Marty Paich – orchestral arrangements Template:Small
• Roger Linn – synthesizer programming Template:Small

Artwork

• Jeff Porcaro – album package concept
• Joe Spencer – illustration
• Sam Emerson; Glen Christensen; Jim Hagopian – photography

Charts

Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for Toto IV

Chart (1982–1983)	Peak position
Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart<ref name="auchart">Template:Cite book</ref>	1
Canadian Albums Chart<ref name="hotw">Template:Cite book</ref>	1
Dutch Mega Albums Chart<ref name="nlchart">Template:Cite web</ref>	1
French SNEP Albums Chart<ref name="fracharts">Template:Cite web</ref>	16
German Media Control Albums Chart<ref name="dechart">Template:Cite web</ref>	12
Japanese Oricon LP Chart<ref name="Jachart">Template:Cite book</ref>	3
New Zealand Albums Chart<ref name="NZchart">Template:Cite web</ref>	9
Norwegian VG-lista Albums Chart<ref name="Nochart">Template:Cite web</ref>	2
Swedish Albums Chart<ref name="sechart">Template:Cite web</ref>	17
UK Albums Chart<ref name="UKchart">Template:Cite web</ref>	4
US Billboard 200<ref name="USchart">Template:Cite web</ref>	4

Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for Toto IV

Chart (1982)	Position
Canadian Albums Chart<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	60
Dutch Albums Chart<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	10
French Albums Chart<ref name="frayearend">Template:Cite web</ref>	21
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	16
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	36
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	41
Chart (1983)	Position
Australian Albums Chart<ref name="auchart"/>	21
Canadian Albums Chart<ref name="CAYearend83">Template:Cite magazine</ref>	16
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	46
UK Albums Chart<ref name="UKYearend">Template:Cite web</ref>	39
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	11