USS Portsmouth (CL-102)
Template:Short description Template:Other ships Template:Use shortened footnotes Template:Use dmy dates
Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship careerTemplate:Infobox ship characteristicsUSS Portsmouth was a Template:Sclass light cruiser of the United States Navy, which were built during World War II. The class was designed as a development of the earlier Template:Sclasss, the size of which had been limited by the First London Naval Treaty. The start of the war led to the dissolution of the treaty system, but the dramatic need for new vessels precluded a new design, so the Clevelands used the same hull as their predecessors, but were significantly heavier. The Clevelands carried a main battery of twelve [[6"/47 caliber gun|Template:Convert guns]] in four three-gun turrets, along with a secondary armament of twelve [[5"/38 caliber gun|Template:Cvt]] dual-purpose guns. They had a top speed of Template:Convert. Portsmouth was laid down in 1943, launched in September 1944, and commissioned in June 1945. By the time she completed her initial sea trials, the war had ended, so her career was short and uneventful. She made three overseas cruises to visit ports in Africa and the Mediterranean Sea between 1946 and 1948 before conducting training cruises later in 1948. The following year, she was decommissioned and assigned to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, where she remained until 1970, when she was broken up.
Design
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The Cleveland-class light cruisers traced their origin to design work done in the late 1930s; at the time, light cruiser displacement was limited to Template:Cvt by the Second London Naval Treaty. Following the start of World War II in September 1939, Britain announced it would suspend the treaty for the duration of the conflict, a decision the US Navy quickly followed. Though still neutral, the United States recognized that war was likely and the urgent need for additional ships ruled out an entirely new design, so the Clevelands were a close development of the earlier Template:Sclasss, the chief difference being the substitution of a two-gun Template:Cvt dual-purpose gun mount for one of the main battery Template:Cvt gun turrets.Template:Sfn
Portsmouth was Template:Convert long overall and had a beam of Template:Convert and a draft of Template:Convert. Her standard displacement amounted to Template:Convert and increased to Template:Convert at full load. The ship was powered by four General Electric steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four oil-fired Babcock & Wilcox boilers. Rated at Template:Convert, the turbines were intended to give a top speed of Template:Convert. Her crew numbered 1285 officers and enlisted men.Template:Sfn
The ship was armed with a main battery of twelve 6 in /47-caliber Mark 16 gunsTemplate:Efn in four 3-gun turrets on the centerline. Two were placed forward in a superfiring pair; the other two turrets were placed aft of the superstructure in another superfiring pair. The secondary battery consisted of twelve [[5"/38 caliber gun|Template:Cvt /38-caliber]] dual-purpose guns mounted in twin turrets. Two of these were placed on the centerline, one directly behind the forward main turrets and the other just forward of the aft turrets. Two more were placed abreast of the conning tower and the other pair on either side of the aft superstructure. Anti-aircraft defense consisted of twenty-eight [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|Bofors Template:Cvt guns]] in four quadruple and six double mounts and ten [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|Oerlikon Template:Cvt guns]] in single mounts.Template:Sfn
The ship's belt armor ranged in thickness from Template:Cvt, with the thicker section amidships where it protected the ammunition magazines and propulsion machinery spaces. Her deck armor was Template:Cvt thick. The main battery turrets were protected with Template:Cvt faces and Template:Cvt sides and tops, and they were supported by barbettes 6 inches thick. PortsmouthTemplate:'s conning tower had 5-inch sides.Template:Sfn
Service history
Portsmouth was laid down at the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia on 28 June 1943. She was launched on 20 September 1944 and was commissioned on 25 June 1945 with the hull number CL-102.Template:Sfn The ship then embarked on her initial shakedown cruise that took Portsmouth as far south as Cuba. She was thereafter based in Norfolk, Virginia; by that time, World War II had ended, precluding any significant wartime service. The ship was assigned to the Operational Development Force, serving with that unit into 1946. Portsmouth embarked on a goodwill cruise to visit various ports in Africa, including Cape Town, South Africa; Lagos, Nigeria; Freetown, Sierra Leone; Monrovia, Liberia; Dakar, French Senegal; and Casablanca, French Morocco. From there, she continued into the Mediterranean Sea to visit Naples and Palermo, Italy. She thereafter returned to the United States.Template:Sfn
The ship began another cruise to the Mediterranean on 25 November. She reached Naples on 7 December and then entered the Adriatic Sea, steaming as far north as Trieste by the end of December. She patrolled the area through February 1947, during a period of tension in the region in the aftermath of World War II. In March, she spent two weeks back in Trieste, and in April, she left the Mediterranean for home. A third Mediterranean cruise began in November and concluded with her arrival in Boston on 11 March 1948. She underwent an overhaul there and then took part in routine training operations off the East Coast of the United States. During this period, she also conducted training cruises for United States Navy Reserve personnel to the Caribbean. She sailed to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for a final overhaul in preparation of being reduced to the reserve fleet. She was decommissioned on 15 June 1949 and allocated to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. She remained in the Navy's inventory through 1970.Template:Sfn She was stricken from the naval register on 1 December that year and subsequently broken up.Template:Sfn