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{{Short description|Edible fungi fruit bodies}}
{{redirect|Mushroom (food)||Mushroom}}
[[File:Asian mushrooms.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Commercially cultivated Asian fungi (clockwise from left): [[enoki]], [[beech mushroom]] (brown and white variations), [[king oyster mushroom]] and [[shiitake]]]]

'''Edible mushrooms''' are the fleshy [[fruit bodies]] of numerous species of properly [[Mushroom#Identification|identified]] and prepared [[fungi]]. Edibility may be defined by criteria including their palatability and absence of dangerous [[mycotoxin]]s. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and [[culinary]] value, often either being [[fungiculture|cultivated]] or [[mushroom hunting|harvested wild]]. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets; those that are more difficult to obtain may be collected on a smaller scale.

To ensure safety, wild mushrooms must be correctly identified before their edibility can be assumed. Deadly [[poisonous mushroom]]s that are frequently confused with edible mushrooms include several species of the genus ''[[Amanita]]'', particularly ''[[Amanita phalloides|A.&nbsp;phalloides]]'' (the death cap). Some mushrooms that are edible for most people can cause [[allergic reaction]]s in others; old or improperly stored specimens can cause [[food poisoning]]. Additionally, mushrooms can absorb chemicals from polluted locations, [[bioaccumulation|accumulating]] pollutants and potentially lethal [[heavy metals]].

[[Psychoactive mushrooms]] can also be confused with edible species. Additionally, mushrooms were [[Medicinal uses of fungi|consumed medicinally]] in [[traditional medicine]], but are not [[Evidence-based medicine|upheld by evidence]].

== Description ==
[[File:Edible fungi in basket 2009 G1 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Assorted wild edible mushrooms]]

Mushrooms can appear either below ground ([[hypogeous]]) or above ground ([[epigeous]]) and can be picked by hand.<ref name="def">{{cite book |last=Chang |first=Shu-Ting |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XO4EGzpp1M0C |title=Mushrooms: cultivation, nutritional value, medicinal effect, and Environmental Impact |author2=Phillip G. Miles |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-8493-1043-0 |pages=4–6}}</ref> The act of foraging fungi is referred to as ''[[mushroom hunting]]''. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets; those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the [[Tuber (fungus)|truffle]], [[matsutake]], and [[morel]]) may be collected on a smaller scale and are sometimes available at [[farmers' markets]] or other local grocers.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

Edibility may be defined by criteria including desirable [[taste]] and [[aroma]] and the absence of [[Mushroom poisoning|poisonous]] effects on humans.<ref name="Mattila et al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mattila P, Suonpää K, Piironen V |year=2000 |title=Functional properties of edible mushrooms |journal=Nutrition |volume=16 |issue=7–8 |pages=694–6 |doi=10.1016/S0899-9007(00)00341-5 |pmid=10906601}}</ref> Edible mushrooms are consumed for their [[nutrition]]al and [[culinary]] value. Mushrooms, especially dried [[shiitake]], are sources of [[umami]] flavor.<ref>{{cite book |author=Ole G. Mouritsen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_U0ZBQAAQBAJ |title=Umami: Unlocking the Secrets of the Fifth Taste |author2=Klavs Styrbaek |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-231-16890-8 |pages=11, 52, 110}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Paul Adams |date=24 November 2015 |title=Put the science of umami to work for you |url=http://www.popsci.com/hidden-secrets-umami |access-date=11 December 2015 |publisher=Popular Science, Bonnier Corporation}}</ref>

== List of edible mushrooms ==
{{more citations needed|section|date=November 2018}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Scientific name !! Common name !! Description !! Distribution !! Cultivation !! Edibility
|-
| ''[[Agaricus arvensis]]'' || Horse mushroom || Resembles ''[[Amanita]]'' species || ||  Harvested wild || Edible for most people, but can resemble deadly Amanitas{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=332-33}}
|-
| ''[[Agaricus bisporus]]'' || Button mushroom, common mushroom, cremini, portobello, and others<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/19/types-of-mushrooms_n_4994638.html|title=Every Type Of Mushroom You Need To Know About|date=19 March 2014|website=Huffingtonpost.com|access-date=23 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/common-types-mushrooms?slide=31608#31608|title=Common Types of Mushrooms|website=Realsimple.com|access-date=23 October 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116094525/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/common-types-mushrooms?slide=31608#31608}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thekitchn.com/whats-the-difference-between-cremini-and-portobello-mushrooms-229645|title=What's the Difference Between Cremini and Portobello Mushrooms?|website=Thekitchen.com|access-date=23 October 2018}}</ref><ref name="psu.edu">{{cite web|url=https://extension.psu.edu/cultivation-of-oyster-mushrooms|title=Cultivation of Oyster Mushrooms|website=Extension.psu.edu|access-date=23 October 2018}}</ref> || As it ages, it turns from small, white and smooth to large and light brown. || Europe and North America, native to grasslands || Widely cultivated ||
|-
| ''[[Agaricus campestris]]'' || Field mushroom || || || Harvested wild || Choice,{{sfn|Davis|Sommer|Menge|2012|pp=224–225}}{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=283}} but can resemble poisonous species<ref name="Oregon">{{cite book |last=Meuninck |first=Jim |title=Foraging Mushrooms Oregon: Finding, Identifying, and Preparing Edible Wild Mushrooms |date=2017 |publisher=[[Falcon Guides]] |isbn=978-1-4930-2669-2 |page=107}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Agaricus silvaticus]]'' || Pinewood mushroom || || ||  Harvested wild || Edible cooked,{{sfn|Phillips|2010|p=220}}<ref name="tfb">{{Cite book |last=Francis-Baker |first=Tiffany |title=Concise Foraging Guide |date=2021 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]] |isbn=978-1-4729-8474-6 |series=[[The Wildlife Trusts]] |location=London |pages=160}}</ref> but resembles some inedible species{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=277}}
|-
| ''[[Aleuria aurantia]]'' || Orange peel fungus || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Amanita caesarea]]'' || Caesar's mushroom || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Amanita fulva]]'' || Tawny grisette || || || || Must be cooked
|-
| ''[[Amanita muscaria]]'' || || || || || [[Parboil]]ing required to leach out toxins;<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rubel W, Arora D |title=A study of cultural bias in field guide determinations of mushroom edibility using the iconic mushroom, ''Amanita muscaria'', as an example |journal=Economic Botany |year=2008 |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=223–243 |url=http://www.williamrubel.com/wp-content/uploads/Rubel_Arora_Muscaria_Economic_Botany3.pdf |doi=10.1007/s12231-008-9040-9 |bibcode=2008EcBot..62..223R |s2cid=19585416 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415015935/http://www.williamrubel.com/wp-content/uploads/Rubel_Arora_Muscaria_Economic_Botany3.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-15 }}</ref> fresh mushrooms cause vomiting, twitching, drowsiness, and hallucinations due to the presence of [[muscimol]]. [[Ibotenic acid]] is not present in high enough concentration to produce any physical or psychological effects unless massive amounts are ingested.
|-
| ''[[Amanita rubescens]]'' || Blusher || || || || Must be cooked
|-
| ''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' || Honey mushroom || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Boletus badius]]'' || Bay bolete || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Boletus edulis]]'' || Porcino || || Europe || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Arora|1986|p=530}}
|-
| ''[[Boletus pinophilus]]'' || Pine bolete<ref>{{cite book |last1=Læssøe |first1=Thomas |url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomhowtoide0000laes/page/327/ |title=Mushroom: How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi |last2=Del Conte |first2=Anna |publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4654-0855-6 |location=New York |pages=327 |orig-year=1996}}</ref> || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Boletus variipes]]'' || || || || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Phillips|2010|p=269}}
|-
| ''[[Calbovista subsculpta]]'' || Sculptured giant puffball || Up to {{convert|15|cm|0|abbr=on}} wide || Western North America in montane areas || Commercially harvested || Choice while the [[gleba]] is still firm and white{{sfn|Phillips|2010|p=330}}
|-
| ''[[Calocybe gambosa]]'' || St. George's mushroom || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Calvatia cyathiformis]]'' || Purple-spored puffball || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Calvatia gigantea]]'' || Giant [[puffball]] || Up to {{convert|60|cm|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and {{convert|20|kg|round=5}}<ref name="Kew">{{cite web |title=''Calvatia gigantea'' (giant puffball) |url=http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223173822/http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball |archive-date=2016-12-23 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Kew Gardens}}</ref> || Temperate areas around the world in meadows, fields, and deciduous forests from late summer and autumn<ref name="Kew" />{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=682–83}} || Commercially harvested || Choice when immature and white, but may cause a laxative effect{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=682–83}}
|-
| ''[[Calvatia utriformis]]'' (syn. ''Lycoperdon caelatum'') || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Cantharellus cibarius]]'' || Golden chanterelle || || Europe<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kuo |first1=Michael |date=2015 |title=Cantharellus 'cibarius' |url=https://www.mushroomexpert.com/cantharellus_cibarius.html |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=MushroomExpert.Com}}</ref> || Commercially harvested || Choice<ref>{{cite web |date=2020 |title=''Cantharellus cibarius'' Fr. - Chanterelle |url=https://www.first-nature.com/fungi/cantharellus-cibarius.php |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=First Nature}}</ref> but resembles some poisonous mushrooms{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=662–64}}{{sfn|Phillips|2010|p=248}}
|-
| ''[[Chroogomphus]]'' || Pine-spikes or spike-caps || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Clavariaceae]]'' || Coral fungi || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Clavulinaceae]]'' || Coral fungi || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Clitocybe nuda]]'' || Blewit{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=183}} || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Coprinopsis atramentaria]]'' (syn. ''Coprinus atramentarius'') || Common inkcap || || || || Toxic if consumed with alcohol due to the presence of [[coprine]]
|-
| ''[[Coprinus comatus]]'' || Shaggy mane, shaggy inkcap or lawyer's wig || || || Harvested wild ||Must be cooked as soon as possible after harvesting or the caps will darken as they deliquesce and turn to ink
|-
| ''[[Cortinarius caperatus]]'' || Gypsy mushroom || || || Commercially harvested || Choice,{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=299}} but can resemble some poisonous European species<ref>{{cite book |author=Zeitlmayr L. |title=Wild Mushrooms:An Illustrated Handbook |publisher=Garden City Press |year=1976 |isbn=978-0-584-10324-3 |page=79}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Craterellus cornucopioides]]'' || Trumpet of death or horn of plenty || || || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Davis|Sommer|Menge|2012|pp=273–74}}
|-
| ''[[Craterellus tubaeformis]]'' || Tube chanterelle or yellowfoot || Small mushroom || || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Phillips|2010|p=251}}
|-
| ''[[Cyclocybe aegerita]]'' || Poplar || || || Commercially cultivated || Difficult to identify<ref name="maggie">{{cite web |last1=Zhu |first1=Maggie |title=Tea Tree Mushroom (茶树菇) |url=http://omnivorescookbook.com/pantry/tea-tree-mushroom |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250118205133/http://omnivorescookbook.com/pantry/tea-tree-mushroom |archive-date=2025-01-18 |accessdate=2025-10-23 |website=Omnivore's Cookbook}}</ref><ref name="medicalmushrooms">{{cite web |title=Agrocybe aegerita, Chestnut mushroom, Yanagimatsutake |url=http://www.medicalmushrooms.net/agrocybe-aegerita/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605083444/http://www.medicalmushrooms.net/agrocybe-aegerita/ |archive-date=2016-06-05 |accessdate=3 August 2016 |website=MedicalMushrooms.net}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Cyttaria espinosae]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Fistulina hepatica]]'' || Beefsteak polypore or ox tongue || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Flammulina filiformis]]'' || Enoki || || || Commercially cultivated || Asian cuisine<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Chaey |first=Christina |date=March 2, 2018 |title=You Should Be Cooking with Enoki Mushrooms, the Easiest Fungi to Love |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/enoki-mushrooms |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-10-23 |magazine=[[Bon Appétit]]}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Flammulina velutipes]]'' || Velvet shank{{sfn|Arora|1986|p=220}} || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Gomphidius glutinosus]]'' || Slimy spike-cap || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Grifola frondosa]]'' || Hen of the woods or sheep's head || Large mushroom || Eastern North America || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=420}} but some may be allergic{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=564–65}}
|-
| ''[[Gyromitra esculenta]]'' || False morel, turban or brain mushroom || || || || Parboiling required to reduce [[gyromitrin]] toxicity, which may not be fully effective
|-
| ''[[Hericium erinaceus]]'' || Lion's mane{{sfn|Davis|Sommer|Menge|2012|p=29}} || A [[tooth fungus]] || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Hydnum repandum]]'' || Sweet tooth or hedgehog mushroom<ref>{{cite book |title=The New Savory Wild Mushroom |vauthors=Ammirati JF, McKenny M, Stuntz DE |publisher=University of Washington Press |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-295-96480-5 |location=Seattle, Washington |page=173}}</ref> || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Hygrophorus chrysodon]]'' || Gold flecked woodwax || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Hypsizygus tessulatus]]'' || Beech mushroom || || || Commercially cultivated || Tough flesh{{sfn|Phillips|2010|pp=238–39}}
|-
| ''[[Kalaharituber pfeilii]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius corrugis]]'' || || || || ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius deliciosus]]'' || Saffron milk cap || || || Commercially harvested || Not necessarily choice, but popular in Russia{{sfn|Arora|1986|p=68}}
|-
| ''[[Lactarius deterrimus]]'' || Orange milkcap<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6139~source~gallerychooserresult.asp |title=''Lactarius deterrimus'' |author=Phillips, Roger |publisher=RogersMushrooms |work=rogersmushrooms.com |access-date=2 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103354/http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6139~source~gallerychooserresult.asp |archive-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref> || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius hygrophoroides]]'' || || || || ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius indigo]]''{{sfn|Arora|1986|p=69}} || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius paradoxus]]'' || || || || ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius rubrilacteus]]''{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=68–69}} || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Lactarius subdulcis]]'' || Mild milkcap || || || Harvested wild || Edible when cooked but not choice<ref>{{cite book |title= Mushrooms and Toadstools|last= Pegler|first= David N.|year= 1983|publisher= Mitchell Beazley Publishing|location= London|isbn= 0-85533-500-9|pages=78}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Lactarius volemus]]'' || Fishy milkcap || || || Harvested wild || Granular texture{{sfn|Arora|1986|p=78}}
|-
| ''[[Laetiporus sulphureus]]'' || Sulphur shelf, chicken mushroom || A distinct [[bracket fungus]] || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Leccinum aurantiacum]]'' || Red-capped scaber stalk || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Leccinum scabrum]]'' || Birch bolete || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Leccinum versipelle]]'' (syn. ''Boletus testaceoscaber'') || Orange birch bolete || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Lentinula edodes]]'' || Shiitake<ref name="psu.edu"/> || || || Commercially cultivated ||
|-
| ''[[Lepista saeva]]'' (syn. ''Tricholoma personatum'') || Field blewit or blue leg || || || || Must be cooked before eating
|-
| ''[[Macrolepiota procera]]'' || Parasol mushroom || || Globally widespread in temperate regions || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Marasmius oreades]]'' || Fairy ring champignon || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Morchella]]'' spp. including ''[[Morchella esculenta]]'' || Morels || Can resemble poisonous [[false morel]]s including ''[[Gyromitra esculenta]]'' || Open scrub, woodland or open ground in late spring || Commercially harvested; difficult to grow commercially<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news |author=Alla Katsnelson |date=April 26, 2022 |title=Cultivating Coveted Morels Year-Round and Indoors |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/26/science/morel-mushrooms-growing.html |access-date=June 9, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=}}</ref> || Potentially toxic if uncooked or consumed with alcohol<ref name=":2">{{cite book |title=Edible and Poisonous Mushrooms of the World |vauthors=Hall IR, Buchanan PK |publisher=Timber Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-88192-586-9}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite journal |author=Groves JW. |year=1964 |title=Poisoning by morels When taken with alcohol |journal=Mycologia |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=779–780 |doi=10.2307/3756634 |jstor=3756634}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Nordic Council of Ministers|title=Mushrooms Traded As Food |volume=2 |section=Section 1: Nordic Risk Assessments and Background on Edible Mushrooms, Suitable for Commercial Marketing and Background Lists. For Industry, Trade and Food Inspection. Background Information and Guidance Lists on Mushrooms|publisher=Nordic Council of Ministers|year=2012|isbn=978-92-893-2383-3|location=Denmark|page=50}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Phallus indusiatus]]'' || Basket stinkhorn || || || Commercially cultivated || Asian cuisine<ref>{{cite book |author=Dunlop F. |title=Sichuan Cookery |publisher=Penguin Books |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-14-029541-2 |location=London, UK |page=lxii}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Pleurotus]]'' spp. || Oyster mushrooms || || || Commercially cultivated at an industrial scale<ref name="psu.edu" /> ||
|-
| ''[[Pleurotus ostreatus]]'' || Oyster mushroom || || || Commercially harvested || Choice{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=142}} but resembles inedible ''[[Lentinellus]]'' species{{sfn|Davis|Sommer|Menge|2012|p=30}}{{sfn|Miller Jr.|Miller|2006|p=145}}
|-
| ''[[Polyporus mylittae]]'' || Blackfellow's bread || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Polyporus squamosus]]'' || Dryad's saddle and pheasant's back mushroom || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Pseudohydnum gelatinosum]]'' || Toothed jelly fungus || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Ramariaceae]]'' spp. || Coral fungi || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Rhizopogon luteolus]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Russula laeta]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Sparassis crispa]]'' || Cauliflower mushroom || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Stropharia rugosoannulata]]'' || Wine cap || || || Commercially cultivated || Choice{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=378–79}}
|-
| ''[[Suillus bovinus]]'' || Bovine bolete || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus brevipes]]'' || Short-stemmed slippery Jack || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus decipiens]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus granulatus]]'' || Weeping bolete, granulated bolete || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus grevillei]]'' || Tamarack jack || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus luteus]]'' || Slippery jack || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus pictus]]'' || Painted suillus || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Suillus tomentosus]]'' || Woolly-capped suillus || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Termitomyces]]'' || || Includes the largest edible mushroom, ''[[Termitomyces titanicus]]'', with a cap that averages 1&nbsp;metre in diameter<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Pegler |first1=D. N. |last2=Piearce |first2=G. D. |date=1980 |title=The Edible Mushrooms of Zambia |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=35 |issue=3 |page=475 |doi=10.2307/4110017|jstor=4110017 |bibcode=1980KewBu..35..475P }}</ref> || Grow out of [[termite mound]]s || Commercially harvested,{{citation needed|date=November 2025}} with cultivation research underway<ref>{{Cite web |title=Termitomyces: exploring the world's most mysterious mushroom |url=https://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/08/03/termitomyces-exploring-worlds-most-mysterious-mushroom |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=World Agroforestry |language=en}}</ref> ||
|-
| ''[[Tremella fuciformis]]'' || White jelly mushroom || || || Commercially cultivated || Asian sweet dishes for texture<ref>{{cite book |last=Chang |first=Shu-Ting |title=Mushrooms: Cultivation, Nutritional Value, Medicinal Effect, and Environmental Impact |author2=Miles, Philip G. |publisher=CRC Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8493-1043-1 |edition=2nd |location=Boca Raton, Florida |pages=329 |chapter=''Tremella'' - Increased Production by a Mixed Culture Technique}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Tricholoma matsutake]]'' || {{lang|ja-Latn|Matsutake}} || || || Commercially harvested || Prized in [[Japanese cuisine]]
|-
| ''[[Tricholoma portentosum]]'' || || || || Harvested wild ||
|-
| ''[[Tricholoma terreum]]'' || Grey knight || || || || Might cause [[rhabdomyolysis]]
|-
| ''[[Tuber aestivum]]'' || Black summer truffle || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Tuber borchii]]'' || Bianchetto truffle || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Tuber brumale]]'' || Muscat truffle || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Tuber indicum]]'' || Chinese black truffle || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Tuber macrosporum]]'' || Smooth black truffle || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''[[Tuber melanosporum]]'' || Black truffle || || Southern Europe || Commercially cultivated || Choice
|-
| ''[[Tuber mesentericum]]'' || Bagnoli truffle<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7660405.stm |work=BBC News |title=New fungi species unearthed in UK |date=9 October 2008 |access-date=9 October 2008}}</ref> || || || Commercially harvested ||
|-
| ''Ustilago maydis'' || [[Corn smut]] || || Pathogens of cereals || Harvested wild || Considered a delicacy in Mexico; used as fillings in quesadillas, tacos and soups<ref>{{cite web|title=Scourge No More: Chefs Invite Corn Fungus To The Plate|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/08/24/433232707/scourge-no-more-chefs-invite-corn-fungus-to-the-plate|website=NPR|date=24 August 2015 |language=en|access-date=2020-05-18|last1=Neimark |first1=Jill }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Verpa bohemica]]'' || || || || || Choice for some sometimes reported as toxic, possibly containing [[monomethylhydrazine]]<ref>[https://www.fda.gov/ora/fiars/ora_import_ia2502.html FDA Import Alert IA2502] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070409172134/https://www.fda.gov/ora/fiars/ora_import_ia2502.html |date=April 9, 2007 }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Volvariella bombycina]]'' || Silky rosegill{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=261-62}} || || || Commercially cultivated ||
|-
| ''[[Volvariella volvacea]]'' || Paddy straw mushroom or straw mushroom{{sfn|Arora|1986|pp=261-62}} || || || Commercially cultivated ||
|}

== Cultivation ==
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="width:13em; text-align:center;"
|+ Mushroom and truffle production<br>{{small|2023, tonnes}}<br/>
|-
| {{CHN}} || 47,143,126
|-
| {{JAP}} || 462,158
|-
| {{USA}} || 302,390
|-
| {{POL}} || 240,400
|-
| {{NLD}} || 205,000
|-
| '''World''' || '''50,010,109'''
|-
|colspan=2|<small>Source: [[FAOSTAT]] of the [[United Nations]]<ref name="faostat">{{cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL|title=Production of mushrooms and truffles in 2023, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)|date=2025|publisher=UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT)|access-date=14 October 2025}}</ref></small>
|}

[[Mushroom cultivation]] has a long history, with over [[Fungiculture#Commercially cultivated fungi|twenty species]] commercially cultivated. Mushrooms are cultivated in at least 60 countries.<ref>{{cite web|author=John Fereira |url=https://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1395 |title=U.S. Mushroom Industry |website=Usda.mannlib.cornell.edu |access-date=2010-05-30}}</ref> A fraction of the many fungi consumed by humans are currently cultivated and sold commercially. Commercial cultivation is important ecologically, as there have been concerns of the depletion of larger fungi such as [[chanterelle]]s in Europe, possibly because the group has grown popular yet remains a challenge to cultivate.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}} Some mushrooms, particularly [[mycorrhiza]]l species, have not yet been successfully cultivated.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

In 2023, world production of commercial mushrooms and recorded [[truffle]] collection reported to the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] was 50 million [[tonne]]s, led by China with 94% of the total (table).

==Safety concerns==
Some wild species are [[toxic]], or at least indigestible, when raw.<ref name="ncpc">{{cite web|url=http://www.poison.org/articles/2009-jun/wild-mushroom-warning|title=Wild Mushroom Warning. Mushroom Poisoning: Don't Invite "The Death Angel" to Dinner|publisher=US National Capital Poison Center, Washington, DC|date=2017|access-date=11 January 2017}}</ref> Failure to [[Mushroom#Identification|identify]] poisonous mushrooms and confusing them with edible ones has resulted in death.<ref name=ncpc/><ref name="Barbee et al">{{cite journal|vauthors=Barbee G, Berry-Cabán C, Barry J, Borys D, Ward J, Salyer S |title=Analysis of mushroom exposures in Texas requiring hospitalization, 2005–2006 |journal=Journal of Medical Toxicology |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=59–62 |year=2009 |pmid=19415588 |pmc=3550325 |doi=10.1007/BF03161087}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-03/deadly-death-cap-mushrooms-found-in-canberra-season-begins-early/7138204 |work=ABC News |first=Tegan |last=Osborne |title=Deadly death cap mushrooms found in Canberra's inner-south as season begins early |access-date=2 May 2016|date=2016-02-03 }}</ref> Although in the 21st century primitive digital applications exist to aid with identification, these are unreliable and some inexperienced hunters relying upon them have been seriously poisoned.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lapienytė |first=Jurgita |date=March 25, 2024 |title=AI tools can lead to severe mushroom poisoning |url=https://cybernews.com/tech/ai-severe-mushroom-poisoning/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Cybernews}}</ref>

Deadly poisonous mushrooms that are frequently confused with edible mushrooms and responsible for many fatal poisonings include several species of the genus ''[[Amanita]]'', particularly ''[[Amanita phalloides|A.&nbsp;phalloides]]'' (the death cap). Some mushrooms that are edible for most people can cause [[allergic reaction]]s in some individuals with no prior knowledge of an allergy; old or improperly stored specimens can go rancid quickly and cause [[food poisoning]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=McKnight |first1=Karl B. |title=Peterson field guide to mushrooms of North America |last2=Rohrer |first2=Joseph R. |last3=McKnight Ward |first3=Kirsten |last4=MacKnight |first4=Kent H. |last5=MacKnight |first5=Vera B. |date=2021 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |isbn=978-0-544-23611-0 |edition=2nd |series=Peterson field guides |location=Boston |pages=32–35}}</ref> When eating any fungus for the first time, only a small quantity of one species should be consumed at a time, allowing for several hours to identify any potential allergic reaction.{{Sfn|Arora|1986|p=889}} Even normally edible species of mushrooms may be dangerous, as certain mushrooms growing in polluted locations can act as chemical-absorbers, [[bioaccumulation|accumulating]] pollutants and [[heavy metals]], including [[arsenic]] and [[iron]], sometimes in lethal concentrations.<ref name="kalac00">{{cite journal |last1=Kalač |first1=Pavel |last2=Svoboda |first2=Lubomír |date=15 May 2000 |title=A review of trace element concentrations in edible mushrooms |journal=Food Chemistry |volume=69 |pages=273–281 |doi=10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00264-2 |number=3}}</ref> On the other hand, some cooking preparations may reduce the toxicity of slightly poisonous mushrooms enough to be consumed as survival food; for example, many prized fungi will cause gastric upset when eaten uncooked, such as ''Morchella'' species.<ref name=":2" />

Additionally, several varieties of fungi are known and documented to contain [[psychedelic]] drugs—the so-called [[magic mushroom]]s—yet resemble perfectly edible, non-[[psychoactive]] species. While not necessarily lethal to consume, to the uninitiated, an accidentally induced psychedelic experience can run the gamut from benign to terrifying, even depressing or psychotic. The most commonly consumed for recreational psychoactive use are ''[[Amanita muscaria]]'' (the fly agaric) and ''[[Psilocybe cubensis]]'', with the former containing alkaloids such as [[muscimol]] and the latter predominately [[psilocybin]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}} Both have the potential to induce in the user feelings of awe, wonder with nature, interesting visual hallucinations and inner peace (even in mild doses), but excessive or accidental consumption can create feelings of insanity, helplessness and fear, usually persisting for a few hours.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

{{nutritional value
| name = {{nowrap|[[White mushroom]]s,}} cooked, boiled, drained, without salt
| kJ = 117
| water = 91.1 g
| protein = 2.2 g
| fat = 0.5 g
| carbs = 5.3 g
| iron_mg = 1.7
| calcium_mg = 6
| magnesium_mg = 12
| phosphorus_mg = 87
| potassium_mg = 356
| zinc_mg = 0.9
| copper_mg = 0.5
| manganese_mg = 0.1
| selenium_ug = 13.4
| vitA_ug = 0
| pantothenic_mg = 2.2
| folate_ug = 18
| thiamin_mg = 0.1
| riboflavin_mg = 0.3
| niacin_mg = 4.5
| vitB6_mg = 0.1
| vitB12_ug = 0
| vitK_ug = 0
| choline_mg = 19.9
| vitE_mg = 0
| vitD_iu = 21
| opt1n = 
| opt1v = 
| note = [https://web.archive.org/web/20151222152401/http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/3414?fgcd=&manu=&lfacet=&format=Full&count=&max=35&offset=&sort=&qlookup=mushrooms Link to Full USDA Database entry]
}}

==Nutrition==
Boiled ''Agaricus'' mushrooms are 92% water, 3% [[carbohydrate]]s, 3% [[protein (nutrient)|protein]], and 0.3% [[fat]] (table). In a reference amount of {{convert|100|g}}, boiled [[white mushroom|white ''Agaricus'' mushrooms]] supply 28 [[calorie]]s of [[food energy]] and rich contents (20% or more of the [[Daily Value]], DV) of [[riboflavin]], [[Niacin (nutrient)|niacin]], and [[pantothenic acid]], [[copper in biology|copper]], and [[selenium in biology|selenium]] (23-56% DV), with a moderate content of [[potassium in biology|potassium]] (12% DV, table). Otherwise, raw white mushrooms generally have low amounts of [[micronutrient]]s (table).

=== Vitamin D ===
The content of [[vitamin D]] is absent or low unless mushrooms are exposed to [[sunlight]] or purposely treated with artificial [[ultraviolet light]], even after harvesting and being processed into dry powder.<ref name=LATeat/><ref name=d2/>

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table; margin: 0 1em 0 0; vertical-align: top;"
|-
! Name !! Chemical composition !! Structure
|-
! Vitamin D<sub>1</sub>
| [[ergocalciferol]] with [[lumisterol]], 1:1<ref name="pmid22868105">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kalaras MD, Beelman RB, Holick MF, Elias RJ | title=Generation of potentially bioactive ergosterol-derived products following pulsed ultraviolet light exposure of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) | journal=Food Chemistry | year= 2012 | volume= 135 | issue= 2 | pages= 396–401 | doi=10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.132 | pmid=22868105  }}</ref>
|
|-
! Vitamin D<sub>2</sub>
| [[ergocalciferol]] (made from [[ergosterol]])
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Ergocalciferol.svg|70px|Note [[double bond]] at top center.]]
|-
! Vitamin D<sub>3</sub>
| [[cholecalciferol]] (made from [[7-Dehydrocholesterol]] in the skin).
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Cholecalciferol.svg|70px]]
|}
</div>

When exposed to [[UV light]] before or after [[harvest]], mushrooms convert their large concentrations of [[ergosterol]] into vitamin&nbsp;D<sub>2</sub>.<ref name="LATeat">{{cite news |last=Bowerman |first=S |date=March 31, 2008 |title=If mushrooms see the light |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-mar-31-he-eat31-story.html}}</ref><ref name="d2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong SC, Song CH, Cho KY, Pang G |title=Vitamin D2 formation and bioavailability from ''Agaricus bisporus'' button mushrooms treated with ultraviolet irradiation |journal=[[Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry]] |volume=57 |issue=8 |pages=3351–3355 |date=April 2009 |pmid=19281276 |doi=10.1021/jf803908q |bibcode=2009JAFC...57.3351K }}</ref> This is similar to the [[Vitamin D-binding protein|reaction in humans]], where [[Cholecalciferol|vitamin D<sub>3</sub>]] is synthesized after exposure to sunlight.

Testing showed an hour of UV light exposure before harvesting made a serving of mushrooms contain twice the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]]'s [[Dietary Reference Intake#Vitamins and choline|daily recommendation]] of vitamin&nbsp;D. With 5 minutes of artificial UV light exposure after harvesting, a serving of mushrooms contained four times as much.<ref name="LATeat" /> Analysis also demonstrated that natural sunlight produced vitamin&nbsp;D<sub>2</sub>.<ref name=d2/>

The form of vitamin D found in UV-irradiated mushrooms is [[ergocalciferol]], or vitamin&nbsp;D<sub>2</sub>. This is not the same as cholecalciferol, called vitamin&nbsp;D<sub>3</sub>, which is produced by UV-irradiation of human or animal skin, fur, and feathers. Although vitamin D<sub>2</sub> has vitamin-D activity in humans, and is widely used in [[food fortification]] and [[nutritional supplement]]s, vitamin&nbsp;D<sub>3</sub> is more commonly used in dairy and cereal products.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

===Research===
{{As of|2021}}, mushroom consumption has not been shown to conclusively affect [[Cardiovascular disease#Risk factors|risk factors for cardiovascular diseases]].<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Krittanawong C, Isath A, Hahn J, Wang Z, Fogg SE, Bandyopadhyay D, Jneid H, Virani SS, Tang WH |year=2021|title=Mushroom Consumption and Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review|journal=[[American Journal of Medicine]]|url=|volume=134|issue=5|pages=637–642|doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.10.035|pmid=33309597|s2cid=229179866}}</ref>

== Uses ==
[[File:060725 vendedora de hongos guatemala.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|A vendor in [[Guatemala]] with a variety of mushrooms for sale]]

Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either harvested wild or cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets; those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the [[Tuber (fungus)|truffle]], [[matsutake]], and [[morel]]) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers and are sometimes available at [[farmers' markets]] or other local grocers. Mushrooms can be purchased fresh when in season and many species are also sold dried.

Before assuming that any wild mushroom is edible, it should be correctly identified. Accurate determination of and proper identification of a species is the only safe way to ensure edibility, and the only safeguard against possible poisoning. Some edible species cannot be identified without the use of advanced techniques such as chemistry or microscopy.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

=== History ===
The earliest evidence of consumption of mushrooms comes from 13,000-year-old archaeological sites in [[Chile]].{{cn|date=June 2025}} [[Ötzi]], the [[mummy]] of a man who lived between 3400 and 3100&nbsp;[[BCE]] in Europe, was found with two types of mushroom in his belongings.{{cn|date=June 2025}} [[Ancient Rome|Ancient Romans]] and [[Ancient Greece|Greeks]], particularly the upper classes, used mushrooms for culinary purposes. [[Food taster]]s were employed by [[Roman emperor]]s to ensure that mushrooms were safe to eat.<ref name=Jordan2006>{{cite book |author=Jordan P. |title=Field Guide to Edible Mushrooms of Britain and Europe |year=2006 |publisher=New Holland Publishers |isbn=978-1-84537-419-8 |page=10}}</ref> ''[[The Forme of Cury]]'', a 14th-century compilation of medieval English recipes, features a recipe of mushrooms and leeks cooked in broth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Forme of Cury |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8102/pg8102-images.html |publisher=Project Gutenberg |access-date=17 March 2024}}</ref>

=== Culinary ===
{{see also|List of mushroom dishes}}

====Cooking====
[[File:Stuffed portabella mushrooms, June 2009.jpg|thumb|[[Stuffed mushrooms]] prepared using [[Agaricus bisporus|portobello]] mushrooms]]

Cooking mushrooms before consumption is often required, both to eliminate [[mycotoxins]] including trace levels of toxic [[hydrazines]] and also to improve palatability and texture.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sayner |first=Adam |date=2021-09-27 |title=Can You Eat Mushroom Stems? How to Cook With Them |url=https://grocycle.com/can-you-eat-mushroom-stems/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=GroCycle |language=en-GB}}</ref> Frying, roasting, baking, and microwaving are all used to prepare mushrooms. Cooking lowers the amount of water present in the food. [[Chitin]], a structural polymer in the cell walls of mushrooms, does not break down until {{convert|380|C}}, which is not reached in any normal cooking.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deguchi |first1=Shigeru |last2=Tsujii |first2=Kaoru |last3=Horikoshi |first3=Koki |date=2015-07-07 |title=In situ microscopic observation of chitin and fungal cells with chitinous cell walls in hydrothermal conditions |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |article-number=11907 |doi=10.1038/srep11907 |pmid=26148792 |issn=2045-2322|pmc=4493705 |bibcode=2015NatSR...511907D }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-20 |title=Why you can't really overcook mushrooms |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/mushrooms-overcook-heat-chitin/ |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=www.pbs.org |language=en-US}}</ref> However, chitin connections may be broken down by cooking, allowing for easier digestion.<ref name=":1" />

====Storage====
[[File:Dried mushrooms.jpg|thumb|A collection of dried mushrooms]]

Mushrooms should be used as soon as possible, even if refrigerated (particularly ''[[Coprinus]]'' species).{{Sfn|Arora|1986|p=889}} Mushrooms can be frozen, but they freeze best when cooked first.{{Sfn|Arora|1986|p=891}} They can also be [[Canning|canned]], [[food drying|dried]], [[Marinated mushrooms|pickled]], or [[Salting (food)|salted]].{{Sfn|Arora|1986|pp=890–92}}

=== In traditional medicine ===
{{Main|Medicinal uses of fungi}}

Medicinal mushrooms are mushrooms or [[extract]]s from mushrooms that are thought to be treatments for [[disease]]s, yet remain unconfirmed in mainstream science and medicine, and so are not approved as [[drug]]s or [[medical treatment]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sullivan R, Smith JE, Rowan NJ |year=2006 |title= Medicinal mushrooms and cancer therapy: translating a traditional practice into Western medicine|journal=Perspect Biol Med |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=159–70 |doi= 10.1353/pbm.2006.0034|pmid=16702701 |s2cid=29723996 }}<!--|access-date=17 March 2013--></ref> Such use of mushrooms therefore falls into the domain of [[traditional medicine]]<ref name=Hobbs1995>{{cite book |author=Hobbs CJ. |title=Medicinal Mushrooms: An Exploration of Tradition, Healing & Culture |publisher=Culinary Arts Ltd |location=Portland, Oregon |year=1995 |page=20 |isbn=978-1-884360-01-5}}</ref> for which there is no direct [[evidence-based medicine|high-quality clinical evidence]] of efficacy.<ref name="mlp2019">{{cite web |date=19 January 2019 |title=Reishi mushroom |url=https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/905.html |access-date=24 January 2019 |publisher=MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine}}</ref><ref name="Money">{{cite journal |last=Money |first=Nicholas P. |year=2016 |title=Are mushrooms medicinal? |journal=Fungal Biology |volume=120 |issue=4 |pages=449–453 |doi=10.1016/j.funbio.2016.01.006 |issn=1878-6146 |pmid=27020147 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2016FunB..120..449M }}</ref> (Since about the mid-20th century, some compounds found in fungi have been developed scientifically for medicine, e.g. [[antibiotic]]s.)<ref name="pmid16589015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kavanagh F, Hervey A, Robbins WJ |date=September 1951 |title=Antibiotic substances from basidiomycetes: VIII. ''Pleurotus multilus'' (Fr.) Sacc. and ''Pleurotus passeckerianus'' Pilat. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=37 |issue=9 |pages=570–574 |bibcode=1951PNAS...37..570K |doi=10.1073/pnas.37.9.570 |pmc=1063423 |pmid=16589015 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="HoMBRG">{{cite Q|Q29581637}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kusakabe |first1=Y |last2=Yamauchi |first2=Y |last3=Nagatsu |first3=C |last4=Abe |first4=H |last5=Akasaki |first5=K |year=1969 |title=Citromycin, a new antibiotic. I. Isolation and characterization |journal=The Journal of Antibiotics |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=112–8 |doi=10.7164/antibiotics.22.112 |pmid=4978096 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

Preliminary research on mushroom extracts has been conducted to determine if anti-disease properties exist, such as for {{Nowrap|[[polysaccharide-K]]}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69194.cfm |title=Coriolus versicolor |website=About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products |publisher=Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center|date=3 October 2018|access-date=24 January 2019}}</ref> or [[lentinan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69279.cfm|title=Lentinan (Shiitake)|publisher=Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York|date=2017|access-date=11 January 2017}}</ref> Some extracts have widespread use in Japan, Korea and China, as potential [[adjuvant]]s for [[radiation treatment]]s and [[chemotherapy]].<ref name="CancerResearchUK">{{cite journal |last1=Sullivan |first1=Richard |last2=Smith |first2=John E. |last3=Rowan |first3=Neil J. |title=Medicinal Mushrooms and Cancer Therapy: translating a traditional practice into Western medicine |journal=Perspectives in Biology and Medicine |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=159–70 |year=2006 |pmid=16702701 |doi=10.1353/pbm.2006.0034|s2cid=29723996 }}</ref><ref name=Borchers>{{cite journal |last1=Borchers |first1=A. T. |last2=Krishnamurthy |first2=A. |last3=Keen |first3=C. L. |last4=Meyers |first4=F. J. |last5=Gershwin |first5=M. E. |title=The Immunobiology of Mushrooms |journal=Experimental Biology and Medicine |volume=233 |issue=3 |pages=259–76 |year=2008 |pmid=18296732 |doi=10.3181/0708-MR-227|citeseerx=10.1.1.546.3528 |s2cid=5643894 }}</ref>

== Gallery ==
;Commercially harvested species

{{gallery|mode=packed
|Common white mushrooms in various phases of cooking.jpg|''[[Agaricus bisporus]]'' (Common mushrooms) cooking
|Steinpilz 2006 08 3.jpg|''[[Boletus edulis]]'' at various ages
|Puffball_Mushrooms_On_Sale.jpg|''[[Calvatia gigantea]]'', the giant puffball at a market in England
|Chanterelle Cantharellus cibarius.jpg|[[Chanterelle]]s in the wild
|Dsc04896-Hydnum-coralloides.jpg|''[[Hericium coralloides]]''
|MorelShroom.JPG|''[[Morchella esculenta]]'' (Common morel)
}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Fungi|Food}}
* [[List of foods]]
* [[List of Chinese mushrooms and fungi]]
* [[Mushroom diet]]
* [[Mushroom ketchup]]
* [[List of mushroom dishes]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Sources===
* {{cite book|last=Arora|first=David|author-link=David Arora|title=Mushrooms Demystified|year=1986|publisher=Ten Speed Press|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=978-0-89815-169-5|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomsdemysti00aror_0/}}
*{{Cite book |last1=Davis |first1=R. Michael |title=Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America |last2=Sommer |first2=Robert |last3=Menge |first3=John A. |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-520-95360-4 |location=Berkeley |pages=224–225 |oclc=797915861 |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Field_Guide_to_Mushrooms_of_Western_Nort.html?id=961gjLm2o9EC}}
* {{cite book |last1=Miller Jr. |first1=Orson K. |author-link=Orson K. Miller Jr. |title=North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi |last2=Miller |first2=Hope H. |publisher=[[FalconGuide]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7627-3109-1 |location=Guilford, CN |url=https://archive.org/details/northamericanmus0000mill}}
* {{cite book |last=Phillips |first=Roger |title=Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America |publisher=Firefly Books |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-55407-651-2 |location=Buffalo, NY |url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomsotherfu0000phil}}

== External links ==
{{Cookbook|Mushroom}}
* {{Commons category inline|Edible mushrooms}}
* {{cite NSRW|short=x|wstitle=Mushrooms}}

{{Non-timber forest products}}
{{Yunnan cuisine}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Edible fungi| ]]
[[Category:Lists of foods|Mushrooms]]
[[Category:Meat substitutes]]
[[Category:Vegan cuisine]]
[[Category:Vegetarian cuisine]]

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