Holiness (style)
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The title His Holiness (and the associated form of address Your Holiness) is an official title or style referring to the pope in the Catholic Church; this use can be traced back several hundred years.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It has also been adopted as an official title for other leaders in a number of religious traditions. It is used to refer to Oriental Orthodox patriarchs, and used to refer to religious leaders in Islam, Buddhism, and Bon. Buddhist leaders referred to this way include the Dalai Lama, the Menri Trizin, among others; the Da'i al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohras is one example of a Muslim leader styled this way.
Buddhism and Bon
The English-language honorific "His Holiness"(Burmese: အရှင်သူမြတ်ဘုရား; Ashin Thumyat Phya) and the female version "Her Holiness" have commonly and very recentlyTemplate:When been used for religious leaders from other traditions, including Buddhism<ref name="auto">His Holiness Living Buddha Lian Sheng, Grand Master Sheng-Yen Lu</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> leaders such as the Thanlyin Mingyaung Sayadaw, Ashin Nandamalabhivamsa, Sangharaja in Thailand, Dalai Lama,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Gyalwa Karmapa,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Je Khenpo in Bhutan,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Shinso Ito of the Shinnyo-en branch of Shingon Buddhism.<ref>Asian Tribune: example of reference to "Her Holiness Shinso Ito, the Head Priest of Shinnyo en Temple in Tachikawa, Tokyo", 3 July 2012</ref> In the Bön tradition it is used for the Menri Trizin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
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Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso (b. 1935)
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11° Panchen Lama, Gedhun Choekyi Nyima (b. 1989)
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17° Karmapa, Trinley Thaye Dorje (b. 1983)
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17° Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje (b. 1985)
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12° Gyalwang Drukpa, Jigme Pema Wangchen (b. 1963)
Christianity
Catholic Church
His Holiness (Template:Langx) is the official style used to address the pope.
The full papal title, rarely used, is:
- His Holiness Leo XIV, Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the servants of God.
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Pope Leo XIV (b. 1955)
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The best-known title, that of "pope", does not appear in the official list of titles, but is commonly used in the titles of documents and appears, in abbreviated form, in their signatures as "PP", standing for Papa (Pope).<ref>Template:CathEncy</ref><ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The 2020 Annuario Pontificio lists all of his formal titles, except Bishop of Rome, as "historical titles".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
It is customary when referring to popes to translate the regnal name into local languages.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In February 2013, the Holy See announced that former Pope Benedict XVI would retain the style "His Holiness" after resigning and becoming pope emeritus.
The term is sometimes abbreviated as "HH" or "H.H." when confusion with "His/Her Highness" is unlikely.
Oriental and Eastern Orthodox churches
His Holiness is the official style also used to address the Oriental Orthodox Catholicoi/patriarchs. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople has the title of His All Holiness (Template:Langx). It is also used for certain other Eastern patriarchs, notably those who head a church or rite which recognizes neither Rome's nor Constantinople's primacy.
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Papa Tawadros II of Alexandria of the Coptic Orthodox Church (b. 1952)
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Patriarch Kirill of Moscow
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Patriarch Daniil of Bulgaria (b. 1972)
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Mar Dinkha IV, Patriarch of the Church of the East (b. 1935)
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Baselios Marthoma Mathews III, of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (b. 1949)
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Ignatius Aphrem II, of the Syriac Orthodox Church (b.1965)
Islam
In Islam, it is used in Ahmadiyya for the 5th Caliph Mirza Masroor Ahmad.<ref name="fifth_khalifa">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is used in the Dawoodi Bohra sect of Ismaili Shia for the office of Da'i al-Mutlaq, Syedna. Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin is recognized by most Dawoodi Bohras as the 53rd Da'i al-Mutlaq.<ref name="livemintbattle">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=m5002020>Template:Cite book</ref>
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Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin, 53rd Da'i al-Mutlaq
