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{{Short description|British politician and journalist (born 1967)}}
{{Redirect|Gove}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name                = The Lord Gove
| honorific-suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|PC}}
| image               = Michael Gove Official Cabinet Portrait, October 2022 (cropped).jpg
| caption             = <!-- it's not the official portrait if it's cropped -->Gove in 2022
| office2             = [[Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities]]{{efn|Gove was initially appointed as Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government. On 19 September 2021, the department was renamed the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities, and his title changed accordingly.{{Sfn|"Ambitious plans to drive levelling up agenda". gov.uk}}}}
| primeminister2      = [[Rishi Sunak]]
| term_start2         = 25 October 2022
| term_end2           = 5 July 2024
| predecessor2        = [[Simon Clarke (politician)|Simon Clarke]]
| successor2          = [[Angela Rayner]]
| primeminister3      = [[Boris Johnson]]
| term_start3         = 15 September 2021
| term_end3           = 6 July 2022
| predecessor3        = [[Robert Jenrick]]
| successor3          = [[Greg Clark]]
| office4             = [[Minister for Intergovernmental Relations]]
| primeminister4      = [[Rishi Sunak]]
| term_start4         = 25 October 2022
| term_end4           = 5 July 2024
| predecessor4        = [[Nadhim Zahawi]]
| successor4          = [[Pat McFadden]]
| primeminister5      = [[Boris Johnson]]
| term_start5         = 18 September 2021
| term_end5           = 6 July 2022
| predecessor5        = ''Office established''
| successor5          = [[Nadhim Zahawi]]
| office6             = [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]
| primeminister6      = [[Boris Johnson]]
| term_start6         = 24 July 2019
| term_end6           = 15 September 2021
| predecessor6        = [[David Lidington]]
| successor6          = [[Steve Barclay]]
| office7             = [[Minister for the Cabinet Office]]
| primeminister7      = [[Boris Johnson]]
| term_start7         = 13 February 2020
| term_end7           = 15 September 2021
| predecessor7        = [[Oliver Dowden]]
| successor7          = [[Steve Barclay]]
| office8             = [[Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]]
| primeminister8      = [[Theresa May]]
| term_start8         = 11 June 2017
| term_end8           = 24 July 2019
| predecessor8        = [[Andrea Leadsom]]
| successor8          = [[Theresa Villiers]]
| office9             = [[Secretary of State for Justice]]<br>[[Lord Chancellor]]<!-- Please do not change to Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain; [[WP:COMMONNAME]] is Lord Chancellor.-->
| primeminister9      = [[David Cameron]]
| term_start9         = 9 May 2015
| term_end9           = 14 July 2016
| predecessor9        = [[Chris Grayling]]
| successor9          = [[Liz Truss]]
| office10            = [[Chief Whip|Chief Whip of the House of Commons]]<br />[[Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury]]
| primeminister10     = [[David Cameron]]
| term_start10        = 15 July 2014
| term_end10          = 9 May 2015
| predecessor10       = [[George Young, Baron Young of Cookham|George Young]]
| successor10         = [[Mark Harper]]
| office11            = [[Secretary of State for Education]]
| primeminister11     = [[David Cameron]]
| term_start11        = 12 May 2010
| term_end11          = 15 July 2014
| predecessor11       = [[Ed Balls]]
| successor11         = [[Nicky Morgan]]
{{Collapsed infobox section begin |last=yes |Shadow portfolios
|titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
| office              = [[Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families]]
| leader              = [[David Cameron]]
| term_start          = 2 July 2007
| term_end            = 11 May 2010
| predecessor         = [[David Willetts]]
| successor           = [[Ed Balls]]
| office1             = [[Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning]]
| leader1             = {{ubl|[[Michael Howard]]|[[David Cameron]]}}
| term_start1         = 10 May 2005
| term_end1           = 2 July 2007
| predecessor1        = [[John Hayes (British politician)|John Hayes]]
| successor1          = [[Grant Shapps]]
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
{{Collapsed infobox section begin |last=yes |Parliamentary offices
|titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
| office12            = [[Member of the House of Lords]]<br>[[Lord Temporal]]
| status12            = [[Incumbent]]
| term_start12        = 13 May 2025<br>[[Life peer]]age
| term_end12          = 
| office13            = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]<br />for [[Surrey Heath (UK Parliament constituency)|Surrey Heath]]
| term_start13        = 5 May 2005
| term_end13          = 30 May 2024
| predecessor13       = [[Nick Hawkins (politician)|Nick Hawkins]]
| successor13         = [[Al Pinkerton]]
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
| birth_name          = Graeme Andrew Logan
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1967|8|26|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Aberdeen]], Scotland
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| occupation          = {{flatlist|
* Journalist
* politician}}
| party               = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| otherparty          = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] (1983)
| spouse              = {{Marriage|[[Sarah Vine]]|2001|2021|end=separated}}
| children            = 2
| education           = [[Robert Gordon's College]]
| alma_mater          = [[Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
| website             = {{URL|michaelgove.com}}
| module              = {{Listen voice|filename=Michael Gove BBC Radio4 Start the Week 30 December 2013 b03mcmwx.flac|description=Gove on the teaching of history|recorded=30 December 2013}}
| signature           = Michael Gove Signature.png
}}

'''Michael Andrew Gove, Baron Gove''' ({{IPAc-en|g|o:|v|}}; born '''Graeme Andrew Logan''', 26 August 1967) is a British politician and journalist. A member of the [[House of Lords]] since May 2025, he previously held senior [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|Cabinet]] positions in [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] governments between 2010 and 2024. He was the [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Surrey Heath (UK Parliament constituency)|Surrey Heath]] from 2005 to 2024, during which he twice returned to the backbenches. He was a prominent figure in the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|2016 referendum]] on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union and stood for the [[Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative leadership]] on two occasions. Gove has been editor of ''[[The Spectator]]'' since 2024.

Born in [[Aberdeen]], Gove was in care until being adopted aged four months old, after which he was raised in the [[Kittybrewster]] area of the city. He attended the independent [[Robert Gordon's College]] and studied English at [[Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford]]. He then began a career as a journalist at ''[[The Press and Journal]]'' before having a long tenure as a leader writer at ''[[The Times]]''. Elected for Surrey Heath at the [[2005 United Kingdom general election|2005 general election]], he was appointed [[Secretary of State for Education]] in the [[Cameron–Clegg coalition]]. He terminated the previous Labour government's [[Building Schools for the Future]] programme, reformed [[A-Level]] and [[GCSE]] qualifications in favour of final [[examinations]], and responded to the [[Trojan Horse scandal]]. Four teachers unions passed motions of no confidence in his policies at their 2013 conferences. 

In the [[2014 British cabinet reshuffle|2014 cabinet reshuffle]], he was moved to the post of [[Government Chief Whip]]. Following the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]] and the formation of the [[Second Cameron ministry|majority Cameron government]], Gove was promoted to [[Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Lord Chancellor]]. As the co-convenor of [[Vote Leave]], Gove was seen, along with fellow Conservative MP [[Boris Johnson]], as one of the most prominent figures of the 2016 referendum on EU membership. He was campaign manager for Johnson in the [[2016 Conservative Party leadership election]] but withdrew his support on the morning Johnson was due to declare and announced his own candidacy, finishing behind [[Theresa May]] and [[Andrea Leadsom]].

Upon the appointment of May as prime minister, Gove was dismissed from the Cabinet but joined the [[second May government]] as [[Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]] following the [[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017 general election]]. In his second leadership bid, in 2019, Gove finished behind Boris Johnson and [[Jeremy Hunt]]. Following Johnson's victory, Gove was appointed [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]] with responsibility for [[no-deal Brexit]] preparations. He took on the additional role of [[Minister for the Cabinet Office]] in the [[2020 British cabinet reshuffle|2020 cabinet reshuffle]] and was responsible for coordinating the government's response to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|COVID-19 pandemic]]. After the [[2021 British cabinet reshuffle|2021 cabinet reshuffle]], he served as [[Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities]] and [[Minister for Intergovernmental Relations]] until telling Johnson to resign during the [[July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis|July 2022 government crisis]] and being dismissed by Johnson. Under [[Rishi Sunak]], he was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations. He stood down as an MP at the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]] and was created a [[life peer]] in 2025.

== Early life ==
Gove was born Graeme Andrew Logan on 26 August 1967.{{Sfn|Devlin|2019}}{{Sfn|Blanchard|2019}} His biological mother, whom he originally understood to have been an unmarried [[Edinburgh]] student, was in fact a 23-year-old cookery demonstrator.{{Sfn|Devlin|2019}} Gove regarded Edinburgh as his birthplace until it was revealed in a [[biography]] in 2019 that he was born in a [[maternity hospital]] in Fonthill Road, [[Aberdeen]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=1}} Logan was put into care soon after he was born.{{Sfn|Mendick|2019}}

At the age of four months he was adopted by a couple in Aberdeen, Ernest and Christine Gove, by whom he was brought up.{{Sfn|Johnson|2010}} After he joined the Gove family, Logan's name was changed to Michael Andrew Gove.{{Sfn|Devlin|2019}} His adoptive father, Ernest, ran EE Gove and Sons,{{Sfn|Carrell|2016}} a [[fish processing]] business at [[Aberdeen Harbour]] in [[Torry]].{{sfn|Petrie|2025}}{{sfn|Merson|2025}} Established by Ernest's father,{{Sfn|"Michael Gove 'Respects' Nigel Farage. YouTube}} the business was sold by Ernest in the 1980s.{{Sfn|Carrell|2016}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove 'Respects' Nigel Farage. YouTube}} Gove's adoptive mother, Christine, was a [[lab assistant]] at the [[University of Aberdeen]], later working at the Aberdeen School for the Deaf.{{Sfn|"Biography". The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP}}

Gove, his parents, and his adoptive sister Angela Christine lived in a small property in the [[Kittybrewster]] area of Aberdeen,{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=7}} before moving to a residence on Rosehill Drive. He was educated at two state schools (Sunnybank Primary School and Kittybrewster Primary School),{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=8}} and later, on the recommendation of his primary school teacher,{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=9}} he sat and passed the entrance exam for the independent [[Robert Gordon's College]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=10}}

At Robert Gordon's, classmates and teachers recalled him as confident and intellectually curious. According to a former teacher, "at the start of every lesson a hand would go up and it would be Michael". He rode an old-fashioned bicycle, wore suits, recited poetry and participated enthusiastically in debates, although he was less strong at sport.{{Sfn|Leslie|2015}} Gove later recalled feeling intellectually out of place at home{{Sfn|Watt|Wintour|2009}} and described himself as a "swot" who asked questions from an early age.{{Sfn|Taylor|2010}} In 2012, he wrote an apology letter to his former French teacher for misbehaving in class.{{Sfn|"Gove apologises to his former French teacher". BBC News}}

Gove joined the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in 1983{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=14}} and campaigned for the party in the [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983 general election]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=15}} Outside of school, he spent time as a [[Sunday school]] teacher at Causewayend Church.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=15}} As he entered [[sixth year]],{{Sfn|Aitkenhead|2012}} his father's business had collapsed and the family could no longer afford the school fees, so he won a scholarship.{{Sfn|Leslie|2015}} He served as a [[school prefect]] in his final two years.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=16}}

=== Oxford ===
[[File:Lady Margaret Hall Talbot.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|left|[[Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford]], where Gove studied (pictured in 2017)]]
In 1985, Gove enrolled at [[Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford]], where he read English.{{Sfn|"Prominent alumni". Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove". Newsnight Review}} While there he joined the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=34}} He became a member of the [[Oxford University Conservative Association]]{{Sfn|John|2016}} and served as secretary of [[Aberdeen South (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeen South]] [[Young Conservatives (UK)|Young Conservatives]].{{Sfn|Settle|2005}} During his first year,{{Sfn|Bennett|2019b}} he met future Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]]{{Sfn|Payne|2022}} and was an enthusiastic supporter of his campaign to be [[President of the Oxford Union]].{{Sfn|Campbell|Stewart|2025}} In an interview with [[Andrew Gimson]], Gove remarked that at Oxford, Johnson was "quite the most brilliant [[Extemporaneous speaking|extempore]] speaker of his generation".{{sfn|Gimson|2012}} Gove was elected President of the Oxford Union for [[Hilary term|Hilary]] term 1987.{{Sfn|Hibbert|1988}} 

While at Oxford and shortly afterwards, Gove participated in [[Cambridge Union]] debates where he sometimes used language that later drew criticism. In 1987, while president-elect of the Oxford Union, he took part in a debate on the [[British Empire]]. In his speech he said: "It may be moral to keep an empire because the [[Fuzzy-Wuzzy#Background|fuzzy-wuzzies]] can't look after themselves. It may be immoral to keep an empire because the people of the [[Third World]] have an inalienable right to self-determination, but that doesn't matter whether it's moral or immoral." He also described [[Margaret Thatcher]]'s policies as a "new empire" where "the happy [[Southern England|South]] stamps over the cruel, dirty, toothless face of the [[Northern England|Northerner]]", and said that gay people "thrive primarily upon short-term relations".{{Sfn|Bancroft|2021}} These and other remarks he made shortly after university later drew criticism.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove criticised over racist and homophobic language in student speeches". BBC News}} Gove graduated with an [[British undergraduate degree classification|upper second]]-class degree.{{Sfn|Blunkett|Flinders|2020}}

== Early career ==
After university, when applying for a job at the [[Conservative Research Department]], Gove was told he was "insufficiently political" and "insufficiently Conservative", so he turned to journalism.{{Sfn|Burkeman|2005}} After passing an interview with editor [[Max Hastings]], Gove briefly worked on ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''{{'}}s Peterborough column,{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=43}} edited by David Twiston-Davies. He reportedly found regular shifts hard to come by and was told by Twiston-Davies that his talent lay "in libel". Struggling to make a living in London,{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=44}} he moved back to Aberdeen and became a trainee reporter{{Sfn|Dorman|2010}} and court reporter{{sfn|Vine|2025|p=206}}{{sfn|Vine|2025|p=207}} at ''[[The Press and Journal]]'', where he spent several months on strike in the 1989–1990 dispute over union recognition and representation.{{Sfn|Dorman|2010}} From 1990 to 1991,{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=49}}{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=54}} he worked as a reporter for [[Scottish Television]], with a brief interlude at [[Grampian Television]] in Aberdeen.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=53}}

After moving to UK-wide television in 1991, Gove worked for the [[BBC]]'s ''[[On the Record (British TV programme)|On the Record]]'',{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=54}} and the [[Channel 4]] current affairs programme ''[[A Stab in the Dark (TV series)|A Stab in the Dark]]'', alongside [[David Baddiel]] and [[Tracey MacLeod]].{{Sfn|MacLeod|2016}} In 1994, he began working for the BBC's ''[[Today (BBC Radio 4)|Today]]'' programme.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=77}}{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=78}} In 1995, ''[[The Guardian]]'' identified Gove as part of "The Group", a circle of young Conservatives sceptical of [[John Major]]'s leadership and critical of the [[Welfare state in the United Kingdom|welfare state]] and [[European integration]], alongside figures such as [[Matthew d'Ancona]], [[Paul Goodman, Baron Goodman of Wycombe|Paul Goodman]], and [[Dean Godson, Baron Godson|Dean Godson]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=83}}{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=84}} During Major's [[1995 Conservative Party leadership election|1995 Conservative leadership contest]], Gove revealed ahead of rival broadcasters that [[Secretary of State for Wales|Welsh Secretary]] [[John Redwood]] would challenge the prime minister, drawing on his contacts within the Conservative Party.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=83}}

In January 1996 he joined ''[[The Times]]'' as a [[leader writer]] and assumed posts as its comment editor, home affairs editor, assistant editor, and Saturday editor.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=131}}{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} He also wrote a weekly column on politics and current affairs for the paper from 1999 until 2005{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} and contributed to ''[[The Times Literary Supplement]]'', ''[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]]'' magazine and ''[[The Spectator]]''. He was on good terms with the owner of the paper, [[Rupert Murdoch]],{{Sfn|Norman|2012}}{{Sfn|Spence|2016}} whom Gove described in evidence before the [[Leveson Inquiry]] as "one of the most impressive and significant figures of the last 50 years".{{Sfn|Parker|Warrell|2014}} He wrote a sympathetic biography of [[Michael Portillo]], ''Michael Portillo: The Future of the Right'', and a highly critical study of the [[Northern Ireland peace process]], ''The Price of Peace'', where he compared the [[Good Friday Agreement]] to [[appeasement]] of the [[Nazi Germany|Nazis]] in the 1930s.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove". Newsnight Review}}{{Sfn|Gove|1995}}{{Sfn|Gove|2000}}{{Sfn|Geoghegan|2016}} During his period at ''The Times'' he also broadcast regularly, on programmes including ''[[Any Questions?]]'', ''[[The Week in Westminster]]'', ''[[The Book Quiz]]'', ''[[Moral Maze]]'' and ''[[Newsnight Review]]'' (all on the BBC).{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} 

Gove co-founded [[Policy Exchange]],{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=165}} a conservative [[think tank]] launched in 2002,{{Sfn|"Michael Gove". Who Knows Who}}{{Sfn|Beckett|2008}} and chaired it for three years.{{Sfn|McSmith|2008}} He was seen as part of an influential group of Conservatives referred to as the [[Notting Hill set]], which included future [[Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)|party leader]] [[David Cameron]], future [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] [[George Osborne]], [[Ed Vaizey]], [[Nick Boles]], and [[Rachel Whetstone]].{{Sfn|"Who are the Notting Hill Set?". The Daily Telegraph}} They were considered modernisers within the Conservative Party, combining [[Social liberalism|socially liberal]] positions with an emphasis on environmental issues.{{Sfn|"The Modernisers' Manifesto". Bright Blue}} Having been passed over for the editorship of ''The Times''{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=165}} and seen his authority diminish, Gove began to focus on a political career.{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=172}} Cameron, who had long encouraged him privately, publicly urged him to enter politics, writing: "Give up the journalist's expense account and cast aside ambitions of editing the Thunderer. Gird up your loins and prepare for late nights sitting on uncomfortable green benches... In short, Michael, become a Tory MP."{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=170}}{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=171}} In 2004, Gove was commissioned to write a biography of [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]].{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} On 5 July 2004, he won the Conservative candidacy for [[Surrey Heath (UK Parliament constituency)|Surrey Heath]],{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=180}} after the sitting MP [[Nick Hawkins (politician)|Nick Hawkins]] was deselected by the local Conservative association{{Sfn|Kite|2004}} amid disputes over his personal conduct.{{Sfn|White|2004}} Gove then arranged to leave the staff of ''The Times'', but was retained on a contract to write a weekly column for the newspaper and other such pieces as might be commissioned ''ad hoc''.{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} Gove has helped to write speeches for Cabinet and Shadow Cabinet ministers, including [[Peter Lilley]] and [[Michael Howard]].{{Sfn|"ZCC Business Breakfast with Michael Gove MP". Zionist Central Council of Greater Manchester}}

== Political career ==
=== Member of Parliament: 2005–2010 ===
Gove was elected as MP for Surrey Heath at the [[2005 United Kingdom general election|2005 general election]], winning by 10,845 votes and a 51.5% vote share.{{sfn|"Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus}} After being elected he stood down from ''[[Moral Maze]]'' but continued to appear on ''[[Newsnight Review]]''. He was commissioned to write a book on terrorism in 2005, ''[[Celsius 7/7]]'', which was published in 2006.{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} In 2005, he was appointed [[Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning]].{{Sfn|Brown|2021}} During his time as an MP, as well as his column for ''The Times'' he also wrote columns for [[Building (magazine)|''Building'']] magazine and the newspaper ''[[Scotland on Sunday]]''.{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} He made his [[maiden speech]] on 7 June 2005, focusing on [[national security]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=188}} 

Over a five-month period between December 2005 and April 2006, Gove claimed more than £7,000 on a house bought with his wife [[Sarah Vine]], in 2002. Around a third of the money was spent at [[OKA Direct|OKA]], an upmarket interior design company established by [[Annabel Astor]], David Cameron's mother-in-law. Shortly afterwards he reportedly [[Flipping|flipped]] his designated second home, a property for which he claimed around £13,000 to cover costs including local authority searches, fees and [[stamp duty]]. Gove also claimed for a cot mattress, despite children's items being banned under updated Commons rules. Gove said he would repay the claim for the cot mattress, but maintained that his other claims were "below the acceptable threshold costs for furniture" and that moving house was necessary "to effectively discharge my parliamentary duties". While he was moving between homes, on one occasion he stayed at the [[Pennyhill Park Hotel]] in [[Bagshot]], [[Surrey]], charging the taxpayer more than £500 per night's stay.{{sfn|Hope|2009}}

Gove won the "Rising Star Award" at the February 2006 Channel 4 political awards.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=193}} He criticised the then-Labour government for its introduction of the Empty Properties Rating Bill, because he viewed it as a damaging tax, especially during an economic downturn. He also criticised Labour's top-down housing targets,{{sfn|"Michael Gove has been appointed housing secretary as part of a cabinet reshuffle". Homes Estate Agents}} a policy from the 2000s where the central government imposed mandatory housebuilding quotas on local councils.{{Sfn|Spry|2024}}

On 2 July 2007, Gove was promoted to the [[Shadow Cabinet of David Cameron|Shadow Cabinet]] as [[Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families]],{{Sfn|"In full: Cameron's shadow cabinet". BBC News}} shadowing [[Ed Balls]].{{Sfn|Gimson|2019}} In the role he advocated the introduction of a Swedish-style [[School voucher|education voucher]] system, whereby parents would choose where their child would be educated, with the state paying what they would have cost in a [[state school]].{{Sfn|McSmith|2008}} He also advocated Swedish-style [[Free school (England)|free schools]], to be managed by parents and funded by the state,{{Sfn|Shepherd|2010a}} with the possibility that such schools would be allowed to be run on a for-profit model.{{Sfn|Vasagar|2012a}} 

Gove occasionally contributed to the right-leaning ''[[Standpoint (magazine)|Standpoint]]'' magazine.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove". Standpoint}} He contracted [[Influenza A virus subtype H1N1|swine flu]] during the [[2009 influenza pandemic]].{{Sfn|Walker|2009}} In January 2010, he gave up his column for ''The Times'', in keeping with a policy governing Shadow Cabinet activity laid down by David Cameron at that time.{{Sfn|Gove|2012}} Many of his questions in Commons debates prior to the [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010 general election]] concerned children, schools and families, education, local government, [[Council Tax]], foreign affairs, and the environment.{{Sfn|"Speeches and Questions - Lord Gove, former MP". TheyWorkForYou}} At the 2010 general election, Gove was re-elected, winning an increased majority of 17,289, and with an increased vote share of 57.6%.{{sfn|"Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus}}

=== Secretary of State for Education: 2010–2014 ===
{{main|Michael Gove as Education Secretary}}
[[File:Michael Gove Minister.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Official portrait, 2012]]
With the formation of the [[Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government]] following the hung parliament after the 2010 general election, Gove became [[Secretary of State for Education]]. His first moves included reorganising [[Department for Education|his department]],{{Sfn|"Department for Education returns in coalition rebrand". BBC News}} announcing plans to allow schools rated as Outstanding by [[Ofsted]] to become [[Academy (English school)|academies]],{{Sfn|Harrison|2010}} and for groups such as parents and charities to establish new state-funded [[Free school (England)|free schools]],{{Sfn|Barker|2010}} and cutting the previous government's school-building programme, [[Building Schools for the Future]].{{Sfn|Richardson|2010}} He apologised, however, when the list of terminated school-building projects he had released was found to be inaccurate;{{Sfn|"Gove apologises over school building list errors". BBC News}} the list was reannounced several times before it was finally accurately published.{{Sfn|Shepherd|2010b}}

Gove's second home was not in his constituency, but in [[Elstead]], in the [[South West Surrey]] constituency. Gove sold the house and began to commute to his constituency.{{Sfn|"No base in the borough for Surrey Heath MP". Surrey Live}}

During the 2010 Conservative Party Conference, Gove announced that the [[National Curriculum for England|primary and secondary-school national curricula]] for England would be restructured, and that study of authors such as [[Lord Byron|Byron]], [[John Keats|Keats]], [[Jane Austen|Austen]], [[Charles Dickens|Dickens]], and [[Thomas Hardy|Hardy]] would be reinstated in English lessons as part of a plan to improve children's grasp of [[English literature]] and [[English language|language]].{{Sfn|Paton|2010b}} Academies and free schools were not required to follow the national curriculum, and so weren't affected by the reforms.{{Sfn|"2010 to 2015 government policy: school and college qualifications and curriculum". gov.uk}} Children who failed to write coherently and grammatically, or who were weak in spelling, were penalised in the new examinations. Standards in mathematics and science were also strengthened.{{Sfn|Paton|2010b}} Gove won the "Minister of the Year" award at the 2011 ''Spectator'' awards.{{Sfn|"Dods Parliamentary Companion 2013". Dods Group}}

In February 2011, Gove told Parliament that one individual adviser had earned £1,000,000 in a single year, when in fact the total pay for five advisers over a four-year period was £700,000, spread across a programme covering more than 80 schools. The following month, he was criticised for suggesting that architects had "creamed off" money that could be better spent on teaching, and for misrepresenting the cost of school architecture, leading to accusations that he underestimated the importance of school design for pupils' behaviour and educational outcomes.{{Sfn|Moore|2011}}

During the Cameron–Clegg ministry, Gove was the subject of repeated criticism for alleged attempts to avoid the provisions of the [[Freedom of Information Act 2000|Freedom of Information Act]]. The criticism surrounded Gove's use of various private email accounts to send emails that allegedly related to his departmental responsibilities. The allegations suggested that Gove and his advisers believed they could avoid their correspondence being subject to freedom of information requests, as they believed that their private email accounts were not subject to the Freedom of Information Act. In September 2011, the ''[[Financial Times]]'' reported that Gove had used an undisclosed private email account—called "Mrs Blurt"—to discuss government business with advisers.{{Sfn|Ensor|2011}}{{Sfn|Vasagar|2012b}} In March 2012 the [[Information Commissioner's Office|Information Commissioner]] ruled that because emails the ''Financial Times'' had requested contained public information they could be the subject of a freedom of information request and ordered the information requested by the paper to be disclosed.{{Sfn|Smith|2012}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove loses 'private email' battle". BBC News}} It was also alleged by the ''Financial Times'' that Gove and his advisors had destroyed email correspondence in order to avoid freedom of information requests. The allegation was denied by Gove's department, which stated that deleting email was simply part of good computer housekeeping.{{Sfn|Henry|2012}}{{Sfn|Cook|2012}}

In February 2012, when asked about the possibility of running for the Conservative Party leadership in the future, Gove said: "I'm constitutionally incapable of it. There's a special extra quality you need that is indefinable, and I know I don't have it. There's an equanimity, an impermeability and a courage that you need. There are some things in life you know it's better not to try."{{Sfn|Martin|2012}} Nevertheless, a few months later, Michael Portillo backed Gove as a serious contender in a future Conservative Party leadership contest.{{Sfn|"Portillo: Gove 'serious candidate' as Tory leader". BBC News}} 

In September 2012, Gove announced to the House of Commons an [[English Baccalaureate]] to replace [[GCSEs]], comprising English, Maths, Science, together with a Humanities subject and language,{{Sfn|"Planned switch from GCSEs to Baccalaureate in England 'abandoned'". BBC News}} to be first examined in 2017.{{Sfn|Watt|2012}} The English Baccalaureate would cut back heavily on the use of classroom assessment and coursework,{{Sfn|Meikle|2012}} with exams at the end of the course in a return to an [[GCE Ordinary Level (United Kingdom)|O-level]] style traditional qualification. The plans were dropped in February 2013, after a report by the [[Education Select Committee]] said the changes would mean "too much, too fast" and could threaten exam quality.{{Sfn|"Planned switch from GCSEs to Baccalaureate in England 'abandoned'". BBC News}}

In March 2013, 100 academics wrote an open letter arguing that Gove's curriculum placed too much emphasis upon memorisation of facts and rules over understanding, and would lead to more rote learning.{{Sfn|"Letters: Gove will bury pupils in facts and rules". The Independent}} Gove retorted that "there is good academia and bad academia".{{Sfn|Shepherd|2013a}} In response, one signatory to the letter opined that Gove suffered from a "blinkered, almost messianic, self-belief, which appears to have continually ignored the expertise and wisdom of teachers, head-teachers, advisers and academics, whom he often claims to have consulted".{{Sfn|"Letters: Gove ignores the real issues with the curriculum". The Independent}}

Gove was criticised by teachers unions for his attempts to overhaul English education.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove signals end for specialist schools". Evening Standard}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove speaks about the importance of teaching". gov.uk}} At the [[Association of Teachers and Lecturers]] Annual Conference in March 2013 a motion of no-confidence in Gove was passed.{{Sfn|"Teachers Pass No Confidence Vote In Gove". Sky News}} The next month the [[National Union of Teachers]] passed a vote of no confidence in Gove at their annual conference and called for his resignation.{{Sfn|Shepherd|2013b}} The [[National Association of Head Teachers]] and [[NASUWT]] also passed motions of no confidence at their conferences that year.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove heckled at head teachers' conference in Birmingham". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Press Association|2013}} Large-scale teacher strikes were held over pay, workload, and the pace of change.{{Sfn|"Teachers To Stage New Strikes Over Pay Row". Sky News}}

=== Chief Whip: 2014–2015 ===
On 15 July 2014, Gove's four-year stint in charge of the Department for Education came to an end when he was dismissed{{Sfn|"British PM Cameron sacks ally Gove, promotes women to cabinet". Reuters}} as Secretary of State for Education in [[2014 British cabinet reshuffle|a wide-ranging cabinet reshuffle]]. Gove was moved to the post of Government [[chief whip]],{{Sfn|"Michael Gove moved to chief whip in cabinet reshuffle". BBC News}} which was portrayed as a demotion by his detractors; Prime Minister Cameron denied this was the case.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove move not a demotion, says David Cameron". BBC News}} Private polling had reportedly showed that Gove had become a "toxic liability" among teachers, prompting the prime minister's electoral strategist, [[Lynton Crosby]], to advise his removal from the education brief ahead of the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]]. The reshuffle also allowed Cameron to promote a number of women into the Cabinet, with [[Nicky Morgan]] replacing Gove.{{Sfn|Watt|Wintour|2014a}} 

Gove told [[BBC News]] that he had mixed emotions about starting the new role, saying it was a privilege to become Chief Whip but that leaving the Department for Education was "a wrench".{{Sfn|"Michael Gove: 'It's a wrench but a privilege changing job'". BBC News}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove moved to chief whip in cabinet reshuffle". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Watt|Wintour|2014b}} The position came with a £30,000 pay cut.{{Sfn|Graham|2014}} However, Gove was given an "enhanced role in campaigning and doing broadcast media interviews".{{Sfn|Watt|Wintour|2014b}} According to ''The Daily Telegraph''{{'}}s Georgia Graham, this specific media role saw Gove on television and radio "more than a traditional Chief Whip would be".{{Sfn|Graham|2014}} 

Gove missed his first House of Commons vote in the new role. Shadow Commons Leader [[Angela Eagle]] said that he "not only lost his first vote but managed to get stuck in the toilet in the wrong lobby".{{Sfn|Withnall|2014}} In October 2014, Gove was reported to have "irritated senior [[Mandarin (bureaucrat)|mandarins]]" by being offered a standing invitation to attend their weekly "Wednesday Morning" meetings.{{Sfn|"Civil Service Reform - Detailed History - Note 15". Understanding the Civil Service}}

In November 2014, MPs voted on retaining 35 EU police and justice directives – including the [[European Arrest Warrant]] (EAW).{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=300}} A ruse was devised whereby MPs would get a vote on 11 of the 35 measures the UK was planning to opt in on, but not the EAW itself. The Government would take the passing of the 11 as a go-ahead for retaining the warrant.{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=301}} This approach led to criticism from Eurosceptic MPs, opposition parties, and the [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|speaker of the House of Commons]], [[John Bercow]].{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=301}}{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=302}}{{Sfn|"Monday in Westminster". BBC News}} Gove remained in the post of chief whip until May 2015, when the role was taken over by [[Mark Harper]].{{Sfn|"Michael Gove moves to justice in post-election reshuffle". BBC News}}

=== Secretary of State for Justice: 2015–2016 ===
[[File:Michael Gove government portrait 2015.jpg|thumb|Official portrait, 2015]]
At the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], Gove was again re-elected, increasing his majority to 24,804 and increasing his vote share to 59.9%.{{sfn|"Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus}} Following the election, Cameron promoted Gove as [[Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Lord Chancellor]] in his newly formed Cabinet.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove moves to justice in post-election reshuffle". BBC News}} He was praised in December 2015 for scrapping the courts fee introduced by his predecessor, [[Chris Grayling]].{{Sfn|Dugan|Wright|2015}} The fee had been heavily criticised for, among other things, causing innocent people to plead guilty out of financial concerns.{{Sfn|Cooper|2015}} Gove removed the 12-book limit on prison books introduced by Grayling, arguing that books increased literacy and numeracy, skills needed for making prisoners a "potential asset to society". The move, effective from September 2015, was welcomed by [[Frances Crook]] of the [[Howard League for Penal Reform]].{{Sfn|"Prisoner book restrictions scrapped by Michael Gove". BBC News}} Gove was also praised for his prominent role in scrapping a British bid for a Saudi prison contract.{{Sfn|Watt|Travis|2015}}

Within three months of his taking office, the Criminal Bar Association (CBA) voted to stop taking new work in protest at Gove's insistence that they work for lower fees.{{Sfn|Bowcott|2015}} The CBA subsequently praised his "courage" in reversing the proposed cuts.{{Sfn|Barrett|2016}} On 14 July 2016 Gove was removed from the position of justice secretary by the new prime minister, [[Theresa May]].{{Sfn|"Theresa May's cabinet: Who's in and who's out?". BBC News}}

==== EU referendum ====
[[File:Pro EU protesters against Gove and Farage.jpg|thumb|[[Pro-Europeanism|Pro-European Union]] protesters waving two banners depicting Gove (left) and [[UK Independence Party]] leader [[Nigel Farage]] (right)]]
Gove was a prominent figure in the [[Vote Leave|campaign for Britain to leave the EU]] in the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|2016 referendum]] and described his decision to take that side as "the most difficult decision of my political life".{{Sfn|"'Brexit' Campaign Leaders". The Wall Street Journal}}{{Sfn|"UK 'better off' out of EU – Michael Gove". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Apps|2016}} In 2015, he and his family spent Christmas with the Cameron family at [[Chequers]] where, according to [[Craig Oliver (British journalist)|Craig Oliver]], Cameron was under the impression that Gove would support remaining in the EU.{{sfn|Oliver|2016|p=52}} Despite this, Gove decided to support the Leave campaign. At the beginning of March 2016, he was appointed co-convenor of [[Vote Leave]], with Labour MP [[Gisela Stuart]], and given responsibility for chairing the campaign committee.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=326}}

He argued Britain would be "freer, fairer and better off" for leaving,{{Sfn|"UK 'better off' out of EU – Michael Gove". BBC News}} and that "[t]he day after we vote to leave, we hold all the cards and we can choose the path we want."{{Sfn|Sommerlad|2019}} When in an interview it was claimed that there was no expert opinion to support this, Gove remarked that "the people of this country have had enough of experts from organisations with acronyms saying they know what is best and getting it consistently wrong."{{Sfn|Lowe|2016}} However, interviewer [[Faisal Islam]] interrupted Gove after the word "experts",{{Sfn|Sparrow|2016}} causing some sources to report that he had made a general statement that "the people... have had enough of experts".{{Sfn|"Britain has had enough of experts, says Gove". Financial Times}} In 2021, [[Louise Richardson]], the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Oxford]], said she was "embarrassed" that Gove was an alumnus, on account of these comments.{{Sfn|Hancock|2021}}

In her memoir, Gove's wife [[Sarah Vine]] wrote that he was hoping for a respectable Leave turnout, after which he could set about repairing relationships that had been damaged during the campaign.{{sfn|Vine|2025|p=12}} However, the Leave campaign won, leading to Cameron's resignation. In his memoir ''[[For the Record (book)|For the Record]]'', Cameron described Gove during this period as "mendacious", adding: "One quality shone through, disloyalty. Disloyalty to me and, later, disloyalty to Boris [Johnson]".{{Sfn|Davies|2019}}

==== 2016 leadership election ====
{{See also|2016 Conservative Party leadership election}}

After Cameron announced his intention to resign as prime minister, Gove was not expected to be a candidate, having said in the past that he had no interest in becoming prime minister.{{Sfn|Dominiczak|2016a}} Instead, he was seen as a strong, highly influential supporter of Johnson for that role. In a move that surprised most political analysts, Gove withdrew his support for Johnson on 30 June 2016, hours before the deadline, without any previous notice to Johnson and announced his own candidacy in the leadership election. Subsequently, Johnson declined to run.{{Sfn|"Boris Johnson rules himself out of Conservative leader race". BBC News}}

Gove said: "I wanted to help build a team behind Boris Johnson so that a politician who argued for leaving the European Union could lead us to a better future. But I have come, reluctantly, to the conclusion that Boris cannot provide the leadership or build the team for the task ahead. I have, therefore, decided to put my name forward for the leadership."{{Sfn|Cowburn|2016a}} ''The Daily Telegraph'' said that Gove's actions in undermining Johnson's leadership aspirations constituted "the most spectacular political assassination in a generation"{{Sfn|Swinford|Hope|Dominiczak|2016}} while ''The Guardian'' labelled it as a "Machiavellian move".{{Sfn|Mason|Stewart|2016}}

By 5 July 2016, Gove was in third place in the leadership election by number of MP backers, behind May and [[Andrea Leadsom]]; the latter had gained an endorsement from Johnson. Some political analysts predicted that Gove might quit the race if he was unable to beat Leadsom in the first round of voting.{{Sfn|Boyle|Wilkinson|Dominiczak|Swinford|2016}} Later that day, it was announced that May had won the first round of voting, with support from 165 MPs, while Andrea Leadsom received 66 votes and Gove trailed with 48.{{Sfn|"Tory leadership: Theresa May tops first vote but Fox and Crabb out". BBC News}} Gove was eliminated in the second ballot after receiving 46 votes, compared to 199 for May and 84 for Leadsom.{{Sfn|"Gove eliminated from Conservative party leadership contest". FE Week}} He subsequently told the media that he was "naturally disappointed" and described his two opponents as "formidable politicians", welcoming the fact that the next prime minister would be female. He also encouraged a "civilised, inclusive, positive and optimistic debate".{{Sfn|"Theresa May v Andrea Leadsom to be next prime minister". BBC News}}

=== Out of office: 2016–2017 ===
[[File:Michael Gove 20160715 (30113151446).jpg|thumb|Gove addressing a dinner audience on 15 July 2016, the day after his dismissal as [[Secretary of State for Justice]]]]
On 14 July 2016, Gove was dismissed by the prime minister, Theresa May.{{Sfn|Walker|2016}} In a two-minute meeting,{{Sfn|Craig|2016}} May said: "One of the things that's very important is loyalty, and after the last few weeks I've been speaking to people in the party... I wouldn't say that you could never come back, but you need to take a period on the backbenches in order to demonstrate loyalty".{{Sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=351}}

In the aftermath of the EU referendum, Gove was accused by [[Nick Clegg]] of being the source of a claim by ''[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]]'' that [[Queen Elizabeth II]] made comments supportive of Brexit in a private lunch at [[Windsor Castle]]. Clegg told a BBC documentary that Gove "obviously communicated it – well, I know he did".{{Sfn|"Nick Clegg: Michael Gove behind Queen backs Brexit story". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Cowburn|2016b}} ''The Sun'' said it had "multiple sources" and was confident its report was true.{{Sfn|"Gove 'did not brief' Queen Brexit story". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Dominiczak|Hope|2016}}

In October 2016, Gove was elected to the [[Exiting the European Union Select Committee]].{{Sfn|Craig|2016}} That month, he was re-hired by ''The Times''{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=353}} as a weekly{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=354}} columnist and book reviewer.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=353}} As well as attending meetings of the newspaper's politics team, Gove was dispatched to the United States{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=354}} to report on campaign rallies in the [[2016 United States presidential election|upcoming presidential election]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=355}}

In December 2016, Gove defended a Vote Leave claim that an additional £350&nbsp;million a week could be spent on the [[National Health Service|NHS]] when Britain left the EU. Gove said the figure was robust and it was up to the Government to decide how to spend it.{{Sfn|Mason|2016}}

In January 2017, in his capacity as a writer for ''The Times'', Gove conducted an interview with [[Donald Trump]], the [[president-elect of the United States]], along with [[Kai Diekmann]] from ''[[Bild]]''. Gove was the first British journalist to interview Trump following the 2016 United States presidential election,{{Sfn|Gove|2017}}{{Sfn|Stewart|2017}} and the second British politician to meet him as President-elect after [[Nigel Farage]].{{Sfn|Sharman|2017}} Despite preferring [[Hillary Clinton]] to Trump as [[President of the United States]],{{Sfn|Dimbleby|2017}} Gove's interview and consequent defence of it was seen by some political commentators as praising the president-elect unduly.{{Sfn|Crace|2017}}{{Sfn|Freedland|2017}}

=== Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs: 2017–2019 ===
[[File:Rural debate between Michael Gove and Fergus Ewing.jpg|thumb|Gove with [[Fergus Ewing]], the Scottish government's [[Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs and Islands|Rural Economy Secretary]], in February 2019]]
At the snap [[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017 general election]], Gove was again re-elected, increasing his majority to 24,943 and increasing his vote share to 64.2%.{{Sfn|"Loony Party Candidates". The Official Monster Raving Loony Party}} Following the election, Gove was promoted to [[Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]] by May during a reshuffle.{{Sfn|Roberts|2017}} Gove said he "was quite surprised" to be asked to join the Cabinet after May dismissed him in 2016 after she became prime minister.{{Sfn|Elgot|2017}} May said: "At this important time for our country, [the public] need stability and certainty provided by the Government, and that's what I've been doing today, putting together a Cabinet that reflects the wealth of talent and experience across the Conservative Party".{{Sfn|Craig|2017}}

Following his appointment, Gove announced that a [[microbead]] ban would be put into place by the end of 2017.{{Sfn|Knapton|2017}} However, the ban arrived in early 2018. It meant that manufacturers could no longer produce the tiny beads used in cosmetics and care products. Another ban came in June 2018 which stopped shops from selling products that contained the beads. The reasoning behind the ban was to stop the beads harming marine life.{{Sfn|"World leading microbeads ban comes into force". gov.uk}}

In July 2017, Gove announced that a [[Internal combustion engine|fuel combustion vehicle]] ban would be put into place to reduce [[Air pollution in the United Kingdom|air pollution]]. He said that the ban would take effect by 2040 and end the sales of new fuel combustion cars, trucks, vans, and buses that have petrol and diesel engines in the UK. The ban did not include [[Plug-in hybrid|plug-in hybrid vehicles]].{{Sfn|MacLellan|Faulconbridge|2017}}

Gove introduced a ban on bee-harming pesticides like [[neonicotinoids]].{{Sfn|Carrington|2017}} He was praised by [[Greenpeace UK]] executive director [[John Sauven]] for his strong stance on issues like bee-harming pesticides, [[single-use plastic]], and the future of the internal combustion engine. Sauven said: "Gove has defied many people's expectations on the environment".{{Sfn|Asthana|2017}}

In October 2017, Gove issued an apology for a joke which compared tough interviews on the ''Today'' programme to [[Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations|a sexual encounter with Harvey Weinstein]].{{Sfn|Heighton|2017}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove apologises for 'clumsy' Weinstein joke on Today". BBC News}} He was criticised by political opponents who felt allegations of sexual abuse were not a suitable subject for jokes.{{Sfn|Ruddick|2017}}

Other policies Gove had announced by December 2017 were that [[CCTV]] would be used in all slaughterhouses and beavers would be reintroduced into the UK.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=363}}

Gove faced criticism over the appointment of [[Ben Goldsmith]] to the role of non-executive director{{Sfn|Kleinman|2018}} at the [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]] as Goldsmith had previously donated cash to Gove's Surrey Heath constituency. Concerns were also raised about the selection process for the job, which was overseen by [[Ian Cheshire (businessman)|Sir Ian Cheshire]], the chairman of Goldsmith's investment firm, Menhaden Capital Management.{{Sfn|Vaughan|2018}}

An important aspect of Gove's tenure was the introduction of laws concerning [[Animal welfare in the United Kingdom|animal welfare]]. Maximum sentences for the crime of animal cruelty increased, as did protection for animals used by Government services, such as [[police dog]]s and [[Mounted police|horses]].{{Sfn|"Animal cruelty maximum sentences will be increased government confirms". gov.uk}} One of the "toughest worldwide bans" on [[ivory trade]] was also introduced in 2018.{{Sfn|"UK ivory ban among world's 'toughest', Michael Gove says". BBC News}}

May offered Gove the post of [[secretary of state for exiting the European Union]] after [[Dominic Raab]]'s resignation over the [[Brexit withdrawal agreement]] in November 2018. Gove rejected the offer after May told him that there was no chance of trying to renegotiate the agreement.{{Sfn|Schofield|2018}}

In January 2019, May survived a [[2019 vote of confidence in the May ministry|vote of no confidence]] in her government, after a "barnstorming" speech from Gove in her defence directed towards the [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Leader of the Labour Party]], [[Jeremy Corbyn]].{{Sfn|Bennett|2019c}} The speech, which gained significant media attention, attacked Corbyn for his foreign policy record, with Tom Rogan of the ''[[Washington Examiner]]'' describing it as "A tour de force. It was angry but not fanatical, passionate but not somber, and intellectual but simply put".{{Sfn|Rogan|2019}}

In March 2019, Gove argued that "we didn't vote to [[No-deal Brexit|leave without a deal]]. That wasn't the message of the campaign I helped lead. During that campaign, we said we should do a deal with the EU and be part of the network of free trade deals that covers all Europe, from Iceland to Turkey". Gove consistently voted for Theresa May's withdrawal deal, and during the referendum campaign he had written a letter alongside other MPs saying that it was "in everyone's interests to do a free trade deal".{{Sfn|"Brexit: Did Dominic Raab warn of no-deal during referendum campaign?". BBC News}}

In April 2019, after having a meeting with [[Extinction Rebellion]], Gove said he agreed with the activists that there needed to be a deeper level of public understanding over [[Climate change in the United Kingdom|climate change]], but he declined to [[Climate emergency declarations in the United Kingdom|declare a climate emergency]] in the United Kingdom.{{Sfn|"Extinction Rebellion: Activists say meeting with Michael Gove 'disappointing'". BBC News}} Despite Gove's position, Parliament passed a motion to declare a climate emergency.{{Sfn|"UK Parliament declares climate change emergency". BBC News}}

In May 2019, Gove introduced the Wild Animals in Circuses Bill, which banned the use of [[wild animal]]s in [[travelling circus]]es in England.{{Sfn|"Gove delivers legislation to ban wild animals in circuses". gov.uk}}

==== 2019 leadership election ====
{{See also|2019 Conservative Party leadership election}}

[[File:Ready To Unite Ready To Deliver Ready To Lead logo.png|Logo for Gove's leadership bid|thumb|alt="Ready To Unite Ready To Deliver Ready To Lead" written in blue block capitals.|upright=1.2]]
On 26 May 2019, Gove announced he would stand for the Conservative leadership following May's resignation, entering the contest.{{Sfn|"Tory leadership: Raab sets out leader bid as Gove joins race". BBC News}} He promised to remove the charge for UK citizenship applications from EU nationals if elected,{{Sfn|"Tory leadership contest: Michael Gove pledge on EU citizenship applications". BBC News}} and to replace [[Value-added tax in the United Kingdom|VAT]] with a "simpler sales tax".{{Sfn|"Tory leadership contest: Michael Gove 'would scrap VAT'". BBC News}} He also promised to review the [[High Speed 2]] rail project{{Sfn|"Michael Gove answers ConservativeHome readers' questions". ConservativeHome}} and planned to increase school funding by £1 billion.{{Sfn|Walker|2019}} Unlike most other candidates who pledged to leave the EU on 31 October 2019 whether a deal was in place or not, Gove said that he would not be bound by the 31 October deadline if an agreement was within reach.{{Sfn|Wills|Morrison|2019}}

By 5 June 2019, Johnson became the clear frontrunner with the bookmakers, with Gove second favourite.{{Sfn|Murphy|Cecil|2019}} In June, reports emerged that Gove had taken [[cocaine]] as a journalist in his twenties. Gove stated that he regretted having done so, and regarded it as having been a mistake.{{Sfn|Busby|Gayle|2019}}{{Sfn|"Michael Gove: Cocaine 'mistake' a 'deep regret'". BBC News}} In an article for ''The Times'' in December 1999, Gove had argued against the legalisation of drugs and criticised members of the middle classes for their hypocrisy in doing so.{{Sfn|"Gove criticised cocaine users pushing for legalisation in 1999 column". ITV News}} Gove's cocaine use was a key component of his bid to be leader. In reaction, [[Craig Oliver (British journalist)|Craig Oliver]] said it would have a negative impact on his run whereas fellow candidate for leadership Dominic Raab said he "admires [Gove's] honesty".{{Sfn|Busby|Gayle|2019}}

Gove progressed following the first ballot of Conservative MPs, having received 37 votes. He received 41 votes in the second ballot, and by the third ballot had 51 MPs backing him. The fourth ballot saw him gain 61 votes, moving him into second position. In the last ballot, he had 75 votes and was voted out – losing by only two to [[Jeremy Hunt]], the eventual runner-up.{{Sfn|"Tory leadership: Boris Johnson and Jeremy Hunt are final two". BBC News}}

=== Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster: 2019–2021 ===
Upon the election of Johnson as prime minister, Gove was appointed [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]].{{Sfn|Casalicchio|2019}} His [[Minister without portfolio (United Kingdom)|non-portfolio]] role included responsibility for no-deal Brexit preparations, overseeing [[constitutional affairs]], maintaining the integrity of the [[United Kingdom|Union]], and having oversight over all [[Cabinet Office]] policy.{{Sfn|Wright|2019}}{{Sfn|"The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP". gov.uk}} Gove was excluded from a place on the [[National Security Council (United Kingdom)|National Security Council]] committee as Johnson pursued a slimming down of Cabinet operations.{{Sfn|Hope|2019a}} He became a central figure in the conduction of [[Operation Yellowhammer]], the civil servant contingency planning for the possibility of a no-deal Brexit.{{Sfn|Thimont Jack|Etherington|Owen|2020}}

Writing in ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' on 28 July 2019, Gove said that a no-deal Brexit was "a very real prospect" and one that the Government was "working on the assumption of".{{Sfn|"No-deal Brexit now 'assumed' by government, says Gove". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Gove|2019}} He said in August that it was "wrong and sad" that the EU was "refusing to negotiate" over a new withdrawal agreement.{{Sfn|"Brexit: EU 'refusing to negotiate', says Gove". BBC News}} That month, an official Cabinet Yellowhammer document leaked, predicting that a no-deal Brexit would lead to food, medicine, and petrol shortages. Gove said the leaked dossier outlined a "worst-case scenario".{{Sfn|"Brexit: No-deal dossier shows worst-case scenario - Gove". BBC News}} Interviewed in September 2019, Gove declined to say whether the Government would abide by legislation designed to stop a no-deal Brexit.{{Sfn|"Brexit: Gove won't commit to abide by law to block no deal". BBC News}}

In 2019, [[LBC]]'s [[Iain Dale]] placed Gove third in a list of that year's "Top 100 Most Influential Conservatives".{{Sfn|Dale|2019}} During the [[2019 Speaker of the British House of Commons election|2019 Speaker of the House of Commons election]], Gove nominated Labour MP [[Chris Bryant]] to replace [[John Bercow]].{{Sfn|Hope|2019b}} Gove helped to prepare Johnson for the [[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019 general election]] debates by playing the role of the Labour leader [[Jeremy Corbyn]].{{Sfn|Walker|Waterson|2019}} He offered to stand in for Johnson during a Channel 4 debate on environmental issues but the editor of ''[[Channel 4 News]]'' said the debate was only open to party leaders.{{Sfn|"Conservatives and Channel 4 clash after Michael Gove turned away from climate debate". ITV News}} At the 2019 general election, Gove was again re-elected, seeing his majority cut to 18,349, and with a decreased vote share of 58.6%.{{sfn|"Statement of Persons Nominated, Notice of Poll and Situation of Polling Stations". Surrey Heath Borough Council}}

Gove won the "Minister to watch" award at the January 2020 ''Spectator'' Parliamentarian of the Year awards.{{Sfn|"The Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year Awards: The Winners". The Spectator}} On 13 February 2020, he took on additional responsibilities as [[Minister for the Cabinet Office]], succeeding [[Oliver Dowden]], who had been appointed [[Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport]], in Johnson's [[2020 British cabinet reshuffle|first large reshuffle of his government]].{{Sfn|Freeguard|2020}}

During the first [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|COVID-19 pandemic]] lockdown, Gove generated confusion after saying on [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]'s ''[[Good Morning Britain (2014 TV programme)|Good Morning Britain]]'' that children with separated parents were not allowed to move between their parents' homes. He later apologised and clarified that what he had said was not the case.{{Sfn|Braddick|2020}} When Johnson was self-isolating after having been tested positive for [[COVID-19]], Gove stood in for Johnson briefly from 27 March 2020 at the daily briefings of the pandemic,{{Sfn|"Coronavirus: Prime Minister Boris Johnson tests positive". BBC News}} until Gove self-isolated himself after a family member developed COVID-19 symptoms.{{Sfn|Jarvis|2020}}

In May 2020, Gove was criticised{{Sfn|Singh|2020}} after his wife Sarah Vine shared a bookcase picture "as a very special treat for my trolls" which featured a book by the [[Holocaust denier]] [[David Irving]], and a copy of ''[[The Bell Curve]]'', which controversially claims that intelligence is highly heritable and that median [[IQ]] varies among races.{{Sfn|Singh|2020}}{{Sfn|Zorzut|2020}} Another book in the photograph was ''[[The Strange Death of Europe]]'' by [[Douglas Murray (author)|Douglas Murray]],{{Sfn|Singh|2020}} which, according to ''The Guardian'', cites [[Enoch Powell]] and argues for protecting white Christian Europe from "outsiders".{{Sfn|Hinsliff|2017}}

After Johnson said that the UK had ended trade talks with the EU in October 2020, Gove said that the door was "still ajar" if the EU made changes over issues including fishing access and that "We hope the EU will change their position and we are certainly not saying if they do change their position we can't talk to them".{{Sfn|"Brexit: Door 'still ajar' for EU trade talks, says Gove". BBC News}}

Gove was part of a committee of Cabinet ministers, comprising Johnson, [[Rishi Sunak]], and [[Matt Hancock]], that made decisions on the COVID-19 pandemic. He was chair of the COVID-19 operations subcommittee.{{Sfn|Tominey|2020a}} In a [[COBR meeting]] he chaired on 24 November 2020, he agreed, with the leaders of the UK's devolved governments, to a set of rules governing social mixing for the whole of the country over the Christmas period. It allowed for up to three households to form a "bubble" from 23 to 27 December,{{Sfn|"UK-wide Christmas arrangements agreed by the UK Government and the Devolved Administrations". gov.uk}} but was cancelled for London and [[South East England]], while being limited to a single day for the rest of England, after the discovery of a [[Variant of Concern 202012/01|mutant COVID-19 strain]].{{Sfn|Heffer|2020a}}

Under the terms of England's [[The Health Protection (Coronavirus, Restrictions) (All Tiers) (England) Regulations 2020|all-tier COVID-19 restrictions]] in December 2020, [[pub]]s were only legally allowed to serve [[alcoholic beverages]] with a [[substantial meal]]. Gove initially said that this did not include [[Scotch eggs]], which he defined as a "starter" on multiple occasions; however, he later backtracked and said: "I do recognise that it is a substantial meal."{{Sfn|Bland|2020}}

Gove was co-chair of the [[EU–UK Partnership Council]] with [[European Commission]] vice-president [[Maroš Šefčovič]].{{Sfn|Elgot|O'Carroll|2021}}{{Sfn|Tominey|2020b}} On 8 December 2020, after 10 months of talks{{Sfn|Gye|2020}} with Šefčovič, he helped reach an agreement that included post-Brexit arrangements for the [[Irish border]]. As a consequence the Government decided to abandon parts of the [[Internal Market Bill]] that could have seen the UK break [[international law]].{{Sfn|Heffer|2020b}} [[David Frost, Baron Frost|David Frost]] succeeded Gove as the UK chair of the Partnership Council on 1 March 2021.{{Sfn|Elgot|O'Carroll|2021}}

In May 2021, Gove attended the [[2021 Champions League Final]] in [[Porto]] with his son, supporting [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]; following his visit he was alerted by the [[NHS Test and Trace]] system of his potential exposure to the disease, and that he would need to self-isolate. Rather than isolating for the normal ten-day period, Gove was able to take part in a pilot scheme designed to investigate the efficacy of testing, which required him to undergo testing every day for a week.{{Sfn|"Covid: Michael Gove alerted by NHS Test and Trace after Champions League trip". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Forrest|2021}}

In a case brought to the [[High Court of Justice]] by the [[Good Law Project]] in June 2021, Gove was found to have acted unlawfully when the Government awarded a COVID-19 contract without a tender to a polling company owned by long-term associates of his and [[Dominic Cummings]], then Johnson's chief adviser.{{Sfn|Conn|2021}}{{Sfn|"Good Law Project v Cabinet Office". High Court of Justice}} On appeal, the [[Court of Appeal (England and Wales)|Court of Appeal]] overturned the High Court's finding of unlawful bias.{{Sfn|Weaver|2022}}

In July 2021, Gove worked part-time in [[Glasgow]] as part of the Government strategy to strengthen the Union.{{Sfn|Wright|Maguire|2021}}{{sfn|Richards|2021}} The next month, he was filmed dancing "merrily" at Bohemia nightclub in Aberdeen. He had allegedly tried to avoid a £5 entrance fee by stating he was the chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Friends of Gove denied he had attempted to avoid paying.{{Sfn|Syal|2021}}

=== Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities: 2021–2022 ===
In a [[2021 British cabinet reshuffle|cabinet reshuffle on 15 September 2021]],{{Sfn|Payne|2021}} Gove was appointed [[Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government]]. He was given cross-government responsibility for [[Levelling up policy of the Boris Johnson government|levelling up]] and retained ministerial responsibility for the Union and elections.{{sfn|"Michael Gove has been appointed housing secretary as part of a cabinet reshuffle". Homes Estate Agents}} Within days his department was renamed the [[Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities]], and his title changed to Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities. He was given the additional title of [[Minister for Intergovernmental Relations]].{{Sfn|Cordon|2021}}

In October 2021, while walking on Horseferry Road in Westminster, Gove was accosted by [[COVID-19 protests in the United Kingdom|COVID-19 anti-lockdown protesters]]. As the protesters attempted to surround him, he was protected by police officers and escorted to a nearby building.{{Sfn|Allegretti|2021a}}{{Sfn|PA Reporter|2021}}

In December 2021, Gove was part of a trio of Cabinet ministers that self-isolated after meeting Australian Deputy Prime Minister [[Barnaby Joyce]], who was later diagnosed with COVID-19.{{Sfn|"Ministers Gove, Shapps and Raab self-isolate after Australian deputy PM meeting". BBC News}}

Gove launched a [[white paper]] on levelling up on 2 February 2022.{{Sfn|Ferguson|2022}} The paper included plans to increase public investment across the UK and expand [[devolution in England]].{{Sfn|"'Levelling up' plan for UK unveiled by Michael Gove". BBC News}} It was reported that parts of it had been copied from [[Wikipedia]].{{Sfn|Stone|2022}}

During the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], Gove announced his intention to draft plans to allow Ukrainian refugees to be housed in [[Russian oligarch]]s' homes in the UK.{{Sfn|Walt|2022}} He later announced the [[Homes for Ukraine]] scheme, which would arrange for British households to take in Ukrainian refugees.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove announces Homes for Ukraine scheme". BBC News}}
	
''The Daily Telegraph'' journalist [[Matthew Lynn]] attacked Gove's record in government, describing him as the "driving force behind a whole series of terrible policy mistakes". In particular, Lynn identified Gove's resistance to new skyscrapers in London, his changes to the rules concerning the rental sector to make it harder for landlords to evict tenants, and his opposition to a fracking trial as damaging the economic growth prospects for the UK.{{Sfn|Lynn|2022}}

On 6 July 2022, Gove was dismissed by Johnson for alleged disloyalty, after visiting [[Downing Street]] to tell him to resign, during the [[July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis|July 2022 Government crisis]].{{Sfn|"Boris Johnson latest: Johnson sacks Gove after cabinet ministers pile pressure on PM". BBC News}}{{Sfn|Payne|2022}} A Downing Street source reportedly described him as a "snake" following the sacking.{{Sfn|Gye|Duffy|2022}}

===Out of office: 2022===
Gove declined to run in the [[July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election]].{{Sfn|Webster|2022}} He endorsed [[Kemi Badenoch]]'s leadership bid and, after her defeat,{{Sfn|Forsyth|2022}} announced his support for Rishi Sunak.{{Sfn|Walker|2022}}

Following the election of [[Liz Truss]], Gove variously backed and criticised the prime minister on Chancellor of the Exchequer [[Kwasi Kwarteng]]'s controversial reforms to taxation.{{Sfn|"Tory conference: Michael Gove hints he will vote against Liz Truss's tax plan". BBC News}} According to the ''The Sun''{{'}}s political editor, Truss floated the possibility of appointing Gove as [[British Ambassador to Israel]] or [[British Ambassador to China|China]] in an attempt to neutralise his influence within the Conservative Party.{{Sfn|Harding|2022}}

Gove declined to run in the [[October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election]].{{Sfn|Sparrow|2022}} He endorsed Sunak's leadership bid.{{Sfn|Forrest|2022}}

===Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities: 2022–2024===
On 25 October 2022, following the accession of Rishi Sunak to the prime ministership, Gove was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations.{{Sfn|Morris|2022}}{{Sfn|Lennox|2022}} Gove had previously said that he did not expect to serve in government again.{{Sfn|Elliards|2022}}

According to ''The Times'', in the [[February 2023 British cabinet reshuffle|February 2023 cabinet reshuffle]], Sunak wanted Gove to become [[Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology]], but Gove asked to stay at the levelling up department.{{Sfn|Holden|2023}}

In February 2023, following the [[death of Awaab Ishak]], a two-year old child living in a mould-hit flat, the Government announced that it would implement "[[Awaab's Law]]",  requiring [[Public housing in the United Kingdom|social housing providers]] to remedy reported damp and mould within certain time limits. Gove made the announcement as he met with Awaab's family in [[Rochdale]].{{Sfn|"Government to deliver Awaab's Law". gov.uk}}

In 2023, the ''[[New Statesman]]'' named Gove as the sixth-most-powerful right-wing figure in the UK, describing him as a "great survivor" and retaining extensive influence over the potential future leaders of the Conservative Party, even as he "hints" at quasi-retirement.{{Sfn|"The New Statesman's right power list". New Statesman}} In March 2024, he chaired the inaugural [[East-West Council]] in London.{{Sfn|"East-West Council set for inaugural meeting". ITV News}}

===Retirement from the Commons and return to journalism===
[[File:Michael Gove (2) (54349877597).jpg|thumb|Gove speaking at the [[Alliance for Responsible Citizenship]], London, 2025]]
Gove did not stand for re-election at the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]],{{Sfn|Kuenssberg|McKiernan|2024}}{{sfn|Walker|2024}} and his seat was won by the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] candidate, [[Al Pinkerton]].{{sfn|Searle|2024}}

In September 2024, Gove was appointed editor of ''[[The Spectator]]'' by the magazine's new proprietor, [[Paul Marshall (investor)|Sir Paul Marshall]]. He took on the role at the start of October.{{Sfn|Nanji|2024}}

In October 2024, Gove presented a five-part series for [[BBC Radio 4]] called ''Surviving Politics with Michael Gove'', in which he spoke with politicians from different parties about how to deal with the job when things get tough.{{Sfn|Rees|2024}} Since September 2025,{{Sfn|"Quite right! {{!}} Michael Gove and Madeline Grant". The Spectator}} he has presented ''The Spectator'' podcast ''Quite Right!'', with journalist Madeline Grant.{{Sfn|Tominey|2025}}

===House of Lords===
In April 2025, it was announced that Gove would be created a [[life peer]] as part of [[2024 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours|Sunak's resignation honours list]].{{Sfn|Mason|2025}} On 13 May 2025 he was created '''Baron Gove''', ''of [[Torry]] in the City of Aberdeen''.{{Sfn|"Issue 64736". London Gazette}} Torry was where Gove's adoptive father, Ernest Gove, was born.{{Sfn|Merson|2025}} He was [[Introduction (House of Lords)|introduced]] to the House of Lords on 22 May 2025.{{sfn|"Introduction: Lord Gove". Hansard - UK Parliament}}

==Political views==
{{main|Political positions of Michael Gove}}
{{Conservatism UK|Politicians}}

===Domestic issues===
Gove is considered socially liberal in some areas, such as his support for [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|same-sex marriage]].{{Sfn|Duffy|2016}} He has expressed his view that the state should generally not interfere in domestic affairs and has campaigned for economic freedom in certain matters. Gove has argued that "the only sustainable ethical foundation for society is a belief in the innate worth and dignity of every individual".{{Sfn|McSmith|2008}}

In remarks prepared for the 2020 [[Ditchley Foundation|Ditchley Lecture]], Gove portrayed what he saw as the malaise of modern society as leading to populism, because the non-intellectual classes "chose to opt for polarised identity politics rather than stay with broad-based national political movements" instead of choosing to follow the politics of diversity, inclusion, and identity politics they were force-fed by the elites. He praised [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] as a model for his renewal of [[capitalism]] and he imagined the construction of inclusive societies with the deconstruction of [[Whitehall]]. Gove stressed "basic writing, meeting chairing and time management skills" for all policy civil servants. He ended with a paean to his purpose in public service: "to tackle inequality".{{Sfn|Gove|2020}}{{Sfn|Speer|2020}}

===Foreign policy===
Gove is generally considered to have [[Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom|Eurosceptic]] and [[neoconservative]] positions on foreign affairs.{{Sfn|Parker|Warrell|2014}} He was a prominent supporter of the United Kingdom leaving the [[European Union]] during the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|2016 referendum]].{{Sfn|"'Brexit' Campaign Leaders". The Wall Street Journal}}

Gove has described himself as "a proud [[Zionist]]",{{Sfn|Elgot|2011}} and supports the [[United Jewish Israel Appeal]]'s fundraising activities.{{Sfn|"Michael Gove helps to raise £2.8m for UJIA projects". The Jewish Chronicle}} In 2019, he spoke of his desire to "celebrate everything that Israel and the Jewish people have brought to the life of this world and hold it dear to our hearts".{{Sfn|Harpin|2019}}

==In popular culture==
* Gove was a member of the winning team in Grampian Television's quiz show ''[[Top Club]]'',{{Sfn|"NEWSNIGHT: Michael Gove in 90's TV game show". YouTube}} and played the school chaplain in the 1994 family comedy ''[[A Feast at Midnight]]''.{{Sfn|"A Feast at Midnight (1994) - Full cast and crew". IMDb}}{{sfn|"Gove at Midnight". YouTube}}

* Gove was portrayed by actor [[Oliver Maltman]] in the 2019 [[HBO]] and Channel 4 drama ''[[Brexit: The Uncivil War]]''.{{Sfn|Bennett|2018}}{{Sfn|Elliott|2019}} 

* In the [[Spitting Image (2020 TV series)|2020 revival of ''Spitting Image'']], Gove's puppet was given "beady eyes, large ears and bulging cheeks"{{Sfn|Lewis|2020}} and was voiced by [[Lewis MacLeod (actor)|Lewis MacLeod]].{{sfn|Hilton|2021}}

==Personal life==
Gove was previously in relationships with political adviser [[Simone Finn, Baroness Finn|Simone Finn]]{{Sfn|Shipman|2021}} and historian [[Amanda Foreman (historian)|Amanda Foreman]].{{Sfn|Ward|1995}} He met [[Sarah Vine]] in 1998, when he was comment editor and she was arts editor at ''The Times''.{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=123}} They married in October 2001{{Sfn|"Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine 'finalising their divorce'". STV News}} and have two children.{{sfn|Dixon|2013}} In July 2021, a joint statement on behalf of Gove and Vine said that they had agreed to separate and were in the process of finalising their divorce.{{Sfn|Allegretti|2021b}} In January 2022, they were granted a [[decree nisi]] on the grounds of Gove's unreasonable behaviour.{{Sfn|Farmer|2022}} As of 2025, the divorce had not been finalised, with the delay attributed to bureaucratic reasons.{{Sfn|Blackburn|2025}}

Gove has lived in [[West Kensington]],{{Sfn|Mendick|Sawer|2021}} [[Notting Hill]],{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=92}} [[North Kensington]],{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=103}} and [[Mayfair]].{{sfn|Bennett|2019a|p=141}}{{Sfn|Tominey|2022}} Following his appointment as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities in 2021,{{Sfn|Tominey|2022}} [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] Liz Truss let Gove move in to her [[grace and favour]] flat at [[1, Carlton Gardens]] while she lived elsewhere, despite his being a lower ranked minister.{{Sfn|Jessel|2022}} Following his appointment as Foreign Secretary, David Cameron allowed Gove to remain at the property.{{sfn|Gibbons|2024}}

Gove was baptised in the [[Church of Scotland]].{{sfn|Merson|2025}} His adoptive father, Ernest Gove, died in 2023.{{sfn|Bruce|2023}}

==Honours==
* [[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|45px]] [[Life peer|Life Peerage]], '''Baron Gove''', ''of [[Torry]] in the City of Aberdeen'' (2025){{sfn|Merson|2025}}

==Notes and references==
'''Notes'''
{{notelist|colwidth=40em}}
'''References'''
{{reflist|colwidth=20em}}

==Sources==
===Books and journals===
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite book|author-link=Owen Bennett|title=Michael Gove: A Man In A Hurry|year=2019a|publisher=[[Biteback Publishing]]|isbn=978-1785904400|last=Bennett|first=Owen}}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Blunkett |first1=David |author-link1=David Blunkett |last2=Flinders |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matthew Flinders (academic) |year= 2020 |journal = [[British Politics (journal)|British Politics]] |title= The privilege of public service and the dangers of populist technocracy: a response to Michael Gove and Dominic Cumming's 2020 Ditchley annual lecture |volume= 16 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–15 |doi= 10.1057/s41293-020-00148-2 |pmid=38624669 |pmc= 7568759 }}
* {{Cite book|title=Dods Parliamentary Companion 2013|date=2013|location=[[London]]|publisher=[[Dods Group]]|page=183|isbn=9781908232106|ref={{sfnRef|"Dods Parliamentary Companion 2013". Dods Group}}}}
* {{Cite book |last=Gimson |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Gimson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xyi6m7wQbBoC&q=brilliant |title=Boris: The Adventures of Boris Johnson |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2012 |isbn=9780857207395}}
* {{Cite book |title=Michael Portillo: The Future of the Right |last=Gove |first=Michael |publisher=Fourth Estate |year=1995 |isbn=978-1-85-702335-0 |location=[[London]]}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Price of Peace|last=Gove|first=Michael|publisher=[[Centre for Policy Studies]]|year=2000|isbn=978-1-90-321915-7|location=[[London]]|pages=ii}}
* {{Cite book |title=The Encyclopaedia of Oxford | publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] |chapter=Presidents of the Union since 1900 | year=1988 | pages=527–532 | isbn=0-333-39917-X |editor-last=Hibbert |editor-first=Christopher |editor-link=Christopher Hibbert | title-link=The Encyclopaedia of Oxford}}
* {{cite book|author-link=Craig Oliver (British journalist)|title=Unleashing Demons: The Inside Story of Brexit|year=2016|publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]]|isbn=978-1-473-65247-7|last=Oliver|first=Craig}}
* {{Cite book|author-link=Sarah Vine|title=How Not to Be a Political Wife|year=2025|publisher=HarperElement|isbn=978-0008746582|last=Vine|first=Sarah}}
{{refend}}

===News===
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite news |last=Aitkenhead |first=Decca |author-link=Decca Aitkenhead |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/oct/05/michael-gove-next-tory-leader |title=Michael Gove: the next Tory leader? |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=5 October 2012 |access-date=27 September 2025}}
* {{cite news |last=Allegretti |first=Aubrey |date=2 July 2021b |title=Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine to divorce after 'drifting apart' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/jul/02/michael-gove-and-wife-sarah-vine-to-divorce |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2 July 2021 |archive-date=2 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702160713/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/jul/02/michael-gove-and-wife-sarah-vine-to-divorce |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news |last1=Allegretti |first1=Aubrey |title=Michael Gove targeted by anti-lockdown protesters in Westminster |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/oct/19/michael-gove-targeted-by-anti-lockdown-protesters-in-westminster |access-date=3 December 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 October 2021a |archive-date=3 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203101643/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/oct/19/michael-gove-targeted-by-anti-lockdown-protesters-in-westminster |url-status=live }}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/animal-cruelty-maximum-sentences-will-be-increased-government-confirms |title=Animal cruelty maximum sentences will be increased government confirms |date=7 August 2018 |website=[[gov.uk]] |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120093701/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/animal-cruelty-maximum-sentences-will-be-increased-government-confirms |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Animal cruelty maximum sentences will be increased government confirms". gov.uk}}}}
* {{cite news |date=20 February 2016 |title=EU Referendum: Michael Gove's full statement on why he is backing Brexit |work=[[The Independent]] |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-michael-goves-full-statement-on-why-he-is-backing-brexit-a6886221.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-michael-goves-full-statement-on-why-he-is-backing-brexit-a6886221.html |archive-date=12 May 2022 |url-status=live |last=Apps |first=Peter}}
* {{cite news|author-link=Anushka Asthana|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/nov/12/michael-gove-from-shy-green-to-full-throated-environmentalist|title=Michael Gove: from 'shy green' to 'full-throated environmentalist'?|last=Asthana|first=Anushka|date=12 November 2017|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=27 July 2019|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=27 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727161621/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/nov/12/michael-gove-from-shy-green-to-full-throated-environmentalist|url-status=live}}
* {{cite news |last=Bancroft |first=Holly |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/michael-gove-sexist-racist-speech-b1918058.html |title=Revealed: Michael Gove's sexist jibes, racist jokes and homophobic slurs |date=13 September 2021 |work=[[The Independent]] |access-date=29 September 2025}}
* {{cite news |last=Barker |first=Alex |url=https://www.ft.com/content/f53aca98-7b1f-11df-8935-00144feabdc0 |title=Gove eases red tape for 'free schools' |work=[[Financial Times]] |date=18 June 2010 |access-date=3 November 2025 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=David |title=Legal aid cuts reversed by Justice Secretary Michael Gove |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/12128011/Legal-aid-cuts-reversed-by-Justice-Secretary-Michael-Gove.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/12128011/Legal-aid-cuts-reversed-by-Justice-Secretary-Michael-Gove.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=28 January 2016 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=28 January 2016}}{{cbignore}}
* {{Cite news |last=Beckett |first=Andy |author-link=Andy Beckett |date=26 September 2008 |title=What can they be thinking? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/sep/26/thinktanks.conservatives |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[The Guardian]] |archive-date=15 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515084850/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/sep/26/thinktanks.conservatives |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Owen |author-link=Owen Bennett |url=https://www.cityam.com/friends-then-rivals-boris-johnson-has-the-last-laugh-over-michael-gove/ |title=Friends, then rivals: Boris Johnson has the last laugh over Michael Gove |date=20 June 2019b |work=[[City A.M.]] |access-date=7 August 2019 |archive-date=7 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807205650/https://www.cityam.com/friends-then-rivals-boris-johnson-has-the-last-laugh-over-michael-gove/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite news|last=Bennett|first=Owen|author-link=Owen Bennett|url=https://www.cityam.com/michael-gove-tears-into-jeremy-corbyn-government-defeats-no/|title=Michael Gove tears into Jeremy Corbyn as government defeats no confidence vote|date=16 January 2019c|work=[[City A.M.]]|access-date=5 September 2019|archive-date=5 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905153348/https://www.cityam.com/michael-gove-tears-into-jeremy-corbyn-government-defeats-no/|url-status=live}}
* {{cite news |last=Blackburn |first=Jack |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/michael-gove-brexit-style-divorce-p20jbjchx |title=Michael Gove's Brexit-style divorce: joined together by bureaucracy |work=[[The Times]] |date=14 October 2025 |access-date=14 October 2025 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite news |title=POLITICO London Playbook, presented by BP: We have lift off — Gove is the drug I'm thinking of — How to spend £10 billion |url=https://www.politico.eu/newsletter/london-playbook/politico-london-playbook-presented-by-bp-we-have-lift-off-gove-is-the-drug-im-thinking-of-how-to-spend-10-billion/ |access-date=10 June 2019 |work=[[Politico]] |last=Blanchard |first=Jack |date=10 June 2019 |archive-date=10 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610070411/https://www.politico.eu/newsletter/london-playbook/politico-london-playbook-presented-by-bp-we-have-lift-off-gove-is-the-drug-im-thinking-of-how-to-spend-10-billion/ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news |last1=Bland |first1=Archie |author-link=Archie Bland |title=Scotch egg is definitely a substantial meal, says Michael Gove |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/01/scotch-egg-is-definitely-a-substantial-meal-says-michael-gove |access-date=6 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206064008/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/01/scotch-egg-is-definitely-a-substantial-meal-says-michael-gove |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news |title=Boris Johnson latest: Johnson sacks Gove after cabinet ministers pile pressure on PM |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-62048657 |date=6 July 2022 |access-date=6 July 2022 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-date=5 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705170956/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-62048657 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Boris Johnson latest: Johnson sacks Gove after cabinet ministers pile pressure on PM". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-36672591|title=Boris Johnson rules himself out of Conservative leader race|access-date=30 June 2016|work=[[BBC News]]|date=30 June 2016|archive-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701043501/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-36672591|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Boris Johnson rules himself out of Conservative leader race". BBC News}}}}
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* {{cite news |date=15 July 2014 |title=British PM Cameron sacks ally Gove, promotes women to cabinet |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-politics-gove-idUSKBN0FK0RC20140715 |access-date=6 July 2022 |archive-date=6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706220851/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-politics-gove-idUSKBN0FK0RC20140715 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"British PM Cameron sacks ally Gove, promotes women to cabinet". Reuters}}}}
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* {{cite news |title=Gove apologises to his former French teacher |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-20034101 |access-date=30 August 2013 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=23 October 2012 |archive-date=10 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510175747/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-20034101 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Gove apologises to his former French teacher". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2019-06-09/gove-criticised-cocaine-users-pushing-for-legalisation-in-1999-column/|title=Gove criticised cocaine users pushing for legalisation in 1999 column|work=[[ITV News]]|date=9 June 2019|access-date=9 June 2019|archive-date=9 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609085455/https://www.itv.com/news/2019-06-09/gove-criticised-cocaine-users-pushing-for-legalisation-in-1999-column/|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Gove criticised cocaine users pushing for legalisation in 1999 column". ITV News}}}}
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* {{cite news |last=McSmith |first=Andy |author-link=Andy McSmith |date=27 September 2008 |title=Michael Gove: The modest moderniser |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/michael-gove-the-modest-moderniser-944074.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/michael-gove-the-modest-moderniser-944074.html |archive-date=12 May 2022 |url-status=live |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[The Independent]]}}
* {{cite news |last=Mendick |first=Robert |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/06/09/michael-goves-ex-flatmate-says-never-saw-take-cocaine-amid-claims/ |title=Michael Gove led 'double life', but former flatmate says he never saw him take cocaine |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=9 June 2019 |access-date=27 September 2025 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite news |last1=Mendick |first1=Robert |last2=Sawer |first2=Patrick |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2021/07/02/michael-gove-wife-sarah-vine-have-agreed-separate/ |title=Michael Gove and Sarah Vine split raises Covid distancing questions |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=2 July 2021 |access-date=11 October 2025 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{Cite news|url=https://news.stv.tv/politics/michael-gove-and-wife-sarah-vine-finalising-their-divorce|title=Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine 'finalising their divorce'|work=[[STV News]]|date=2 July 2021|access-date=7 July 2021|archive-date=11 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711022831/https://news.stv.tv/politics/michael-gove-and-wife-sarah-vine-finalising-their-divorce|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine 'finalising their divorce'". STV News}}}}
* {{Cite AV media |title=Michael Gove announces Homes for Ukraine scheme |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-60740018 |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=16 March 2022 |archive-date=16 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316222626/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-60740018 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove announces Homes for Ukraine scheme". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-41787710|title=Michael Gove apologises for 'clumsy' Weinstein joke on Today|work=[[BBC News]]|date=28 October 2017|access-date=1 January 2018|archive-date=8 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108005431/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-41787710|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove apologises for 'clumsy' Weinstein joke on Today". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48564722 |title=Michael Gove: Cocaine 'mistake' a 'deep regret' |date=8 June 2019 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=8 June 2019 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608054325/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48564722 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove: Cocaine 'mistake' a 'deep regret'". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58562820|title=Michael Gove criticised over racist and homophobic language in student speeches|work=[[BBC News]]|date=14 September 2021|access-date=15 October 2024|quote="We are at last experiencing a new empire, an empire where the happy south stamps over the cruel, dirty, toothless face of the northerner. At last Mrs Thatcher is saying I don't give a fig for what half the population is saying, because the richer half will keep me in power. This may be amoral. This may be immoral. But it's politics and it's pragmatism."|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove criticised over racist and homophobic language in student speeches". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=https://homesea.co.uk/michael-gove-has-been-appointed-housing-secretary-as-part-of-a-cabinet-reshuffle/ |title=Michael Gove has been appointed housing secretary as part of a cabinet reshuffle |work=Homes Estate Agents |access-date=31 May 2025 |ref={{SfnRef|"Michael Gove has been appointed housing secretary as part of a cabinet reshuffle". Homes Estate Agents}}}}
* {{cite news|date=18 May 2013|title=Michael Gove heckled at head teachers' conference in Birmingham|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-22558756|access-date=27 October 2013|archive-date=14 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114133503/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-22558756|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove heckled at head teachers' conference in Birmingham". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=http://www.thejc.com/galleries/the-guest-list/michael-gove-helps-raise-£28m-ujia-projects |title=Michael Gove helps to raise £2.8m for UJIA projects |date=10 October 2011 |work=[[The Jewish Chronicle]] |access-date=16 July 2022 |archive-date=8 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808120005/https://www.thejc.com/galleries/the-guest-list/michael-gove-helps-raise-%C2%A328m-ujia-projects |url-status=dead |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove helps to raise £2.8m for UJIA projects". The Jewish Chronicle}}}}
* {{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-28319641 |title=Michael Gove: 'It's a wrench but a privilege changing job' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921210104/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28319641 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=15 July 2014 |access-date=16 July 2014 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove: 'It's a wrench but a privilege changing job'". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17235168 |title=Michael Gove loses 'private email' battle |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2 March 2012 |access-date=10 October 2021 |archive-date=14 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114014308/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17235168 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove loses 'private email' battle". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|date=15 July 2014|title=Michael Gove moved to chief whip in cabinet reshuffle|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-28306405|access-date=16 July 2014|archive-date=20 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720064751/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28306405|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove moved to chief whip in cabinet reshuffle". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|date=15 July 2014|title=Michael Gove move not a demotion, says David Cameron|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28302487|access-date=16 July 2014|archive-date=24 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624023024/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28302487|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove move not a demotion, says David Cameron". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|title=Michael Gove moves to justice in post-election reshuffle|date=10 May 2015|access-date=5 January 2022|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32679004|work=[[BBC News]]|archive-date=23 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023204320/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32679004|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove moves to justice in post-election reshuffle". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/michael-gove-signals-end-for-specialist-schools-6527122.html |work=[[Evening Standard]] |title=Michael Gove signals end for specialist schools |date=12 April 2012 |quote=The schools, which Tony Blair created to end the era of "Bog standard comprehensives", each receive about £130,000 a year on top of their normal budgets. |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182523/https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/michael-gove-signals-end-for-specialist-schools-6527122.html |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove signals end for specialist schools". Evening Standard}}}}
* {{cite news |last=Meikle |first=James |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2012/sep/17/gcse-ebacc-michael-gove |title=GCSEs are dead: the EBacc is the future, says Michael Gove |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=17 September 2012 |access-date=3 November 2025}}
* {{cite news |title=Ministers Gove, Shapps and Raab self-isolate after Australian deputy PM meeting |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59601275 |access-date=5 January 2022 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 December 2021 |archive-date=5 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105235204/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59601275 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Ministers Gove, Shapps and Raab self-isolate after Australian deputy PM meeting". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-29991402?page=6 |title=Monday in Westminster |work=[[BBC News]] |date=10 November 2014 |access-date=14 November 2025 |ref={{SfnRef|"Monday in Westminster". BBC News}}}}
* {{Cite news |last=Moore |first=Rowan |author-link=Rowan Moore |date=6 March 2011 |title=Architects do matter, Mr Gove |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/mar/06/michael-gove-architecture-in-schools |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[The Observer]] |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125024819/http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/mar/06/michael-gove-architecture-in-schools |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news |last1=Morris |first1=Sophie |title=Rishi Sunak claims new cabinet 'reflects a unified party' as Suella Braverman and Michael Gove make shock comebacks |url=https://news.sky.com/story/suella-braverman-and-michael-gove-make-surprise-comebacks-in-pms-cabinet-12730142 |access-date=25 October 2022 |work=[[Sky News]] |date=25 October 2022}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/michael-gove-gets-boost-as-two-top-tory-women-back-him-but-odds-are-slashed-on-boris-a4159986.html |title=Michael Gove gets boost as two top Tory women back him but odds are slashed on Boris |last1=Murphy |first1=Joe |last2=Cecil |first2=Nicholas |author-link1=Joe Murphy (journalist) |date=5 June 2019 |work=[[Evening Standard]] |access-date=7 July 2020 |archive-date=5 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605215943/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/michael-gove-gets-boost-as-two-top-tory-women-back-him-but-odds-are-slashed-on-boris-a4159986.html |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news|last=Nanji|first=Noor|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c1wndvxznzro|title=Michael Gove appointed new editor of The Spectator|date=25 September 2024|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=27 October 2024}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36986977|title=Nick Clegg: Michael Gove behind Queen backs Brexit story|date=7 August 2016|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=11 October 2019|archive-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203225927/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36986977|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Nick Clegg: Michael Gove behind Queen backs Brexit story". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |title=No base in the borough for Surrey Heath MP |url=http://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/s/2084429_no_base_in_the_borough_for_surrey_heath_mp |work=[[Surrey Live]] |date=21 December 2010 |access-date=26 August 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226131548/http://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/s/2084429_no_base_in_the_borough_for_surrey_heath_mp |url-status=live |ref={{SfnRef|"No base in the borough for Surrey Heath MP". Surrey Live}}}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-49141375|title=No-deal Brexit now 'assumed' by government, says Gove|date=28 July 2019|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=28 July 2019|archive-date=28 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728012219/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-49141375|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"No-deal Brexit now 'assumed' by government, says Gove". BBC News}}}}
* {{Cite news|last=Norman|first=Matthew|date=29 February 2012|title=Let us never forget the stench of this rank corruption|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/matthew-norman/matthew-norman-let-us-never-forget-the-stench-of-this-rank-corruption-7462447.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/matthew-norman/matthew-norman-let-us-never-forget-the-stench-of-this-rank-corruption-7462447.html |archive-date=12 May 2022 |url-status=live|access-date=27 October 2013|work=[[The Independent]]}}
* {{cite news |title=Michael Gove: Anti-lockdown protesters attempt to surround MP in London as police escort them to safety |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/michael-gove-anti-lockdown-protesters-attempt-to-surround-mp-in-london-as-police-escort-them-to-safety-3425203 |access-date=3 December 2021 |work=[[The Scotsman]] |author=PA Reporter |date=19 October 2021 |archive-date=3 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203101643/https://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/michael-gove-anti-lockdown-protesters-attempt-to-surround-mp-in-london-as-police-escort-them-to-safety-3425203 |url-status=live }}
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* {{cite news |title=Planned switch from GCSEs to Baccalaureate in England 'abandoned' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21363396 |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=7 February 2013 |ref={{SfnRef|"Planned switch from GCSEs to Baccalaureate in England 'abandoned'". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news |title=Portillo: Gove 'serious candidate' as Tory leader |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-18549543 |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=22 June 2012 |archive-date=28 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628090106/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-18549543 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Portillo: Gove 'serious candidate' as Tory leader". BBC News}}}}
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* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33497581|title=Prisoner book restrictions scrapped by Michael Gove|work=[[BBC News]]|date=12 July 2015|access-date=12 July 2015|archive-date=14 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714234845/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33497581|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Prisoner book restrictions scrapped by Michael Gove". BBC News}}}}
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* {{cite news|last=Sharman|first=Jon|date=15 January 2017|title=Donald Trump gives first post-election UK interview to Michael Gove|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/donald-trump-first-interview-michael-gove-post-election-theresa-may-meeting-a7528136.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/donald-trump-first-interview-michael-gove-post-election-theresa-may-meeting-a7528136.html |archive-date=12 May 2022 |url-status=live|access-date=16 January 2016|quote=Mr Gove returned to ''The Times'' last year as a columnist, having worked there up until his election in 2005.}}
* {{cite news |first=Jessica |last=Shepherd |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/mar/07/conservatives-lure-private-schools-state |title=Conservatives aim to lure private schools into state system |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=7 March 2010a |access-date=8 May 2010 |archive-date=7 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707002641/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/mar/07/conservatives-lure-private-schools-state |url-status=live }}
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* {{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/boris-johnson-s-cabinet-feud-ends-as-gove-is-given-key-role-in-brexit-plans-pzzkcdr36|title=Boris Johnson's cabinet: Feud ends as Gove is given key role in Brexit plans|last=Wright|first=Oliver|date=25 July 2019|work=[[The Times]]|access-date=25 July 2019|issn=0140-0460|url-access=subscription|archive-date=25 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725082159/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/boris-johnson-s-cabinet-feud-ends-as-gove-is-given-key-role-in-brexit-plans-pzzkcdr36|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/michael-gove-to-work-part-time-in-glasgow-as-boris-johnson-seeks-goodwill-in-belfast-skb77jr8d|title=Michael Gove to work part-time in Glasgow ... as Boris Johnson seeks goodwill in Belfast|work=[[The Times]]|last1=Wright|first1=Oliver|last2=Maguire|first2=Patrick|date=13 March 2021|access-date=13 March 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=13 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313054526/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/michael-gove-to-work-part-time-in-glasgow-as-boris-johnson-seeks-goodwill-in-belfast-skb77jr8d|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite news|url=https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/top-stories/michael-gove-and-sarah-vine-criticised-on-twitter-for-having-holocaust-denier-david-irvings-s-book-1-6636307|title=Michael Gove and wife criticised for showcasing bookshelf which includes Holocaust denier's book|work=[[The New European]]|last=Zorzut|first=Adrian|date=4 May 2020|access-date=12 July 2020|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804163228/https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/top-stories/michael-gove-and-sarah-vine-criticised-on-twitter-for-having-holocaust-denier-david-irvings-s-book-1-6636307|url-status=dead}}
{{refend}}

=== Websites and others ===
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
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* {{cite web |title=Loony Party Candidates |url=http://www.loonyparty.com/0807/5939/general-election-candiadtes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118181043/http://www.loonyparty.com/0807/5939/general-election-candiadtes/ |archive-date=18 January 2018 |access-date=7 May 2017 |ref={{sfnRef|"Loony Party Candidates". The Official Monster Raving Loony Party}} }}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/michael-gove-sky-news-brexit-economics-imf-466365 |title=Brexit campaigner Michael Gove says he's 'glad' big economic bodies don't back Brexit |first=Josh |last=Lowe |date=3 June 2016 |work=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=7 April 2020 |archive-date=7 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407151447/https://www.newsweek.com/michael-gove-sky-news-brexit-economics-imf-466365 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite web |last=Lynn |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Lynn |date=27 June 2022 |title=Michael Gove is a one-man economic catastrophe |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/06/27/michael-gove-one-man-economic-catastrophe/ |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=27 June 2022 |archive-date=27 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627144859/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/06/27/michael-gove-one-man-economic-catastrophe/ |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}
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* {{cite web |last=Merson |first=Adele |title=Exclusive: Say hello to the Lord of Torry as Michael Gove takes on new Aberdeen title |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/politics/scottish-politics/6738017/michael-gove-lord-torry/ |work=[[The Press and Journal]] |date=23 April 2025 |access-date=23 April 2025}}
* {{cite web |url=https://conservativehome.com/2019/06/10/michael-gove-answers-conservativehome-readers-questions |title=Michael Gove answers ConservativeHome readers' questions |work=[[ConservativeHome]] |date=10 June 2019 |access-date=5 October 2025 |ref={{SfnRef|"Michael Gove answers ConservativeHome readers' questions". ConservativeHome}}}}
* {{cite news|title=Michael Gove|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/review/panel/2043945.stm|access-date=27 October 2013|work=[[Newsnight Review]]|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=22 April 2009|archive-date=15 July 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040715113614/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/newsnight/review/panel/2043945.stm|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove". Newsnight Review}}}}
* {{cite episode |title=Michael Gove on teaching history |series=Start the Week |series-link=Start the Week |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03mcmwx |access-date=18 January 2014 |station=[[BBC Radio 4]] |date=30 December 2013 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517220929/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03mcmwx |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove on teaching history". BBC Radio 4}} }}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/michael-gove-speaks-about-the-importance-of-teaching |website=[[gov.uk]] |date=13 September 2013 |access-date=13 March 2022 |title=Michael Gove speaks about the importance of teaching |quote=Above my desk at home there's a simple slogan - 'If you can read this, thank a teacher'. |archive-date=6 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506220655/https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/michael-gove-speaks-about-the-importance-of-teaching |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove speaks about the importance of teaching". gov.uk}} }}
* {{cite web |title=Michael Gove |url=http://standpointmag.co.uk/writers/?showid=Michael%20Gove |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=[[Standpoint (magazine)|Standpoint]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227092855/http://standpointmag.co.uk/writers/?showid=Michael%20Gove |archive-date=27 December 2016 |url-status=dead |ref={{Sfnref|"Michael Gove". Standpoint}} }}
* {{cite web |title=Michael Gove |url=http://whoknowswho.channel4.com/people/Michael_Gove |access-date=27 October 2013 |work=Who Knows Who |publisher=[[Channel 4]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119152938/http://whoknowswho.channel4.com/people/Michael_Gove |archive-date=19 January 2013 |ref={{SfnRef|"Michael Gove". Who Knows Who}} }}
* {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vhYIZTtIhU |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/-vhYIZTtIhU |work=[[YouTube]] |archive-date=12 December 2021 |url-status=live |title=NEWSNIGHT: Michael Gove in 90's TV game show, real ale and real women! |author=[[Newsnight]] |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=25 September 2025 |ref={{sfnRef|"NEWSNIGHT: Michael Gove in 90's TV game show". YouTube}}}}{{cbignore}}
* {{London Gazette|issue=64736|page=10278|date=19 May 2025|ref={{sfnRef|"Issue 64736". London Gazette}}}}
* {{cite web |title=Orders for 13 May 2010 |url=http://www.privy-council.org.uk/files/other/13th%20May2010%20List.doc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611044054/http://www.privy-council.org.uk/files/other/13th%20May2010%20List.doc |archive-date=11 June 2011 |publisher=[[Privy Council Office (United Kingdom)|Privy Council Office]] |ref={{sfnRef|"Orders for 13 May 2010". Privy Council Office}} }}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/lifestyle/6673137/michael-gove-aberdeen-best-place-in-world/ |title=My Aberdeen: Michael Gove on beating Rangers, and why the Granite City is 'the best place in the world' |work=[[The Press and Journal]] |last=Petrie |first=Calum |date=31 January 2025 |access-date=6 February 2025}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/alumni/prominent-alumni|title=Prominent alumni|work=[[Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford]]|access-date=26 December 2020|archive-date=13 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113155532/https://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/alumni/prominent-alumni|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"Prominent alumni". Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford}}}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/quite-right-podcast/ |title=Quite right! {{!}} Michael Gove and Madeline Grant |work=[[The Spectator]] |access-date=25 September 2025 |ref={{sfnRef|"Quite right! {{!}} Michael Gove and Madeline Grant". The Spectator}}}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/radio/what-to-listen-to/surviving-politics-with-michael-gove-bbc-radio-4/ |title=Michael Gove drafts in Westminster's biggest names for his new podcast – but where's the edge? |date=23 October 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |last=Rees |first=Jasper |author-link=Jasper Rees |access-date=27 October 2024 |url-access=subscription}}
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* {{cite press release|last=Smith|first=Graham|title=Decision Notice|url=http://www.ico.gov.uk/news/latest_news/2012/~/media/documents/decisionnotices/2012/fs_50422276.ashx|work=[[Information Commissioner's Office]]|date=1 March 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306035417/http://www.ico.gov.uk/news/latest_news/2012/~/media/documents/decisionnotices/2012/fs_50422276.ashx|archive-date=6 March 2012}}
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* {{cite web |last=Spry |first=Matthew |url=https://lichfields.uk/blog/2024/july/05/a-new-dawn-has-broken-has-it-not |title=A new dawn has broken, has it not? |work=Lichfields |date=5 July 2024 |access-date=12 October 2025}}
* {{cite web |last=Stanley |first=Martin |url=https://www.civilservant.org.uk/csr_detail-note15.html |title=Civil Service Reform - Detailed History - Note 15 |work=Understanding the Civil Service |access-date=14 November 2025 |ref={{sfnRef|"Civil Service Reform - Detailed History - Note 15". Understanding the Civil Service}}}}
* {{Cite web |title=Statement of Persons Nominated, Notice of Poll and Situation of Polling Stations |url=https://www.surreyheath.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/council/elections-voting/Statement%20of%20Persons%20Nominated%20141119.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514232304/https://www.surreyheath.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/council/elections-voting/Statement%20of%20Persons%20Nominated%20141119.pdf |work=[[Surrey Heath Borough Council]] |archive-date=14 May 2021 |access-date=14 November 2019 |ref={{sfnRef|"Statement of Persons Nominated, Notice of Poll and Situation of Polling Stations". Surrey Heath Borough Council}} }}
* {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3lKuQs41gU |work=[[YouTube]] |title=Michael Gove 'Respects' Nigel Farage {{!}} Labour's Bridget Phillipson 'Influenced By Unions' |author=[[Talk (streaming service)|Talk]] |date=25 April 2025 |access-date=25 September 2025 |ref={{sfnRef|"Michael Gove 'Respects' Nigel Farage. YouTube}}}}{{cbignore}}
* {{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Jenny |url=https://highprofiles.info/interview/michael-gove/ |title=Michael Gove |work=High Profiles |date=29 March 2010 |access-date=27 September 2025 }}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/people/michael-gove|title=The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP|website=[[gov.uk]]|date=26 July 2019|access-date=7 October 2025|archive-date=26 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726012039/https://www.gov.uk/government/people/michael-gove|url-status=dead|ref={{sfnRef|"The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP". gov.uk}}}}
* {{cite web |title=The Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year Awards: The Winners |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-spectator-parliamentarian-of-the-year-awards-the-winners |work=[[The Spectator]] |date=22 January 2020 |access-date=12 March 2022 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=13 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313215110/https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-spectator-parliamentarian-of-the-year-awards-the-winners |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|"The Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year Awards: The Winners". The Spectator}} }}
* {{cite report |last1=Thimont Jack |first1=Maddy |last2=Etherington |first2=Haydon |last3=Owen |first3=Joe |date=3 May 2020 |title=The civil service after Brexit |url=https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/civil-service-after-brexit-article-50.pdf |work=[[Institute for Government]] |page=21 |access-date=3 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207135612/https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/civil-service-after-brexit-article-50.pdf |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite press release|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-wide-christmas-arrangements-agreed-by-the-uk-government-and-the-devolved-administrations|title=UK-wide Christmas arrangements agreed by the UK Government and the Devolved Administrations|website=[[gov.uk]]|date=24 November 2020|access-date=9 January 2021|archive-date=13 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113122145/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-wide-christmas-arrangements-agreed-by-the-uk-government-and-the-devolved-administrations|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"UK-wide Christmas arrangements agreed by the UK Government and the Devolved Administrations". gov.uk}}}}
* {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_auQPmnh1q8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/_auQPmnh1q8 |archive-date=12 December 2021 |url-status=live |title=Gove at Midnight |date=18 August 2012 |work=[[YouTube]] |access-date=9 August 2014 |first=Ben |last=Woodhams |ref={{sfnRef|"Gove at Midnight". YouTube}}}}{{cbignore}}
* {{Cite press release|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/world-leading-microbeads-ban-comes-into-force|title=World leading microbeads ban comes into force|website=[[gov.uk]]|date=19 June 2018|access-date=3 August 2019|archive-date=3 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803210448/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/world-leading-microbeads-ban-comes-into-force|url-status=live|ref={{sfnRef|"World leading microbeads ban comes into force". gov.uk}}}}
* {{cite report |last1=Young |first1=Ed |last2=D'Ancona |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matthew D'Ancona |last3=Hoskin |first3=Peter |author-link3=Peter Hoskin |last4=Freeman |first4=George |author-link4=George Freeman (politician) |last5=Sandys |first5=Laura |author-link5=Laura Sandys |last6=Bowman |first6=Sam |last7=Franklin |first7=Peter |last8=Bale |first8=Tim |author-link8=Tim Bale |last9=Hardman |first9=Isabel |author-link9=Isabel Hardman |last10=Cleverly |first10=James |author-link10=James Cleverly |last11=Shorthouse |first11=Ryan |author-link11=Ryan Shorthouse |last12=Worth |first12=Sean |author-link12=Sean Worth |last13=Simons |first13=Jonathan |last14=Hillman |first14=Nick |author-link14=Nick Hillman |last15=Hurd |first15=Nick |author-link15=Nick Hurd |last16=Maltby |first16=Kate |last17=Goodman |first17=Paul |author-link17=Paul Goodman, Baron Goodman of Wycombe |last18=Birrell |first18=Ian |author-link18=Ian Birrell |last19=Fletcher |first19=Nigel |last20=Mitchell |first20=Andrew |author-link20=Andrew Mitchell |last21=Fox |first21=Liam |author-link21=Liam Fox |last22=Goldsmith |first22=Zac |author-link22=Zac Goldsmith |last23=Jenkin |first23=Anne |author-link23=Anne Jenkin, Baroness Jenkin of Kennington |last24=Newmark |first24=Brooks |author-link24=Brooks Newmark |last25=Nye |first25=Rick |last26=Brenton |first26=James |url=https://brightblue.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/bbmanifesto.pdf |title=The Modernisers' Manifesto |work=[[Bright Blue (organisation)|Bright Blue]] |date=2014 |access-date=12 October 2025 |ref={{SfnRef|"The Modernisers' Manifesto". Bright Blue}}}}
* {{cite web |title=ZCC Business Breakfast with Michael Gove MP |url=http://www.zcc.org.uk/site/node/52 |access-date=27 October 2013 |publisher=Zionist Central Council of Greater Manchester |year=2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200636/http://www.zcc.org.uk/site/node/52 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |ref={{SfnRef|"ZCC Business Breakfast with Michael Gove MP". Zionist Central Council of Greater Manchester}} }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{sister project links|c=Category:Michael Gove|d=no|q=yes|n=yes|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{UK MP links | parliament = michael-gove/1571  | publicwhip = gove | theywork = michael_gove}}
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