Winlock, Washington
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Winlock (Template:IPAc-en) is a city in Lewis County, Washington, United States. The population was 1,472 at the 2020 census,<ref name="2020 Census (City)">Template:Cite web</ref> and was estimated to be 2,515 in 2024.<ref name="USCensusEst2024"/> It was named after territorial army general, William Winlock Miller,<ref name=majors>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=hale>Template:Cite book</ref> who briefly resided there. Winlock is mostly famous for having the World's Largest Egg,<ref>"World's Largest Egg". Roadside America. Retrieved January 16, 2012.</ref> reflecting its former status as a major producer of eggs. Early in its history, Winlock attracted many immigrants from Finland, Germany, and Sweden.
History
Origin
Winlock began as a Northern Pacific Railroad construction camp called Wheeler's Camp in c. 1871. The railroad was then in the process of extending its line from Kalama to Tacoma, Washington. Dr. C. C. Pagett, an early resident, donated the land for the townsite. In 1873, he named it for General William Winlock Miller of Olympia, a man of some renown in the area. Miller had promised to give a school bell to the town if it were to be named after him. The town was incorporated on February 28, 1883.<ref name=hale/>
Early economy
Lumbering was the initial economic driver. A number of sawmills were established beginning in the late 1800s. In the late 1920s there were four mills in operation, employing 350 men and producing over 30 million board feet of fir lumber annually.<ref name=":0">Advertising pamphlet, Winlock Commercial Club, c1928</ref>
Agriculture developed in the early 1900s with the impetus on the raising of poultry and the production of eggs.<ref name="AOTMA">Template:Cite news</ref> A branch of the Washington Cooperative Egg & Poultry Association located in the town constructed a large building in the north end of town, near the railroad tracks, around 1920. It housed grain storage bins and poultry processing facilities. The building remains standing today. Several hatcheries were located in the town. More than 750,000 baby chicks were produced during the 1928 season.<ref name=":0" />
In 1922 it was noted in a local newspaper that the only American city that produced more eggs than Winlock was Petaluma, California. In a single weekend in 1923, Winlock shipped 38,400 dozen eggs to New York state. Winlock at that time was touted as the "Egg and Poultry Capital of the World".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
21st century
A fire in Winlock's downtown area consumed the city's historic Warne's Drug Store building in late 2022. The structure was built in 1911 but burned down the following year. Rebuilt soon thereafter, the building housed the now-defunct Winlock News and Winlock Phone Company, as well as other various businesses for the next century. At the time of loss, the location was used as a hostel for six years.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
An annexation proposal by the city to incorporate Winlock's urban growth area (UGA) was dismissed in 2023 by the Lewis County Supreme Court over a combination of protests from residents in the UGA and the questions of statutory and filing periods and connected legal authority.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The UGA, formed from a county contract in 2006, is recorded as containing Template:Convert with a population of 335 residents. A citizen-led petition for the proposal to be reviewed by the Washington State Boundary Review Board for Lewis County exceeded the minimum voting requirements and a subsequent unanimous approval of the annexation by the board occurred in August of that year. The annexation was adopted by a majority vote of the Winlock city council that autumn.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="FAWMS">Template:Cite news</ref>
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert (0.00%) is water.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2024"/> The city grew an additional Template:Convert after the 2023 UGA annexation.<ref name="FAWMS"/>
Olequa Creek, a main tributary of the Cowlitz River, runs through the center of town from north to south.
The eastern edge of the Willapa Hills lie to the west. To the east are relatively flat prairies. A notable landmark about four miles west of town is Sam Henry Mountain, elevation Template:Convert, named for an early section superintendent of the Northern Pacific Railroad.<ref name=hale/> Mt. St. Helens, about Template:Convert to the east can be seen from viewpoints around the area. In May 1980, Winlock was covered with about Template:Convert of volcanic ash from the second major eruption of this peak one week after the cataclysmic eruption of May 18.
Demographics
As of the 2023 American Community Survey, there are 631 estimated households in Winlock with an average of 3.08 persons per household. The city has a median household income of $68,750. Approximately 17.6% of the city's population lives at or below the poverty line. Winlock has an estimated 59.2% employment rate, with 15.2% of the population holding a bachelor's degree or higher and 91.7% holding a high school diploma.<ref name="QF">Template:Cite web</ref>
The top five reported ancestries (people were allowed to report up to two ancestries, thus the figures will generally add to more than 100%) were English (83.2%), Spanish (14.2%), Indo-European (2.1%), Asian and Pacific Islander (0.5%), and Other (0.0%).
The median age in the city was 33.8 years.
| Race / ethnicity (NH = non-Hispanic) | Pop. 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> | Pop. 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> | % 2000 | % 2010 | Template:Partial |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 1,014 | 1,085 | 1,062 | 86.96% | 81.03% | 72.15% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 2 | 8 | 13 | 0.17% | 0.60% | 0.88% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 8 | 14 | 24 | 0.69% | 1.05% | 1.63% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 9 | 8 | 4 | 0.77% | 0.60% | 0.27% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 4 | 9 | 0.00% | 0.30% | 0.61% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.41% |
| Mixed race or multiracial (NH) | 33 | 44 | 130 | 2.83% | 3.29% | 8.83% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 100 | 176 | 224 | 8.58% | 13.14% | 15.22% |
| Total | 1,166 | 1,339 | 1,472 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, there were 1,472 people, 523 households, and 351 families residing in the city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The population density was Template:Convert. There were 565 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 75.48% White, 0.88% African American, 2.04% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.61% Pacific Islander, 6.39% from some other races and 14.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 15.22% of the population.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 1,339 people, 475 households, and 327 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 535 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 84.69% White, 0.67% African American, 1.57% Native American, 0.60% Asian, 0.30% Pacific Islander, 8.36% from some other races and 3.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 13.14% of the population.
There were 475 households, of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.2% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.26.
The median age in the city was 34 years. 30.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 23.9% were from 45 to 64; and 12.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.2% male and 48.8% female.
2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 1,166 people, 420 households, and 286 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 462 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 88.25% White, 0.17% African American, 0.77% Native American, 0.77% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 6.17% from some other races and 3.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 8.58% of the population.
In terms of ancestry, 22.1% were of German, 18.4% English, 12.2% American and 7.3% Irish.
There were 420 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.38.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,000, and the median income for a family was $38,875. Males had a median income of $31,667 versus $20,547 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,269. About 13.4% of families and 19.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.4% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.
Arts and culture
Festivals and events
The first Winlock Egg Days Festival was held in 1921 after a paved road (now State Route 505) was completed between the town and the extinct community of Cowlitz. Known at first as the "Poultry and Egg Day", the annual event incorporates the city's poultry history and a local resident is honored as a festival marshal.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Since 2000, the city has hosted an annual Winlock Pickersfest (formerly known as the Winlock Bluesgrass Festival)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> at Winolequa Park. The festival focuses on the use of stringed instruments, particularly the banjo, and are incorporated into various musical genres including Americana, bluegrass, and jazz. The three-day event is usually held on the first weekend of August.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Groups and organizations
Winlock is home to the Hope Grange (No. 155). It was established on March 18, 1904 in Evaline, beginning with 19 members.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Historic buildings and sites
Template:See also Situated near Olequa Creek in a residential area west of the downtown core is the Sacred Heart Catholic Church which was built in 1908. It was closed in 2014 due to financial concerns. The church was reopened as a parish of the Saint George Byzantine Catholic Church of Olympia in November 2024 after a foundation formed by local residents purchased the building that summer with the intention to remodel, repair, and preserve the historic church.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Parks and recreation
The city is home to Winolequa Park, Winlock's largest public park. Also known as Winolequa Memorial Park, it began by community volunteer effort in the 1960s and 1970s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Since 2018, community groups and volunteers install the Winlock Memorial Christmas Tree at Vern Zander Memorial Park during the year end holiday season. Template:As of, approximately 450 ornaments containing a collection of the names of Winlock residents who have died are hung on the tree as to honor "those who are gone but will never be forgotten".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Winlock was the planned site for the Southwest Washington Regional Equestrian Center. Also known as the REQ Center, formal planning began in 2006 and the horse arena was to have a seating capacity of over 7,000 people and was estimated to cost between $50 million and $80 million. The equestrian center was projected to present a variety of professional horse and rodeo competitions.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> An official site was chosen in 2008<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> but the center's placement in Winlock was cancelled that same year after a project manager and a developer were fined after pleading guilty to illegally filling approximately Template:Convert of wetlands at the location.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2009, the arena was proposed to be moved to Napavine.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Government and politics
Politics
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third parties |
|---|---|---|---|
| style="text-align:center;" Template:Party shading/Republican|2020<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | style="text-align:center;" Template:Party shading/Republican|61.28% 394 | style="text-align:center;" Template:Party shading/Democratic|34.68% 223 | 3.11% 20 |
Winlock is recognized as being majority Republican and conservative.Template:Citation needed
Government
The city council for Winlock consists of 5 at-large, non-partisan<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> members. The mayor, elected by the citizens of the city, also functions as Winlock's chief administrative officer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Education
Sports
Winlock High School's football team won Class B state titles in 1955, 1958, and 1959.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Since the 1920s, a senior player is chosen annually to receive the Otis Roundtree Award, named for a local resident who played for the Washington Huskies in the 1890s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Infrastructure
State Route 505 begins in Winlock and runs east to Interstate 5 and beyond to the town of Toledo. State Route 603, a former state highway, continues north from Winlock to intersect with State Route 6 near Chehalis.<ref>Template:Cite WSDOT map</ref>
The BNSF Railway's Seattle Subdivision, a double track railroad, runs through the middle of the town. Union Pacific and Amtrak trains also use these tracks. The nearest Amtrak station is Centralia.Template:Citation needed
Winlock began constructing a fiber optic expansion of a regional broadband project in 2023. The initiative is led by a grant of $23.5 million from the Washington State Broadband Office with an additional $2.3 million from a regional communications company. Once completed, the broadband system will be owned by Lewis County. The venture was originally planned to be completed in 2024, but forecasted out to late 2026.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>