Whipped-cream charger
Template:Short description Template:Redirect-distinguish2 Template:More citations needed
A whipped cream charger (colloquially called a whippet, nos or nang when used recreationally<ref name="ABC News (Australia) - 19 October 2017 - Doctors warn of dangerous rise in use of ">Template:Cite news</ref>) is a steel cylinder or cartridge filled with nitrous oxide (N2O) that is used as a whipping agent in whipped cream. The narrow end of a charger has a foil covering that is broken to release the gas. This is usually done by a sharp pin inside the whipping siphon.
Nitrous oxide is a popular recreational drug, and whipped cream chargers are a convenient source of the gas.
Description
The cylinders are about Template:Convert long by Template:Convert wide, with a volume of Template:Convert and capacity for most brands of Template:Convert of pressurized N2O. Their walls are about Template:Convert thick to withstand the pressure of the gas, and they are rounded at one end with a narrow tip at the other end. While refillable chargers were once available, all chargers are now non-refillable; the latter consist entirely of recyclable steel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Production
In Europe, where the production and use of whip cream chargers originated, there are presentlyTemplate:When three factories involved in its production. Their standard capacity is 7.8 grams of nitrous oxide.Template:Cn
Application
Whipped cream chargers are intended for low-volume or occasional use, such as home kitchens, restaurants, and coffee shop applications.
For very high volume commercial use, there are regulated tank systems for filling much larger containers and dispensing more whipped cream. These are desirable if the volume is more than a production level of ten litres per hour.
Uses
Culinary
Nitrous oxide is used because it dissolves easily into the cream, and does not cause the cream to oxidize while it is in the can. The cream must have a minimum fat content of 28% to produce whipped cream with a dispenser. The recipe for the cream to be whipped typically calls for heavy cream and sugar, along with any desired flavorings or colorings. In a sealed container, this cream is pressurized with nitrous oxide, which dissolves into the cream as per its lipophilicity.
When the cream dispenser's valve is opened, the cream solution is expelled by the high pressure inside. The change in pressure causes some of the dissolved gas to return to bubbles, effectively fluffing up the cream. Nitrous oxide is bacteriostatic (it inhibits bacteria growth), so a charged cream dispenser can be kept in the refrigerator for up to two weeks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Recreational drug
Because of their availability, chargers are usually the method of choice for users seeking to use nitrous oxide recreationally.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Tanks of medical-grade nitrous oxide are difficult to obtain, and vehicle-grade nitrous oxide contains substances such as sulfur dioxide to prevent human consumption. Chargers are cheaply available in many stores and online.
To inhale from a charger, users either fill a balloon using a cracker, fill an empty whipped cream dispenser and inhale from it, or likewise use a dispenser to fill a balloon as the potentially rapid rush of gas from the spout of the dispenser may be too harsh. Inhaling directly from a cracker is particularly dangerous due to the risk of developing frostbite on the inside of the mouth or esophagus.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 8 gram nitrous oxide steel cylinder charger when discharged into an empty whipped cream dispenser creates a pressure of 30 pounds per square inch (200kPa) and delivers 3.24 litres of nitrous oxide gas.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Model rocketry
Whipped cream chargers are also used by model rocket enthusiasts for micro hybrid engines, where it acts as an oxidizer for solid fuels such as polyethylene, HTPB, or paraffin wax. NO2 acts as a great way to light most solid propellants and keep the combustion going. However they contain N2O. Due to the max volume of whipped cream chargers they are only used in small scale engines and not anything larger than about 29 mm in diameter.