View source for Nemuro, Hokkaido

{{Expand Japanese|topic=geo|date=June 2022}}
{{distinguish|Memuro}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nemuro
| official_name = 
| native_name = {{nobold|{{nobold|{{lang|ja|根室市}}}}}}
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = [[Cities of Japan|City]]
| other_name = 
| image_skyline = 東根室駅から南西方向を望む.jpg
| image_caption = Nemuro City in 2019
| image_flag = Flag of Nemuro, Hokkaido.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Nemuro, Hokkaido.svg
| image_map = Nemuro in Hokkaido Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_caption = Location of Nemuro in [[Hokkaido]] ([[Nemuro Subprefecture]])
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan
| coordinates = {{coord|43|19|48|N|145|34|58|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Japan
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Hokkaido]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hokkaido]] ([[Nemuro Subprefecture]])
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = 
| established_title  = First official recorded 
| established_date   = 1635  
| established_title2 = City settled 
| established_date2  = August 1, 1957
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Masatoshi Ishigaki
| leader_title1 = Vice Mayor
| leader_name1 = 
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 512.63
| population_total = 27,109
| population_as_of = September 30, 2016
| population_density_km2 = 56.74
| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time|JST]]
| utc_offset1 = +09:00
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address
| blank_info_sec1 = 2-27 Tokiwachō, Nemuro-shi, Hokkaido<br />087-8711
| website = {{URL|http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/}}
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
 | tree = Chishimazakura {{small|''([[Prunus nipponica]]'' var. ''kurilensis'')}}
 | flower = Yukiwarikozakura {{small|''([[Primula modesta]]'' var. ''fauriei'')}}
 | bird = [[Swan]]
 | butterfly = 
 | fish = 
}}
}}

{{Nihongo|'''Nemuro'''|根室市|Nemuro-shi|[[Ainu language|Ainu]]: ニ・ム・オロ ''Ni-mu-oro''}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] and [[seaports of Japan|port]] located in [[Nemuro Subprefecture]], [[Hokkaido]], Japan. It is the capital city of Nemuro Subprefecture. Much of the city lies on the [[Nemuro Peninsula]]. As of February 29, 2012, the city has an estimated [[population]] of 29,087, with 12,966 [[household]]s, and a [[population density]] of 56.74 persons per km<sup>2</sup> (147.0 persons per sq. mi.). The total area is {{convert|512.63|km2|abbr=on}}.

==History==
Nemuro was developed by fisheries. In the early [[Meiji period]], it was the largest city in eastern Hokkaido.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/dcitynd.nsf/doc/735086ED1B6A507B492570930028B203?OpenDocument |title=History of Nemuro |access-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908002119/http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/dcitynd.nsf/doc/735086ED1B6A507B492570930028B203?OpenDocument |archive-date=2015-09-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*1900 Nemuro town was founded.
*1906 Wada village was founded.
*1915 [[Habomai, Hokkaido|Habomai village]] was founded.
*1957 Nemuro town and Wada village was merged to form Nemuro city.
*1959 Habomai village was merged into Nemuro city.

==Climate==
Nemuro, like most of Hokkaido, has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfb''), but not far from a [[Oceanic climate|marine climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Cfb'') using the {{convert|−3.0|°C|0}} isotherm due to its low amplitude for a location close to mainland [[Asia]] and average temperatures during the winter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://portais.ufg.br/up/68/o/Classifica____o_Clim__tica_Koppen.pdf|title=Koppen Climate Classification|access-date=2018-10-08|archive-date=2019-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412021303/https://portais.ufg.br/up/68/o/Classifica____o_Clim__tica_Koppen.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has mild to warm summers and cold snowy winters. Like the more northerly [[Kuril Islands]], it has an extremely strong seasonal lag, with the highest temperatures in August and September and lowest in February, though it is not so gloomy as extremely foggy North Pacific islands like [[Simushir]] or the [[Aleutian Islands]] in general. Its peninsular location makes Nemuro very windy, especially during autumn and winter, with mean wind speeds as high as {{convert|22.7|km/h|mph}} in November.
{{Weather box
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|location = Nemuro (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1879–present)
|Jan record high C = 10.3
|Feb record high C = 11.5
|Mar record high C = 14.7
|Apr record high C = 23.3
|May record high C = 34.0
|Jun record high C = 32.1
|Jul record high C = 33.1
|Aug record high C = 33.6
|Sep record high C = 29.5
|Oct record high C = 24.7
|Nov record high C = 19.2
|Dec record high C = 13.6
|Jan record low C = -22.7
|Feb record low C = -22.9
|Mar record low C = -21.1
|Apr record low C = -13.4
|May record low C = -6.7
|Jun record low C = -4.9
|Jul record low C = 0.4
|Aug record low C = 6.3
|Sep record low C = 1.7
|Oct record low C = -3.3
|Nov record low C = -10.6
|Dec record low C = -15.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 30.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 23.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 47.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 64.4
|May precipitation mm = 96.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 103.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 115.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 132.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 160.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 126.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 83.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 59.0
|year precipitation mm = 1040.4
|Jan mean C = -3.4
|Feb mean C = -3.8
|Mar mean C = -0.8
|Apr mean C = 3.5
|May mean C = 7.7
|Jun mean C = 10.9
|Jul mean C = 14.9
|Aug mean C = 17.4
|Sep mean C = 16.2
|Oct mean C = 11.6
|Nov mean C = 5.6
|Dec mean C = -0.5
|year mean C = 6.6
|Jan high C = -0.9
|Feb high C = -1.2
|Mar high C = 2.2
|Apr high C = 7.4
|May high C = 11.9
|Jun high C = 14.9
|Jul high C = 18.7
|Aug high C = 20.9
|Sep high C = 19.4
|Oct high C = 14.7
|Nov high C = 8.6
|Dec high C = 2.1
|year high C = 9.9
|Jan low C = -6.5
|Feb low C = -7.1
|Mar low C = -3.7
|Apr low C = 0.5
|May low C = 4.5
|Jun low C = 8.1
|Jul low C = 12.1
|Aug low C = 14.8
|Sep low C = 13.6
|Oct low C = 8.5
|Nov low C = 2.3
|Dec low C = -3.6
|year low C = 3.6
|Jan humidity = 71
|Feb humidity = 72
|Mar humidity = 75
|Apr humidity = 78
|May humidity = 83
|Jun humidity = 89
|Jul humidity = 91
|Aug humidity = 89
|Sep humidity = 84
|Oct humidity = 76
|Nov humidity = 70
|Dec humidity = 69
|year humidity = 79
|Jan sun = 154.4
|Feb sun = 164.1
|Mar sun = 190.8
|Apr sun = 180.9
|May sun = 171.6
|Jun sun = 135.5
|Jul sun = 117.3
|Aug sun = 124.6
|Sep sun = 144.5
|Oct sun = 162.8
|Nov sun = 148.2
|Dec sun = 151.8
|year sun = 1846.7
|snow colour = 
|Jan snow cm = 43
|Feb snow cm = 39
|Mar snow cm = 36
|Apr snow cm = 12
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm = 2
|Dec snow cm = 28
|year snow cm = 159
|unit precipitation days = 0.5 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 9.7
|Feb precipitation days = 6.3
|Mar precipitation days = 9.4
|Apr precipitation days = 10.6
|May precipitation days = 11.3
|Jun precipitation days = 10.1
|Jul precipitation days = 11.0
|Aug precipitation days = 11.8
|Sep precipitation days = 11.5
|Oct precipitation days = 10.7
|Nov precipitation days = 10.8
|Dec precipitation days = 10.4
|year precipitation days = 123.6
|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=18&block_no=47420&year=&month=&day=&view=
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値） 
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]
| access-date = May 19, 2021}}</ref>
| source = Japan Meteorological Agency<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=18&block_no=47420&year=&month=1&day=&view=h0 | title=気象庁｜過去の気象データ検索 }}</ref>
}}
<div style="width: 80%;"></div>
{{Graph:Weather monthly history
| table=Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Nemuro.tab
| title=Nemuro temperature
}}

==Transportation==
[[File:Hokkaido pref road No35 Nosappu Cape.jpg|thumb|A road to [[Cape Nosappu]]]]

===Air===
Nearby [[Nakashibetsu Airport]] serves Nemuro.

===Rail===
*[[Hokkaido Railway Company]] (JR Hokkaido) – [[Nemuro Main Line]]
**Stations in the city: [[Nemuro Station|Nemuro]] – [[Nishi-Wada Station|Nishi-Wada]] – [[Kombumori Station|Kombumori]] – [[Ochiishi Station|Ochiishi]] – [[Bettoga Station|Bettoga]] – [[Attoko Station|Attoko]]

===Road===
*[[Japan National Route 44|National Route 44]]
*[[Japan National Route 243|National Route 243]]

==Sightseeing==
[[File:Nemurohanto chashiatogun onnemotochashi.jpg|thumb|The ruins of ''[[Chashi]]'' at Onnemoto, Nemuro]]
[[File:Cape Otiisi 2009.jpg|thumb|Cape Ochiishi]]
*[[Cape Nosappu]]
*Cape Hanasaki, including "Kurumaishi", a car wheel-shaped stone natural monument
*Cape Ochiishi, a fishing port
*The Ruins of ''[[Chashi]]'' in the [[Nemuro Peninsula]]
*Habomai Fishing Port
*Kotohira Shrine
*Lake Furen
*[[Lake Onnetō]]
*Meiji Park
*Ohashi Bridge
*[[Roadside station]] Swan 44 Nemuro
*Shunkunitai Wild Bird Sanctuary

==Cuisine==
One local specialty of Nemuro is "[[escalope]]". This consists of ''[[tonkatsu]]'' (breaded deep-fried pork cutlets) over butter fried rice with a special [[Demi-glace|demiglace]] sauce.<ref name="nemuro tourist">{{cite web |url=http://www.nemuro-kankou.com/e-nemuro/food.htm |title= The Food of Nemuro|work= Nemuro Tourist Information|publisher= Nemuro Tourist Association|location= Japan|access-date= 2014-09-03}}</ref>

Nemuro is well known by the people of Hokkaido as one of the best places to eat [[sushi]] because of the seafood caught there.<ref name="nemuro tourist"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.davishunter.com/home/place/Nemuro|title=Nemuro - DavisHunter.com|website=www.davishunter.com|access-date=2017-12-14}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=September 2014}} Nemuro's seafood delicacies include their fresh [[Pacific saury]], salmon, king crab, and shrimp.

Other delicacies in Nemuro include [[yakitori]] [[bento]], Holland sanbei (waffle-like snack), [[soft serve]] ice cream, and [[monjayaki]].{{citation needed|date=September 2014}}

== Economy ==
Nemuro's economy is based on its fishing industry as many types of marine animals are found in the area all year long. Dairy processing is also an important part of the local economy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nemuro|title=Nemuro|website=britannica.com|access-date=14 December 2019}}</ref> Local businesses like restaurants and tourism also plays a significant role in the economy. Nemuro boasts the largest catches of saury in all of Japan, which has led to efforts to export saury to Southeast Asia, especially Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/04/27/business/port-city-nemuro-sets-the-hook-in-promoting-saury-exports-to-vietnam/#.XfRJvuyIa00|title=Port city Nemuro sets the hook in promoting saury exports to Vietnam|date=27 April 2013|website=The Japan Times|access-date=14 December 2019}}</ref>

==Education==

===High schools===
*Hokkaido Nemuro High School

==Mascot==
[[File:Nemuro-kun.png|thumb|left|200px|Nemuro-kun, the town's mascot]]
Nemuro's mascot is {{Nihongo|'''Nemuro-kun'''|ねむろうくん}}. He is a fisherman owl who stores seafood products in his pocket. He is asleep and usually sleep-walks during the day but is active during the night. He was unveiled in April 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nemuro-kankou.com/nemurourooms/|title=眠郎のお部屋|website=Nemuro}}</ref>

==Sister cities==
Nemuro is twinned with the following sister cities:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/dcitynd.nsf/doc/033B3CD57CC08C58492570E60008897B?OpenDocument|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224012820/http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/dcitynd.nsf/doc/033B3CD57CC08C58492570E60008897B?OpenDocument|url-status=dead|title=Sister-City Relationships in Hokkaido|archivedate=February 24, 2015}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Kurobe, Toyama]], Japan
*{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Severo-Kurilsk]], Russia
*{{flagicon|US}} [[Sitka, Alaska]], United States
*{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Tebedu]], [[Sarawak]], [[Malaysia]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Nemuro, Hokkaido}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Nemuro}}
* [http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}}
* [https://nemuro-hokkaido.com// English Website]
{{Hokkaido}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nemuro, Hokkaido}}
[[Category:Nemuro, Hokkaido| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Hokkaido]]
[[Category:Port settlements in Japan]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Japan]]