United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
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The Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry is a committee of the United States Senate empowered with legislative oversight of all matters relating to the nation's agriculture industry, farming programs, forestry and logging, and legislation relating to nutrition, home economics, and rural development.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The current chair is Republican John Boozman of Arkansas, and the ranking member is Democrat Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota.
History
Founded in 1825 the committee was formed at the request of Senator William Findlay from Pennsylvania. Arguing that agriculture was as important to national progress as commerce and manufacturing, Findlay succeeded in persuading the full Senate to divide the Committee on Commerce and Manufactures into two separate committees. The Committee on Agriculture was formed by resolution on December 9, 1825.<ref name=register-of-debates>Template:Cite book</ref>
During the first four decades of the existence of this committee, the need for it was repeatedly called into question. At that time in America, nearly two-thirds of the population was directly engaged in agriculture.<ref name=register-of-debates /> As such, issues related to agriculture overlapped with areas covered by other committees and were often referred to those committees instead of the Agriculture Committee.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Following a debate over the necessity of various committees to have need of the services of a dedicated clerk, a Special Committee was formed to investigate ways to "reduce the number and increase the efficiency of the committees."<ref>Congressional Globe, December 23, 1856, pp. 182–184.</ref> On February 17, 1857, the Special Committee submitted a plan of reorganization for the committees that did not include the Agriculture Committee. During a special session of the Senate, on March 5, 1857, the Senate approved the Special Committees recommendations and the Committee on Agriculture was dissolved.<ref>Journal of the Senate, March 5, 1857, p. 386.</ref>
In 1862, the country was embroiled in the Civil War, a large influx of immigrants was occurring and the nation was moving towards industrialization. That year, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Organic Act recreating the Department of Agriculture.<ref>Daniel J. Boorstin (1973), The Americans: The Democratic Experience p. 119, New York: Vintage Press.</ref>
It became the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry in 1884, a reflection of the growing importance of forests to the country's needs.<ref>U.S. Senate (1976). Temporary Select Committee to Study the Senate Committee System, p. 15. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.</ref> It was renamed again to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry in 1977. Nutrition was added to the name after the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 directed the Department of Agriculture to "conduct more human nutrition research, establish a national nutrition education program and develop a system to monitor America's nutritional status".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Jurisdiction
In accordance of Rule XXV of the United States Senate, all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the following subjects are referred to the Agriculture Committee:
- Agricultural economics and research.
- Agricultural extension services and experiment stations.
- Agricultural production, marketing, and stabilization of prices.
- Agriculture and agricultural commodities.
- Animal industry and diseases.
- Crop insurance and soil conservation.
- Farm credit and farm security.
- Food from fresh waters.
- Food stamp programs.
- Forestry, and forest reserves and wilderness areas other than those created from the public domain.
- Home economics.
- Human nutrition.
- Inspection of livestock, meat, and agricultural products.
- Pests and pesticides.
- Plant industry, soils, and agricultural engineering.
- Rural development, rural electrification, and watersheds.
- School nutrition programs.<ref name="Committee"/>
The Agriculture Committee is also charged "to study and review, on a comprehensive basis, matters relating to food, nutrition, and hunger, both in the United States and in foreign countries, and rural affairs, and report thereon from time to time."<ref name="Committee">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} Template:PD-notice</ref>
Members, 119th Congress
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| Majority<ref>Template:USBill, Template:USBill (119th Congress)</ref> | Minority<ref>Template:USBill (119th Congress)</ref> |
|---|---|
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Subcommittees
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Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Derivatives, Risk Management, and Trade | Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS) | Cory Booker (D-NJ) | |
| Conservation, Forestry, Natural Resources, and Biotechnology | Roger Marshall (R-KS) | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | |
| Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, and Food Safety | John Hoeven (R-ND) | Elissa Slotkin (D-MI) | |
| Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research | Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | John Fetterman (D-PA) | |
| Rural Development, Energy, and Credit | Joni Ernst (R-IA) | Peter Welch (D-VT) |
Leadership
The committee, under its various names, has been chaired by the below.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-105sdoc24/html/append4.html</ref>
Committee on Agriculture, 1825–1857
Committee on Agriculture, 1863–1884
| Name | Party | State | Start | End | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Ohio | 1863 | 1864 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Kansas | 1864 | 1865 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Ohio | 1865 | 1867 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Pennsylvania | 1867 | 1871 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Indiana | 1871 | 1872 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | New Jersey | 1872 | 1877 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Nebraska | 1877 | 1879 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Virginia | 1879 | 1881 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Readjuster/Republican | Virginia | 1881 | 1883 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | New York | 1883 | 1884 |
| Name | Party | State | Start | End | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Kentucky | 1863 | 1865 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Kentucky | 1865 | 1868 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Kentucky | 1868 | 1871 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | West Virginia | 1871 | 1873 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Maryland | 1873 | 1875 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | West Virginia | 1875 | 1879 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Nebraska | 1879 | 1881 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | West Virginia | 1881 | 1883 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Mississippi | 1883 | 1884 |
Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, 1884–1977
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 1977–present
| Name | Party | State | Start | End | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Georgia | 1977 | 1981 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | North Carolina | 1981 | 1987 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Vermont | 1987 | 1995 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Indiana | 1995 | 2001 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Iowa | 2001<ref>At the beginning of the 107th Congress in January 2001 the Senate was evenly divided. With a Democratic president and vice president still serving until January 20, the Democratic vice president was available to break a tie, and the Democrats thus controlled the Senate for 17 days, from January 3 to January 20. On January 3 the Senate adopted S. Res. 7 designating Democratic senators as committee chairs to serve during this period and Republican chairs to serve effective at noon on January 20, 2001.</ref> | |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Indiana | 2001 | |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Iowa | 2001 | 2003<ref>On June 6, 2001, the Democrats took control of the Senate after Senator James Jeffords (VT) changed from the
Republican Party to Independent and announced that he would caucus with the Democrats.</ref> |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Mississippi | 2003 | 2005 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Georgia | 2005 | 2007 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Iowa | 2007 | 2009 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Arkansas | 2009 | 2011 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Michigan | 2011 | 2015 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Kansas | 2015 | 2021 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Democratic | Michigan | 2021 | 2025 |
| Template:Sortname | Template:Party color cell | Republican | Arkansas | 2025 | present |
Historical committee rosters
118th Congress
| Majority<ref>Template:USBill (118th Congress)</ref> | Minority<ref>Template:USBill (118th Congress)</ref> |
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- Subcommittees
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Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Risk Management and Trade | Tina Smith (D-MN) | Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS) | |
| Conservation, Climate, Forestry, and Natural Resources | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | Roger Marshall (R-KS) | |
| Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, Local Food Systems, and Food Safety and Security | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) | John Hoeven (R-ND) | |
| Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research | John Fetterman (D-PA) | Mike Braun (R-IN) | |
| Rural Development and Energy | Peter Welch (D-VT) | Tommy Tuberville (R-AL) |
117th Congress
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| Majority | Minority |
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- Subcommittees
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Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets and Trade | Raphael Warnock (D-GA) | John Hoeven (R-ND) | |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | Roger Marshall (R-KS) | |
| Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, Local Food Systems, and Food Safety and Security | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) | Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS) | |
| Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research | Cory Booker (D-NJ) | Mike Braun (R-IN) | |
| Rural Development and Energy | Tina Smith (D-MN) | Joni Ernst (R-IA) |
116th Congress
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| Majority | Minority |
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- Subcommittees
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Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets and Trade | John Boozman (R-AR) | Sherrod Brown (D-OH) | |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | Mike Braun (R-IN) | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | |
| Livestock, Marketing and Agriculture Security | Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS) | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) | |
| Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops | Deb Fischer (R-NE) | Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA) | |
| Rural Development and Energy | Joni Ernst (R-IA) | Tina Smith (D-MN) |
Source <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
115th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
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|
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|
- Subcommittees
| Subcommittees<ref name=":0" /> | Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets and Trade | John Boozman (R-AR) | Heidi Heitkamp (D-ND) |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | Steve Daines (R-MT) | Michael Bennet (D-CO) |
| Livestock, Marketing and Agriculture Security | David Perdue (R-GA) | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) |
| Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops | Luther Strange (R-AL) | Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA) |
| Rural Development and Energy | Joni Ernst (R-IA) | Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) |
114th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
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|
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|
- Subcommittees
| Subcommittees<ref name=":0" /> | Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets and Trade | John Boozman (R-AR) | Heidi Heitkamp (D-ND) |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | David Perdue (R-GA) | Michael Bennet (D-CO) |
| Livestock, Marketing and Agriculture Security | Ben Sasse (R-NE) | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) |
| Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops | John Hoeven (R-ND) | Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA) |
| Rural Development and Energy | Joni Ernst (R-IA) | Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) |
113th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
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- Subcommittees
| Subcommittees<ref name=":0" /> | Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets and Trade | Joe Donnelly (D-IN) | Saxby Chambliss (R-GA) |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | John Boozman (R-AR) |
| Livestock, Marketing and Agriculture Security | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) | Pat Roberts (R-KS) |
| Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops | Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA) | John Hoeven (R-ND) |
| Rural Development and Energy | Heidi Heitkamp (D-ND) | Mike Johanns (R-NE) |
112th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
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Subcommittees
| Subcommittees<ref name=":0" /> | Chair | Ranking members |
|---|---|---|
| Commodities, Markets, Trade, and Risk Management | Ben Nelson (D-NE) | Saxby Chambliss (R-GA) |
| Conservation, Forestry and Natural Resources | Michael Bennet (D-CO) | John Boozman (R-AR) |
| Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, Marketing, and Agriculture Security | Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) | Mike Johanns (R-NE) |
| Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Food, and Agricultural Research | Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA) | Richard G. Lugar (R-IN) |
| Jobs, Rural Economic Growth, and Energy Innovation | Sherrod Brown (D-OH) | John Thune (R-SD) |
111th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
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110th Congress
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
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See also
- List of United States Senate committees
- United States House Committee on Agriculture (House counterpart)
References
External links
- Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee (Archive)
- Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee. Legislation activity and reports, Congress.gov.
- The United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 1825 – 1998 (including Committee membership lists),
- Government Printing Office: Committee reports, 106th Congress-present
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission
- Farm Credit Administration
- Rules of the United States Senate
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