World Sailing

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox national sports federations

World Sailing is the international sports governing body for sailing; it is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).

History

The creation of the International Yacht Racing Union (IYRU) began in 1904, when Major Brooke Heckstall-Smith AINA, then Secretary of the Yacht Racing Association (now the Royal Yachting Association) wrote to the Yacht Club de France, pointing out the desirability of holding a conference for the purpose of devising an International Rule of Measurement for Racing Yachts acceptable to all European countries. As a result, an International Conference of Yacht Measurement was held in London in January and June 1906, at which the Metre Rule was developed. This group went on to adopt a formal Constitution after a meeting at the Yacht Club de France in Paris on 14 October 1907 which is seen as the formation date of the International Yacht Racing Union.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 5 August 1996, the IYRU changed its name to the International Sailing Federation (ISAF).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 14 November 2015, ISAF changed its name to World Sailing.<ref>Minutes from the Annual General Meeting of the International Sailing Federation, Template:Webarchive, page 3, "5. Special Business – Change of Name". 40 voted in favour, 1 reject.</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Competition formats

Competitive sailing regatta contain events which are defined by a combination of discipline, equipment, gender and sometimes categories. These criteria are defined by the race purpose.

Disciplines

The following are the main disciplines:

  • Fleet racing – The most common form of competitive sailing involving boats racing around a course.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Match racing – Two identical boats race against each other. This one-on-one duel requires strategy and tactics. The first to cross the finish line wins.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Team racing – Two teams each of normally three boats compete against each other. Fast-paced racing depends on excellent boat handling skills and rapid tactical decision making.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Offshore/oceanic – Any offshore race over 800 miles, including races around the world.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Speed sailing - Is managed by World Sailing Speed Record Council
  • Wave riding is common to board sports
  • Both windsurfing and kiteboarding are experimenting with new formats.
  • Cruising – Can be a coastal day sail or a longer distance international journey, it is the most commonly enjoyed sailing discipline.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Equipment

Common categories of equipment include the following: dinghies, multihulls, keelboats, sailing yacht, windsurfers, kiteboarding and radio-controlled sailboats. Within these categories normally specific class or rating system are used.

Gender

The Olympic Games included Women’s Classes of Sailing at the games of 1988. That was the same year that Olympic Boardsailing was added, for men only. The Barcelona Games of 1992 included Women’s Olympic Boardsailing at the Olympic Sailing Regatta on the Med Sea. The University Games of 1999 was the first Olympic Games that began with Women’s Olympic Classes and Men’s Olympic Classes from the inclusion of the Sport of Sailing. This Olympic Games Sailing regatta was from Palma de Mallorca, ESP. University Games are IOC sanctioned. These Games include students currently enrolled in full time studies that year, who also have Olympic Class status.

Sometimes the significance of women’s classes are understated as less important, because they let some women on men’s boats before the official inclusion. This focus tends to mixed events before acknowledging women specific classes. For the 2016 Olympics, compulsory mixed gender in the event was added for the first time.Template:Citation needed

Sailor categories

In addition the following categories are sometimes applied to events:

  • Age
  • Nationality
  • Disabled classification
  • Sailor classification

Rules and regulations

World Sailing is now most familiar to sailors for defining the Racing Rules of Sailing (RRS), the international standard used to define competition rules and the framework within which racing is conducted.

Para sailing regattas for para sailors likewise follow the World Sailing rulebook with a minor change to permit things like powered adaptations. Strict classification requirements are enforced in the Paralympic Games for fair competition in Paralympic-class keelboats.

The key documents under control of World Sailing are:

Membership

National members

Template:Further Like all sports federations, World Sailing is composed of "Member National Authorities" (MNAs) from over 140 countries all of whom have the right to make submissions to determine World Sailing's policies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Persons with a physical impairment who are interested to learn to sail are encouraged<ref name="Para World Sailing">Template:Cite web</ref> to locate their national World Sailing Member National Authority (MNA), Disabled Sports Organization, or visit the local sailing club, as World Sailing seeks to people with disabilities into the sport.

Class associations

Template:Further The federation recognizes over 80 classes which are each entitled to hold world championships.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Affiliated members

Events

Sailing and the Olympics

Template:See also World Sailing is responsible for administration of the Olympic Sailing Regatta. Sailing (called yachting in the early years) has been a mainstay of the modern summer Olympic games since 1896, omitted only from the 1904 summer games in St. Louis.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

To help encourage high level international competition in the Classes used for the Olympic Games, World Sailing arrange the following events:

  • Sailing World Championships this is held every four years and is the combined World Championships for the Olympic classes and used as part of the Olympic Qualifying procedure
  • Sailing World Cup, an annual global sailing tour

Sailing in the Paralympic Games

Template:See also Sailing as an equipment based sports allows one of the largest ranges of paralympians to compete under equal terms. Sailing was included for the first time in the Atlanta 1996 Paralympic Games program as a demonstration event. It became a full medal sport at the Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games up to 2020 were IPC removed sailing from the paralympic program. Work continues to get sailing reinstated for the 2028 Paralympics.

World Sailing classes world championships

Template:See also Each World Sailing class is entitled to hold a world championship

World Sailing initiated world championships and events

The following World Championships are held:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

World Sailing recognised world championships

World Sailing Special Events

File:World Sailing Special Event.png

Disabled sailing

Sailing is a versatile sport that can accommodate many types of disability primarily because it is equipment based. Sailing is one of the few sports where disabled sailors compete on equal terms to able body sailors in a large section of the sport. Almost any boat can be sailed though some are more suitable for larger ranges of disabilities or specific categories of impairment.

World Sailing is also responsible for disabled sailing worldwide under the guidance of its own brand Para World Sailing.<ref name="Para World Sailing" /> This is since the merger of International Association for Disabled Sailing (IFDS) in November 2014, and re-forming of the World Sailing Committee later rebrand Para World Sailing. The rational was given as follows: "The creation of a single governing body for Member National Authorities (MNAs) and sailors will better serve the needs and interests of sailors with disabilities, and provide consistency within the sport, from relationships with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) to technical support and operational efficiencies."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The IFDS Foundation was dissolved during the 2015 Annual Conference in Sanya, China. The Disabled Sailing Committee then re-branded as the Para World Sailing Committee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

People

Presidents

From 1906 to 1946 a chairman was elected from time to time to orchestrate the annual meetings.

Vice presidents

Vice presidents have been elected since 1955.

Presidents of Honour

Race officials

There are four types of race officials used to conduct sailing events recognised by World Sailing as follows:

Official awards

World Sailing hold the following awards together with service medals.

Rolex World Sailor of the Year

Template:Main article The main annual award the "Rolex World Sailor of the Year" that is sponsored by ROLEX in the following categories:

  • Male World Sailor of the Year
  • Female World Sailor of the Year

When a crew of two or three people is nominated, the awarded is presented to the entire crew. When larger crews win the award, normally only the skipper is recognised.

Hall of Fame

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On 5 November 2007 in Estoril, Portugal, the International Sailing Federation announced the first six inductees for the ISAF Sailing Hall of Fame.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Hall of Fame">Template:Cite web</ref>

At the 2015 annual conference in Sanya, China, there were seven further inductees.<ref name="Hall of Fame" />

Beppe Croce Trophy

The Beppe Croce Trophy is presented to an individual who has made an outstanding voluntary contribution to the sport of sailing. The roll of honour is an impressive one, including multiple Olympic medallists, rules gurus and designers, and all have dedicated an outstanding amount of time to the sport of sailing. Recipients are presented with a replica trophy.

See also

Notes

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References

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