Voiced retroflex plosive

A voiced retroflex plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angle bracket. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a d, the letter that is used for the corresponding alveolar consonant. Many South Asian languages, such as Hindi and Urdu, have a two-way contrast between plain and murmured (breathy voice) Template:IPA.

Features

File:Voiced retroflex plosive.svg

Features of a voiced retroflex stop:

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Asturian	Astierna dialect	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'tongue'	Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects. See Che Vaqueira
Balochi		Template:Script/dèl	Template:IPA	'female donkey'
Bengali<ref name="mazumdar">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'robber'	Apical postalveolar.<ref name="mazumdar"/> See Bengali phonology
English	Indian dialects	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'to eat'	Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects. See English phonology
	General American	herd	[hɚɖ]	'herd'	Allophone of /d/ before /ɹ/ or /ɚ/
Fon		ɖù	Template:IPA	'to celebrate'
Gujarati<ref name="khatiwada">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'bone'	Subapical.<ref name="khatiwada"/> See Gujarati phonology
Hindustani<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref name="tiwari">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'to put'	Apical postalveolar.<ref name="tiwari"/> See Hindustani phonology
Javanese		Template:Lang/dhahar/[[Pegon script|Template:Script]]	Template:IPA	'to eat'
Kannada		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'to join'
Maba		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'false'
Malayalam		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Pandavas'
Marathi<ref name="khatiwada"/>		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'bone'	Subapical.<ref name="khatiwada"/> See Marathi phonology
Nepali		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'fear'	Apical postalveolar. See Nepali phonology
Nihali		Template:IPA		'one'
Norwegian		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'beacon'	See Norwegian phonology
Odia		Template:Lang/ḍaṅgā	Template:IPA	'boat'	Apical postalveolar.
Pashto		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'full'
Punjabi		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'frog'
Sardinian		Template:Lang	Template:Audio-IPA	'brain'
Sicilian		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'neck'
Sindhi		واڍو/vāḍho/वाढो	[ʋɑɖʱo]	'carpenter'
Sinhala		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'stomach'
Somali		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'earth, land, ground'	See Somali phonology
Swedish		Template:Lang	Template:Audio-IPA	'north'	See Swedish phonology
Tamil<ref name="khatiwada"/><ref name="keane">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'cart'	Subapical;<ref name="khatiwada"/> allophone of Template:IPA.<ref name="keane"/> See Tamil phonology
Telugu		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'rod'	Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. Aspirated form articulated as breathy consonant.
Torwali<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'late afternoon'	Realised as Template:IPA between vowels.

See also

• African D
• Index of phonetics articles

References

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External links

• Template:Phoible