View source for Southeast Sulawesi

{{Short description|Province in Sulawesi, Indonesia}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Southeast Sulawesi
| official_name           = Province of Southeast Sulawesi<br>{{nobold|{{lang|id|Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara}}}}
| native_name_lang        = id<!-- ISO 639 code e.g. "id" for Indonesian -->
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Southeast Sulawesi.svg
| image_seal              = 
| image_flag              = 
| shield_size             = 
| flag_size               = 
| image_map               = South East Sulawesi in Indonesia.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = {{centre|{{Legend inline|#C41E3A|outline=red}} '''Southeast Sulawesi''' in {{Legend inline|#FFFDD0|outline=silver}} '''[[Indonesia]]'''}}
| coordinates             = {{coord|3|57|00|S|122|30|00|E|region:ID_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| established_title       = Founded
| established_date        = 27 April 1964
| founder                 = 
| named_for               = 
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Indonesia}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions of Indonesia|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Sulawesi]]
| seat_type               = Capital<br />{{nobold|and largest city}}
| seat                    = [[Kendari]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_title            = [[List of current Indonesian governors|Governor]]
| leader_name             = [[Andi Sumangerukka]] ([[Gerindra]])
| governing_body          = Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Government
| leader_title2           = Vice Governor
| leader_name2            = [[:id:Hugua|Hugua]]
| leader_title3           = [[Regional House of Representatives|Legislature]]
| leader_name3            = [[:id:Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara|Southeast Sulawesi Regional House of Representatives]] (DPRD)
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          = 36159.71
| area_rank               = [[Provinces of Indonesia|24th in Indonesia]]
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_max_ft        = 8694
| elevation_max_point     = {{ill|Mount Menkongga|id|Gunung Mekongga}}
| population_total        = 2793070
| population_as_of        = mid 2024 estimate
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.74)</ref>
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| demographics_type1      = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    = [[Ethnic groups]]
| timezone1               = [[Time in Indonesia|Indonesia Central Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +08
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code               = 
| area_code_type          = 
| blank_name              = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal)
| blank_info              = 2022
| blank1_name             = &nbsp;- Total
| blank1_info             = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 158,761&nbsp;billion ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GDP|23rd]])<br>[[USD|US$]] 10.69&nbsp;billion<br>[[USD|US$]] 33.36&nbsp;billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank2_name             = &nbsp;- Per capita
| blank2_info             = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 58.76&nbsp;million ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita|19th]])<br>[[USD|US$]]&nbsp;3,958<br>[[USD|US$]] 12,350&nbsp;([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank3_name             = &nbsp;- Growth
| blank3_info             = {{Increase}} 5.25%
| blank4_name             = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2024)
| blank4_info             = {{increase}} 0.736<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/11/15/2296/indeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html|title=Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2024|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]]|date=2024|language=id|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> ([[List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index|23rd]]) – <span style=color:#090>high</span>
| website                 = {{URL|www.sultraprov.go.id/|sultraprov.go.id}}
| footnotes               = 
| type                    = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Province]]
| demographics1_info1     = 36% [[Tolaki]]<br />26% [[Butonese people|Butonese]]<br />19% [[Muna people|Muna]]<br /> 10% Moronene<br /> 5.2% Wawonii <br /> 3.5% [[Chinese Indonesian|Chinese]] <br /> 0.3% other
| demographics1_title2    = [[Religion]]
| demographics1_info2     = 96% [[Islam]]<br /> 2.3% [[Christianity]]<br /> 1.1% [[Hinduism]]<br /> 0.4% [[Buddhism]]
| demographics1_title3    = [[Languages]]
| demographics1_info3     = [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (official)<br />[[Buginese language|Buginese]] ([[lingua franca]])<br />[[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]], Moronene, [[Muna language|Muna]], [[Tolaki language|Tolaki]], Wakatobi, [[Wolio language|Wolio]] (regional)
| native_name             = {{lang|id|Sulawesi Tenggara}}
| motto = {{force singular}} {{native phrase|lbw|Inae Konasara Iye Pinesara Inae Liasara Iye Pinekasara}} <br>"Whoever respects our traditions, we will respect. but whoever does not respect our traditions we will never respect."
| image_map1              = {{hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe
|frame-width=250
|zoom=8}}{{hidden end}}
}}

'''Southeast Sulawesi''' ({{langx|id|Sulawesi Tenggara}}, {{IPA|id|sulaˌwesi t̪əŋˈɡara}}; often abbreviated to '''Sultra''', {{IPA|id|ˈsʊlt̪ra}}),  is a [[provinces of Indonesia|province]] on the island of [[Sulawesi]], forming the [[South-east Peninsula, Sulawesi|southeastern peninsula of that island]], together with a number of substantial offshore islands such as [[Buton Island|Buton]], [[Muna Island|Muna]], [[Kabaena]] and [[Wawonii Island|Wawonii]] (formerly called Wowoni), together with many smaller islands. It is bordered by [[South Sulawesi]] and [[Central Sulawesi]] to the north, sharing a maritime border with [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]] and [[North Maluku]] to the east and [[East Nusa Tenggara]] to the south, as well a very narrow maritime border with [[East Timor]] to the south. The capital is the city of [[Kendari]], on the east coast of the peninsula.

The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the [[Bone Gulf]] between [[Watampone]] (Bone) in [[South Sulawesi]] and the port of [[Kolaka Regency|Kolaka]] in Southeast Sulawesi.

==History==
From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the {{ill|Buton Sultanate|zh|布顿苏丹国}} (Butung).{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

==Geography==
[[File:Wakatobi beach 2006.jpg|thumb|left|Wakatobi Beach]]
The two major mountain ranges in Southeast Sulawesi are the [[Tanggeasinua Range]] and the [[Mekongga Range]].<ref name="EB-1">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Tanggeasinua Mountains|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582507/Tanggeasinua-Mountains|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160929/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582507/Tanggeasinua-Mountains|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The major rivers are the [[Lalindu River|Lalinda]], the [[Lasolo River|Lasolo]], and the [[Sampara River|Sampara]].<ref name="EB-1" /><ref>{{Cite map|title=TPC M-12 AG, Indonesia|scale=1:500,000|publisher=Director of Military Survey, Ministry of Defence, United Kingdom |edition=first |year=1972 |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/tpc/txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_m-12a.jpg}}</ref>

==Demographics==
The population of the province was 2,232,586 at the 2010 decennial census (1,120,225 males, and 1,110,344 females),<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref> increasing to 2,624,875 at the 2020 Census.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> The official estimate as at mid 2024 was 2,793,070.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.74)</ref> [[South Konawe Regency|Konawe Selatan]], [[Konawe Regency|Konawe]], [[Kolaka Regency|Kolaka]] and [[Muna Regency|Muna]] are the four most populous regencies.

A third of the population is centered on [[Buton]] and [[Muna Island|Muna]] islands off the south coast of Sulawesi, and another 15% live in and around Kendari.
{{Historical populations
|type=
|footnote= Source: [[Badan Pusat Statistik]] 2010 to 2025
|1971 |714120
|1980 |942302
|1990 |1349619
|1995 |1586917
|2000 |1820379
|2010 |2232586
|2015 |2495248
|2020 |2624875
|2024 |2793070}}

===Religion===

{{Pie chart|thumb=Right
|label5=[[Buddhism]]
|label4=[[Roman Catholic]]
|label3=[[Protestantism]]
|label2=[[Hinduism]]
|label1=[[Islam]]
|color1=Green
|color2=DarkOrange
|color3=Dodgerblue
|color4=DarkOrchid
|color5=Yellow
|value5=0.05|value4=0.60|value3=1.66|value2=1.89|value1=95.79

|caption=Religion in Southeast Sulawesi (2022) <ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Religious Affairs]]|date=31 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2023|language=id|quote=Muslim 241 Million (87), Christianity 29.1 Million (10.5), Hindu 4.69 million (1.7), Buddhist 2.02 million (0.7), Folk, Confucianism, and others 192.311 (0.1), Total 277.749.673 Million}}</ref>}}

Islam is the predominant religion (96.2%). According to the 2021 estimates, 2,560,000 people were [[Muslims]], 50,780 were Hindus, 44,870 were Protestants, 16,180 were Roman Catholics, 1,610 were Buddhists, 113 were [[Confusianism|Confusians]] and 63 adhered to [[Folk religion]]s.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2022">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022.</ref>

===Ethnic groups===
The ethnic groups in Southeast Sulawesi are [[Buton people|Buton]] (Wolio, Lasalimu, Kumbewaha, Cia-cia), [[Muna people|Muna]] (Busoa, Kaimbulawa, Liabuku, Pancana, Kioko), Wakatobi (Tukangbesi, [[bonerate people|Bonerate]]), [[Tolaki people|Tolaki]], Culambacu, Kalisusu (Taloki, Koroni), [[Moronene people|Moronene]], [[Wawonii people|Wawonii]], and others.

==Government and administrative divisions==
Southeast Sulawesi Province is divided into fifteen [[Regencies of Indonesia|regencies]] (including the five new regencies established in 2013 and 2014) and two autonomous [[Cities of Indonesia|cities]].

As at 1995, there were just four regencies within the province - [[Buton Regency|Buton]], [[Kolaka Regency|Kolaka]], [[Konawe Regency|Konawe]] and [[Muna Regency|Muna]]. On 3 August, the city of [[Kendari]] was created from part of Konawe Regency, and on 21 June 2001 the city of [[Bau-Bau]] was created from part of Buton Regency.

On 25 February 2003, [[South Konawe Regency]] was created from part of Konawe Regency. On 18 December 2003, three new regencies were created - [[Bombana Regency]] and [[Wakatobi Regency]] from parts of Buton Regency, and [[North Kolaka Regency]] from part of Kolaka Regency. On 2 January 2007, two new regencies were created - [[North Konawe Regency]] from part of Konawe Regency, and [[North Buton Regency]] from part of Muna Regency.

In 2013 the Indonesian Government enacted the creation of 11 new Regencies and Municipalities, including the following in Southeast Sulawesi:

* [[Konawe Islands Regency]], from part of Konawe Regency (enacted by Act No.8 of 2013, on 11 January 2013).
* [[East Kolaka Regency]], from part of Konawe Regency (enacted by Act No.11 of 2013, on 11 May 2013).

Subsequently, on 24 June 2014, the Indonesian Parliament agreed to create three more new regencies, based on consideration of technical, administrative, area, strategic and geopolitic factors:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antaranews.com/suara-parlemen/berita/440767/dpr-setujui-tiga-kabupaten-baru-di-sultra |title=DPR setujui tiga kabupaten baru di Sultra |author=Riza Harahap |date=June 24, 2014}}</ref>

* [[South Buton Regency]], from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
* [[Central Buton Regency]], from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
* [[West Muna Regency]], from part of Muna Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).

These regencies and cities are tabulated below, with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011"/> and the 2020 Census,<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021"/> together with the official estimates as at mid 2024<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.74)</ref> The table also includes the location of the regency/city headquarters and their Human Development Index.

{| class="sortable wikitable"
! rowspan=2|Kode <br>Wilayah|| rowspan=2|Name of<br>City or<br>Regency || rowspan=2|Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>) ||colspan=3|Population|| rowspan=2|Capital || rowspan=2|[[Human Development Index|HDI]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=BPS Prov. Sulawesi Tenggara |url=https://sultra.bps.go.id/indicator/26/271/1/indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=sultra.bps.go.id}}</ref><br />2022
|-
!Census<br />2010 || Census<br />2020 || Estimate<br />mid 2024
|-
| 74.71 || [[Kendari|Kendari City]]||align="right"|265.79||align="right"|289,966||align="right"|345,107||align="right"|370,760|| Kendari|| 0.845 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}}) 
|-
| 74.06 || [[Bombana Regency]] <sup>(a)</sup> ||align="right"|3,293.97 ||align="right"|139,235||align="right"|150,706||align="right"|160,650|| [[Rumbia, Bombana|Rumbia]]|| 0.668 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}}) 
|-
| 74.01 || [[Kolaka Regency]] ||align="right"|2,958.92||align="right"|208,817||align="right"|237,587||align="right"|248,760|| [[Kolaka]]|| 0.739 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| 74.02 || [[Konawe Regency]] ||align="right"|5,351.85||align="right"|213,038||align="right"|257,011||align="right"|274,070|| [[Unaaha]]|| 0.720 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| 74.08 || [[North Kolaka Regency]]<br />(Kolaka Utara)||align="right"|2,932.25 ||align="right"|121,340||align="right"|137,659||align="right"|148,500|| [[Lasusua]]|| 0.704 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| 74.11 || [[East Kolaka Regency]]<br />(Kolaka Timur)||align="right"|3,992.53 ||align="right"|106,415||align="right"|120,699||align="right"|127,550|| [[Tirawuta]]||  0.687 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}})
|-
| 74.09 || [[North Konawe Regency]]<br />(Konawe Utara)||align="right"|4,219.81 ||align="right"|51,533||align="right"|67,871||align="right"|73,830|| [[Wanggudu]]|| 0.711 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| 74.05 || [[South Konawe Regency]]<br />(Konawe Selatan)||align="right"|4,237.74 ||align="right"|264,587||align="right"|308,524||align="right"|329,210|| [[Andoolo]]|| 0.694 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}}) 
|-
| || ''Peninsula Regencies'' ||align="right"|''27,252.86''||align="right"|''1,394,931''||align="right"|''1,625,164''||align="right"|''1,733,330''|| 
|-
| 74.10 || [[North Buton Regency]]<br />(Buton Utara)||align="right"|1,755.83 ||align="right"|54,736||align="right"|66,653||align="right"|69,800|| [[Buranga]]|| 0.690 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}}) 
|-
| 74.72 || [[Baubau|Bau-Bau City]]||align="right"|294.14||align="right"|136,991||align="right"|159,248||align="right"|168,540|| Baubau|| 0.766 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| 74.04 || [[Buton Regency]]||align="right"|1,669.33||align="right"|94,388||align="right"|115,207||align="right"|122,030|| Pasarwajo|| 0.672 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}}) 
|-
| 74.15 || [[South Buton Regency]]<br />(Buton Seletan)||align="right"|517.63||align="right"|74,974 ||align="right"|95,261||align="right"|101,190|| [[Batauga]]|| 0.654 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}})
|-
| 74.14 || [[Central Buton Regency]]  <sup>(b)</sup> <br />(Buton Tengah)||align="right"|836.96||align="right"| 86,350||align="right"|114,773||align="right"|121,290|| [[Labungkari]]|| 0.653 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}})
|-
| 74.03 || [[Muna Regency]] <sup>(c)</sup>||align="right"|1,858.10||align="right"|196,645||align="right"|215,527||align="right"|227,980|| [[Raha, Indonesia|Raha]]|| 0.696 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}}) 
|-
| 74.13 || [[West Muna Regency]]<br />(Muna Barat)||align="right"|818.70||align="right"|71,632||align="right"|84,590||align="right"|90,960|| [[Laworo]]||  0.662 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}})
|-
| 74.12 || [[Konawe Islands Regency]] <sup>(d)</sup> <br />(Konawe Kepulauan) ||align="right"| 705.71||align="right"|28,944||align="right"|37,050||align="right"|39,690|| [[Langara, Wawonii|Langara]]||  0.667 ({{fontcolor|#fc0|Medium}})
|-
| 74.07 || [[Wakatobi Regency]]||align="right"|450.46||align="right"|92,995||align="right"|111,402||align="right"|118,260|| Wanci (on <br />[[Wangi-wangi Island|Wangi-wangi<br />Island]]) || 0.708 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}) 
|-
| || ''Island Regencies'' ||align="right"|''8,906.85''||align="right"|''837,655''||align="right"|''999,711''||align="right"|''1,059,740''||
|}

'''Notes'''

(a) Bombana Regency is mainly peninsula (the areas around Poleang and Rumbia on Sulawesi Island) but partly insular (including most of [[Kabaena]] Island). <br />(b) The Central Buton Regency comprises the southern part of [[Muna Island]] and a small southern part of [[Kabaena]] Island, but does '''not include''' any part of [[Buton Island]]. <br />(c) Under discussion by the Indonesian government in 2013 was a proposal to create an additional municipality of [[Raha, Indonesia|Raha]], on Muna Island, but any such proposal is in abeyance and this potential extra municipality is not separated in the table above. <br />(d) The Konawe Islands Regency comprises [[Wawonii Island]] and small offshore islets around it.

The province now forms one of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the [[Indonesian Parliament|People's Representative Council]]. The '''Southeast Sulawesi Electoral District''' consists of all of the 15 regencies in the province, together with the cities of Kendari and Bau-Bau, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council.<ref>Law No. 7/2017 (''UU No. 7 Tahun 2017'') as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023.</ref>

==Transportation==
===Airports===
* [[Betoambari Airport]], Baubau
* [[Haluoleo Airport]], South Konawe
* [[Matahora Airport]], Wakatobi
* [[Sangia Nibandera Airport]], Kolaka
* [[Sugimanuru Airport]], West Muna
* [[Tomia Airport]], Wakatobi

===Ports===
* Antam Pomalaa, Kolaka
* Bungkutoko, Kendari
* Ferry (ASDP), Kolaka
* Ferry Batulo, Baubau
* Ferry Lagasa, Muna
* Ferry Pure, Muna
* Ferry Tampo, Muna
* Ferry Tondasi, West Muna
* Ferry Wamengkoli, Central Buton
* Liana Banggai, Central Buton
* Maligano, Muna
* Murhum, Baubau
* Nusantara, Kendari
* Nusantara Raha, Muna
* Pangulu Belo, Wakatobi
* Samudra, Kolaka
* Simpu, South Buton
* Transito Talaga Raya, Central Buton

== Notable people==
{{main category|People from Southeast Sulawesi}}

==See also==

*[[Wakatobi National Park]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
*[http://www.sultraprov.go.id/ Official website]
*[https://stik-avicenna.ac.id/index.php Best Campus in Southeast Sulawesi]

{{South East Sulawesi|state=uncollapsed}}
{{Provinces of Indonesia}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Southeast Sulawesi| ]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1964]]
[[Category:Provinces of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Sulawesi|Southeast]]