Zafarullah Khan Jamali

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox officeholder Mir Zafarullah Khan JamaliTemplate:Efn (1 January 1944 – 2 December 2020) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 13th prime minister of Pakistan from 2002 to 2004. He was the first and only elected prime minister from Balochistan, Pakistan.

Born into the Jamali family, he was originally a supporter of the Pakistan People's Party and emerged from the politics of Balochistan under military governor Rahimuddin Khan during the 1970s. He became a national figure as part of the government of Nawaz Sharif, and was Chief Minister of Balochistan for two non-consecutive terms (from June–December 1988 and November 1996 –February 1997). Although he was a senior leader in the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) and Sharif's confidant, relations between Jamali and Sharif cooled and Jamali joined the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) after the 1999 military coup led by General Pervez Musharraf. In the 2002 general election, Jamali won his bid for the office of prime minister after his supporters and colleagues crossed party lines to support him.

On 21 November 2002 Jamali was appointed the 13th prime minister of Pakistan-designate. He was sworn in on 23 November 2002, serving until he unexpectedly announced his resignation in 2004. He is the fifth shortest-serving democratically elected prime minister in the history of Pakistan.

Early life and education

Zafarullah Jamali was born on 1 January 1944<ref name="pildat/dob" /> to the Jamali family, a political, religious<ref name="voanews/29oct2009">Template:Cite news</ref> and landlord family in Rojhan village of Commissariat Baluchistan of the British Indian Empire,<ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)">Template:Cite news</ref> now Jaffarabad District in Balochistan, Pakistan.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002">Template:Cite news</ref>

Jamali received his early education at Lawrence College, Murree and A-levels from Aitchison College, Lahore. Jamali was a great hockey player in his time. He then studied at Government College, Lahore for a bachelor's degree. He received his master's degree in political science at the University of the Punjab in 1965.<ref name="voanews/29oct2009" /><ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)" /><ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Political career

Jamali began his political career in 1970 and joined PPP.<ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)" /> Jamali took part in the 1970 Pakistani general election for the first time but lost it.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan in the 1977 Pakistani general election on a PPP ticket.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" /> He was appointed a provincial minister in the provincial cabinet of Nawab Mohammad Khan Barozai in Balochistan.<ref name="voanews/29oct2009" /> He briefly held portfolios for the departments of Food, Information, Law and Parliamentary Affairs.<ref name="Jamali">Template:Cite news</ref>

After the imposition of martial law in Pakistan by General Zia-ul-Haq, he was allied to Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" /> Jamali was appointed as a state minister in the federal cabinet by Zia.<ref name="voanews/29oct2009" /><ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Jamali was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in the 1985 Pakistani general election from Naseerabad constituency and was inducted into the federal cabinet of Junejo and given the portfolio of Federal Minister of water and power.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Jamali was appointed as the caretaker Chief Minister of Balochistan in 1988 after General Zia-ul-Haq dismissed the government of Junejo.<ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)" /><ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Jamali was re-elected as the member of the provincial assembly of Balochistan in the 1988 Pakistani general election and became the chief minister of Balochistan.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

He was elected as the member of the Senate of Pakistan<ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)" /> in 1994 and again in 1997.<ref name="Senate Secretariat">Template:Cite web</ref>

Jamali ran for the seat of National Assembly in the 1990 Pakistani general elections, but was defeated by a PPP candidate.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

He was re-elected as the member of the Provincial Assembly in the 1993 Pakistani general elections on the PML ticket and defeated a PPP nominee. Jamali was re-appointed caretaker as the chief minister of Balochistan in 1997.<ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Prime Minister of Pakistan

Prime Minister Jamali shaking hands with U.S. President George W. Bush, 2003

In July 2002, Jamali joined the Pakistan Muslim League's breakaway Pakistan Muslim League (Q).<ref name="Jamali"/>

He was re-elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in the 2002 Pakistani general election.<ref name="2013result">Template:Cite news</ref>

In November 2002, Jamali became the 13th Prime Minister of Pakistan by a simple majority for five years for the first time after securing 188 votes out of 342 seats in the National Assembly of Pakistan.<ref name="The New York Times, December 31, 2002">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was the first politician from Balochistan to become prime minister of Pakistan.<ref name="voanews/29oct2009" /><ref name="British Broadcasting Corporation, Pakistan (BBC Pakistan)" /><ref name="newslinemagazine/dec2002" />

Since no party had an exclusive mandate, his election as prime minister followed weeks of negotiation.<ref name="The New York Times, December 31, 2002"/> He formed a coalition government with MQM, MMA, PPPP and the splinter group of the Pakistan Muslim League.<ref name="The New York Times, December 31, 2002"/> He oversaw Pakistan's transition from two-party to multi-party democracy.<ref name="The New York Times, December 31, 2002"/>

Foreign policy

Prime Minister Jamali with U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld at the Pentagon

In 2004, Jamali visited Afghanistan, which was the first highest-level visit from Pakistan since the fall of the Taliban government in 2001 which was an ally of Pakistan. Jamali supported Hamid Karzai as President of Afghanistan and assured him of cooperation between the government of both countries in everything, from trade to terrorism.<ref name="The New York Times, January 13, 2004">Template:Cite news</ref> Jamali announced donations of 300 buses and trucks, scholarships for Afghan students and aid for improvement of road, railway and hospital projects in Afghanistan.<ref name="The New York Times, January 13, 2004" />

In October 2003 Jamali visited the United States, meeting with President George W. Bush and vowing to support the U.S. in the war on terror.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Jamali vowed to improve relations with India immediately after assuming office<ref name="The New York Times, December 31, 2002"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and procuring a peace agreement and cease-fire in the disputed Kashmir region.<ref name="The New York Times, November 24, 2003">Template:Cite news</ref> He appointed a special envoy to improve relations and lessen tensions between the two countries which had arisen during the 1990s and early 2000s.<ref name="The New York Times, November 24, 2003"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Resignation

In June 2004, Jamali abruptly announced his resignation<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> on television after a three-hour meeting with Musharraf. There had been rumours of Jamali's strained relationship with Musharraf on the execution of government policies.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> According to media reports, resignation became inevitable when Musharraf became unhappy with Jamali's performance and his failure to strongly endorse Musharraf's policies.<ref name="Economic Times">Template:Cite news</ref> Jamali was the fifth shortest-serving prime minister of Pakistan.<ref name="Shortest Serving Prime Ministers of Pakistan">Template:Cite news</ref>

The Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal was initially surprised;<ref name="Dawn Archives, 2004">Template:Cite news</ref> the mainstream parties saw Jamali's resignation as "forced and [a] humiliation for democracy"<ref name="Business Standard news">Template:Cite news</ref> and "bad for the future".<ref name="Arabnews link">Template:Cite news</ref> With his surprise announcement, Jamali dissolved the cabinet and nominated his party's president Shujaat Hussain as interim prime minister.<ref name="Business Standard news"/> Weeks after his resignation, it was learned that it came as the result of deteriorating relations with Hussain.<ref name="Business Standard news"/>

Post-prime ministership

After resigning, Jamali pursued his passion for field hockey. In 2004, he became president of the Pakistan Hockey Federation and vowed to solve the problems facing the Pakistan Hockey Federation and revive the Pakistan men's national field hockey team. He previously played for Punjab province, acted as Chief-de-Mission for the 1984 Summer Olympics and was chief selector for the national team.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2008, he resigned as its president after the national hockey team performed poorly at the Olympic Games.<ref name=Arabnews>Template:Cite web</ref>

In May 2013, he joined the Pakistan Muslim League (N).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He remained a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2013 until his resignation in May 2018.<ref name="2013result"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In June 2018, he quit PML-N and joined Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Death

On 29 November 2020, Jamali was admitted to Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and put on a ventilator after suffering a cardiac arrest.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He died in Rawalpindi on 2 December 2020 at the age of 76.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 3 December 2020, after funeral prayers, Jamali was laid to rest in his native village.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

External links

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