White River (Missouri River tributary)

Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Infobox river The White River is a Missouri River tributary that flows Template:Convert<ref name=NHD>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> through the U.S. states of Nebraska and South Dakota. The name stems from the water's white-gray color, a function of eroded sand, clay, and volcanic ash carried by the river<ref>Benke and Cushing, p. 445</ref> from its source near the Badlands.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Draining a basin of about Template:Convert,<ref name ="Benke and Cushing 471"/> about Template:Convert of which is in South Dakota,<ref name=hogan>Template:Cite book</ref> the stream flows through a region of sparsely populated hills, plateaus, and badlands.<ref>Benke and Cushing, p. 449</ref> Template:Stack The White River rises in northwestern Nebraska, in the Pine Ridge escarpment north of Harrison, at an elevation of Template:Convert above sea level.<ref name="source"/> It flows southeast then northeast past Fort Robinson and north of Crawford. It crosses into southwestern South Dakota and flows north across the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, then northeast, receiving Wounded Knee Creek and flowing between units of Badlands National Park. It flows east-northeast and southeast at the northern edge of the reservation, forming the northern boundary of the reservation and the southern boundary of Buffalo Gap National Grassland. It receives the Little White River about Template:Convert south of Murdo, and flows east to join the Missouri in Lake Francis Case about Template:Convert southwest of Chamberlain.<ref>Template:Cite map</ref>

The river sometimes has no surface flow due to the dry climate surrounding its badlands and prairie basin, though thunderstorms can cause brief intense flow. The river near Chamberlain flows year-round. As of 2001, the White River had generally good-quality water.<ref name=hogan />

Industrial use

As of November 2019, TC Energy was applying for permits in the state to tap the White River to use water for the construction of Phase 4 of the Keystone pipeline, including camp construction to house transient construction workers.<ref name="ap">Template:Cite news</ref>

See also

• Template:C
• List of rivers of Nebraska
• List of rivers of South Dakota

Works cited

• Benke, Arthur C., ed., and Cushing, Colbert E., ed.; Galat, David L.; Berry, Charles R., Jr.; Peters, Edward J., and White, Robert G. (2005). "Chapter 10: Missouri River Basin" in Rivers of North America. Burlington, Massachusetts: Elsevier Academic Press. Template:ISBN.