1,000,000,000

Template:RedirectTemplate:See also Template:Infobox number Template:Portal 1,000,000,000 ("one billion" on the short scale; "one milliard" on the long scale; one thousand million) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. With a number, "billion" can be abbreviated as b, bil<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> or bn.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="EUStyleGuide">Template:Cite book</ref>

In standard form, it is written as 1 × 10⁹. The metric prefix giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit. Its symbol is G.

One billion years may be called an eon in astronomy or geology.

Previously in British English (but not in American English), the word "billion" referred exclusively to a million millions (1,000,000,000,000). However, this is not common anymore, and the word has been used to mean one thousand million (1,000,000,000) for several decades.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The term milliard could also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; whereas "milliard" is rarely used in English,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> variations on this name often appear in other languages.

In the Indian numbering system, it is known as 100 crore or 1 [[Indian numbering system|Template:Not a typo]].

1,000,000,000 is also the cube of 1000.

It is a common metric used in macroeconomics when describing national economies.

Sense of scale

File:Visualisation 1 billion.svg

Visualization of powers of ten from one to 1 billion

The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10⁹) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence:

Time

• 10⁹ seconds (1 gigasecond) equal 11,574 days, 1 hour, 46 minutes and 40 seconds (approximately 31.7 years, or 31 years, 8 months, 8 days).
• About 10⁹ minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing and Christianity was emerging. (10⁹ minutes is roughly 1,901 years.)
• About 10⁹ hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the Middle Paleolithic). (10⁹ hours is roughly 114,080 years.)
• About 10⁹ days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (10⁹ days is roughly Template:Nowrap years.)
• About 10⁹ months ago, dinosaurs walked the Earth during the late Cretaceous. (10⁹ months is roughly Template:Nowrap years.)
• About 10⁹ years—a gigaannus—ago, the first multicellular eukaryotes appeared on Earth.
• About 10⁹ decades ago, the thin disk of the Milky Way started to form. (10⁹ decades is exactly Template:Nowrap years.)
• The universe is thought to be about 13.8 × 10⁹ years old.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Distance

• 10⁹ inches is Template:Convert, more than halfway around the world and thus sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
• 10⁹ metres (called a gigametre) is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
• 10⁹ kilometres (called a terametre) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun.

Area

• A billion square inches could make a square about one half mile on a side.
• A bolt of finely woven 1000-TC bed sheet linen with a billion thread crossings would have an area of Template:Convert, comparable to the floor area of a motel unit.

Volume

• There are one billion cubic millimetres in a cubic metre, and a billion cubic metres in a cubic kilometre.
• A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about Template:Convert.
• A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket.

Weight

• Any object that weighs Template:Convert would weigh about as much as 5,525 empty Boeing 747-400s.
• A cube of iron that weighs Template:Convert would be Template:Convert on each side.

Products

• As of July 2016, Apple has sold one billion iPhones.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> This makes the iPhone one of the most successful product lines in history, surpassing the PlayStation and the Rubik's Cube.
• As of January 2025, Facebook has 3.065 billion users.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Nature

• A small mountain, slightly larger than Stone Mountain in Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons.
• There are billions of worker ants in the largest ant colony in the world,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which covers almost Template:Convert of the Mediterranean coast.
• In 1804, the world population was one billion.

Count

A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube A, C consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube B; and D consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube C. Thus there are Template:Nowrap A-sized cubes in C; and 1,000,000,000 A-sized cubes in D.

File:Billion-cubes-new.svg

Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,000–9,999,999,999)

1,000,000,000 to 1,999,999,999

• 1,000,000,007 : smallest prime number with 10 digits.<ref name="A003617">Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,000,006,281 : smallest triangular number with 10 digits and the 44,721st triangular number.<ref name="A068093">Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,000,014,129 = 31623², the smallest ten-digit square.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• 1,003,003,001 = 1001³, palindromic cube
• 1,023,456,789 : smallest pandigital number in decimal.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,026,753,849 = 32043², the smallest pandigital square in base 10.
• 1,069,863,695 = number of square (0,1)-matrices without zero rows and with exactly 9 entries equal to 1<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,073,741,824 = 32768² = 1024³ = 64⁵ = 32⁶ = 8¹⁰ = 4¹⁵ = 2³⁰
• 1,073,742,724 : Leyland number<ref name=A076980>Template:Cite OEIS</ref> using 2 & 30 (2³⁰ + 30²)
• 1,073,792,449 : Leyland number using 4 & 15 (4¹⁵ + 15⁴)
• 1,093,104,961 = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 28 nodes<ref name=A002955>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,096,671,326 = number of uniform rooted trees with 26 nodes<ref name=A317712>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,104,891,746 = number of partially ordered set with 12 unlabeled elements<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,111,111,111 : repunit, also a special number relating to the passing of Unix time.
• 1,129,760,415 = 23rd Motzkin number.<ref name=A001006>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,134,903,170 = 45th Fibonacci number.
• 1,139,733,677 : number k such that the sum of the squares of the first k primes is divisible by k.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,160,290,625 = 65⁵
• 1,162,261,467 = 3¹⁹
• 1,162,268,326 : Leyland number using 3 & 19 (3¹⁹ + 19³)
• 1,163,962,800 : smallest superabundant number that is not highly composite<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,166,732,814 = number of signed trees with 17 nodes<ref name="Number of signed trees">Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,173,741,824 : Leyland number using 8 & 10 (8¹⁰ + 10⁸)
• 1,220,703,125 = 5¹³
• 1,221,074,418 : Leyland number using 5 & 13 (5¹³ + 13⁵)
• 1,232,922,769 : Centered hexagonal number.
• 1,234,567,890 : pandigital number with the digits in order.
• 1,252,332,576 = 66⁵
• 1,280,000,000 = 20⁷
• 1,291,467,969 = 35937² = 1089³ = 33⁶
• 1,311,738,121 : 25th Pell number.<ref name=A000129>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,350,125,107 = 67⁵
• 1,382,958,545 : 15th Bell number.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,392,251,012 : number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 27 nucleotides<ref name=A004148>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,405,695,061 : Markov prime
• 1,406,818,759 : 30th Wedderburn–Etherington number.<ref name=A001190>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• Template:UN Population : Approximate population of India as of the early 2020sTemplate:UN Population
• 1,421,542,641 : logarithmic number.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• Template:UN Population : Approximate population of China as of the early 2020sTemplate:UN Population
• 1,453,933,568 = 68⁵
• 1,464,407,113 : number of series-reduced trees with 39 nodes<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,466,439,680 : number of independent vertex sets and vertex covers in the 21-sunlet graph<ref name=A080040>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,475,789,056 = 38416² = 196⁴ = 14⁸
• 1,528,823,808 = 1152³
• 1,533,776,805 : pentagonal triangular number
• 1,544,804,416 = 39304² = 1156³ = 34⁶
• 1,564,031,349 = 69⁵
• 1,606,879,040 : Dowling number<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,631,432,881 = 40391², square triangular number
• 1,661,392,258 : n such that n divides (3ⁿ + 5)<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,673,196,525 : Least common multiple of the odd integers from 1 to 25
• 1,677,922,740 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 36 nodes<ref name=A001678>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,680,700,000 = 70⁵
• 1,755,206,648 : coefficient of a ménage hit polynomial<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,767,263,190 = <math>C(19) = \frac{\binom{2 \times 19}{19}}{19+1} = \frac{(2 \times 19)!}{19! \times (19+1)!}</math><ref name=A000108>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,787,109,376 : 1-automorphic number<ref name = automorphic>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,801,088,541 = 21⁷
• 1,804,229,351 = 71⁵
• 1,808,141,741 : number of partitions of 280 into divisors of 280<ref name=A018818>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,808,676,326 : number of 38-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent<ref name=A000011>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,836,311,903 : 46th Fibonacci number.
• 1,838,265,625 = 42875² = 1225³ = 35⁶
• 1,848,549,332 : number of partitions of 270 into divisors of 270<ref name=A018818/>
• 1,857,283,156 : number of 37-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name=A000013>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,882,341,361 : The smallest prime whose reversal is a square triangular number (triangular of 57121).
• 1,921,525,212 : number of partitions of 264 into divisors of 264<ref name=A018818/>
• 1,934,502,740 : number of parallelogram polyominoes with 27 cells.<ref name=A006958>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,934,917,632 = 72⁵
• 1,977,326,743 = 7¹¹
• 1,979,339,339 : largest right-truncatable prime in decimal, if 1 is considered to be a prime<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 1,996,813,914 : Leyland number using 7 & 11 (7¹¹ + 11⁷)

2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999

• 2,023,443,032 = number of trees with 28 unlabeled nodes<ref name=A000055>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,038,074,743 = 100,000,000th prime number
• 2,062,142,876 = number of centered hydrocarbons with 30 carbon atoms<ref name=A000022>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,073,071,593 = 73⁵
• 2,082,061,899 = multiplicative inverse of 40,014 modulo 2,147,483,563
• 2,147,483,563 = prime number, used as the modulus for the combined linear congruential generator
• 2,147,483,647 = 8th Mersenne prime, 3rd double Mersenne prime, and the largest signed 32-bit integer.
• 2,147,483,648 = 2³¹
• 2,147,484,609 = Leyland number<ref name=A076980/> using 2 & 31 (2³¹ + 31²)
• 2,176,782,336 = 46656² = 1296³ = 216⁴ = 36⁶ = 6¹²
• 2,179,768,320 = Leyland number using 6 & 12 (6¹² + 12⁶)
• 2,214,502,422 = 6th primary pseudoperfect number.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,219,006,624 = 74⁵
• 2,222,222,222 = repdigit
• 2,276,423,485 = number of ways to partition {1,2,...,12} and then partition each cell (block) into subcells.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,333,606,816 = <math>\sum_{d|34} \binom{34}{d}</math><ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,357,947,691 = 1331³ = 11⁹
• 2,373,046,875 = 75⁵
• 2,493,092,848 = Estimated population of the Earth in 1950 according to the United Nations<ref name="UN-DESA">Template:Cite web</ref>
• 2,494,357,888 = 22⁷
• 2,521,008,887 = 4th Mills' prime
• 2,535,525,376 = 76⁵
• 2,562,890,625 = 50625² = 225⁴ = 15⁸
• 2,565,726,409 = 50653² = 1369³ = 37⁶
• 2,573,571,875 = 5⁵×7⁷<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,695,730,992 = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 29 nodes<ref name=A002955/>
• 2,706,784,157 = 77⁵
• 2,870,671,950 = number of free 20-ominoes
• 2,873,403,980 = number of uniform rooted trees with 27 nodes<ref name=A317712/>
• 2,834,510,744 = number of nonequivalent dissections of an 22-gon into 19 polygons by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 2,887,174,368 = 78⁵
• 2,971,215,073 = 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number) and a Markov prime.

3,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999

• 3,010,936,384 = 54872² = 1444³ = 38⁶
• 3,077,056,399 = 79⁵
• 3,166,815,962 = 26th Pell number.<ref name=A000129/>
• 3,192,727,797 = 24th Motzkin number.<ref name=A001006/>
• 3,276,800,000 = 80⁵
• 3,323,236,238 = 31st Wedderburn–Etherington number.<ref name=A001190/>
• 3,333,333,333 = repdigit
• 3,404,825,447 = 23⁷
• 3,405,691,582 = hexadecimal CAFEBABE; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,405,697,037 = hexadecimal CAFED00D; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,461,824,644 = number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 28 nucleotides<ref name=A004148/>
• 3,486,784,401 = 59049² = 243⁴ = 81⁵ = 9¹⁰ = 3²⁰
• 3,486,792,401 = Leyland number<ref name=A076980/> using 3 & 20 (3²⁰ + 20³)
• 3,492,564,909 = 1²+3⁴+5⁶+7⁸+9¹⁰<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 3,518,743,761 = 59319² = 1521³ = 39⁶
• 3,520,581,954 = number of series-reduced planted trees with 37 nodes<ref name=A001678/>
• 3,524,337,980 = number of 39-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent<ref name=A000011/>
• 3,616,828,364 = number of 38-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name=A000013/>
• 3,663,002,302 = number of prime numbers having eleven digits<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 3,665,821,697 = 437 × 2²³ + 1; smallest Proth prime for k = 437
• 3,697,909,056 = number of primitive polynomials of degree 37 over GF(2)<ref name=A011260>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 3,707,398,432 = 82⁵
• 3,715,891,200 = double factorial of 20
• 3,735,928,559 = hexadecimal DEADBEEF; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,735,929,054 = hexadecimal DEADC0DE; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,816,547,290 = 10 digit polydivisble number
• 3,939,040,643 = 83⁵

4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999

• 4,006,387,712 = number of independent vertex sets and vertex covers in the 22-sunlet graph<ref name=A080040/>
• 4,021,227,877 = least k >= 1 such that the remainder when 6^k is divided by k is 5<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 4,070,735,278 = Estimated population of the Earth in 1975 according to the United Nations.<ref name="UN-DESA" />
• 4,096,000,000 = 64000² = 1600³ = 40⁶
• 4,118,054,813 = number of primes under 10¹¹
• 4,182,119,424 = 84⁵
• 4,294,967,291 = Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer.
• 4,294,967,295 = Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (FFFFFFFF₁₆), perfect totient number, product of all known Fermat primes <math>F_0</math> through <math>F_4</math>.
• 4,294,967,296 = 65536² = 256⁴ = 16⁸ = 4¹⁶ = 2³²
• 4,294,967,297 = <math>F_5</math>, the first composite Fermat number.
• 4,294,968,320 = Leyland number<ref name=A076980/> using 2 & 32 (2³² + 32²)
• 4,295,032,832 = Leyland number using 4 & 16 (4¹⁶ + 16⁴)
• 4,437,053,125 = 85⁵
• 4,444,444,444 = repdigit
• 4,467,033,943 – number of parallelogram polyominoes with 28 cells.<ref name=A006958/>
• 4,486,784,401 = Leyland number using 9 & 10 (9¹⁰ + 10⁹)
• 4,500,000,000 = Approximate age of the Earth in years
• 4,586,471,424 = 24⁷
• 4,700,063,497 = smallest number n > 1 such that 2ⁿ is congruent to 3 (mod n)<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 4,704,270,176 = 86⁵
• 4,750,104,241 = 68921² = 1681³ = 41⁶
• 4,807,526,976 = 48th Fibonacci number.
• 4,822,382,628 = number of primitive polynomials of degree 38 over GF(2)<ref name=A011260/>
• 4,984,209,207 = 87⁵

5,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999

• 5,159,780,352 = 1728³ = 12⁹ = 1,000,000,000₁₂ AKA a great-great-great-gross (1,000,000₁₂ great-grosses or 1000₁₂ great-great-grosses)
• 5,277,319,168 = 88⁵
• 5,345,531,935 = number of centered hydrocarbons with 31 carbon atoms<ref name=A000022/>
• 5,354,228,880 = superior highly composite number, smallest number divisible by the numbers from 1 to 24
• 5,391,411,025 = smallest odd abundant number not divisible by 3<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 5,469,566,585 = number of trees with 29 unlabeled nodes<ref name=A000055/>
• 5,489,031,744 = 74088² = 1764³ = 42⁶
• 5,555,555,555 = repdigit
• 5,584,059,449 = 89⁵
• 5,702,046,382 = number of signed trees with 18 nodes<ref name="Number of signed trees" />
• 5,726,623,061 = 101010101010101010101010101010101 in binary
• 5,784,634,181 = 13th alternating factorial.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 5,904,900,000 = 90⁵

6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999

• 6,103,515,625 = 78125² = 25⁷ = 5¹⁴
• 6,104,053,449 = Leyland number<ref name=A076980/> using 5 & 14 (5¹⁴ + 14⁵)
• 6,171,702,994 = Estimated population of the Earth in 2000 according to the United Nations.<ref name="UN-DESA" />
• 6,210,001,000 = only self-descriptive number in base 10.
• 6,227,020,800 = 13!
• 6,240,321,451 = 91⁵
• 6,321,363,049 = 79507² = 1849³ = 43⁶
• 6,469,693,230 = tenth primorial
• 6,564,120,420 = <math>C(20) = \frac{\binom{2 \times 20}{20}}{20+1} = \frac{(2 \times 20)!}{20! \times (20+1)!}</math>, where <math>C(n)</math> is the <math>n</math>th Catalan number.<ref name=A000108/>
• 6,590,815,232 = 92⁵
• 6,659,914,175 = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 30 nodes<ref name=A002955/>
• 6,666,666,666 = repdigit
• 6,872,485,104 = number of 40-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent<ref name=A000011/>
• 6,956,883,693 = 93⁵
• 6,975,757,441 = 83521² = 289⁴ = 17⁸
• 6,983,776,800 = 15th colossally abundant number,<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref> 15th superior highly composite number,<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref> and the largest number to be both.

7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999

• 7,007,009,909 = smallest number in base 10 to take 100 iterations to form a palindrome<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• 7,048,151,672 = number of 39-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name=A000013/>
• 7,256,313,856 = 85184² = 1936³ = 44⁶
• 7,339,040,224 = 94⁵
• 7,371,308,068 = number of partitions of 252 into divisors of 252<ref name=A018818/>
• 7,391,026,522 = number of planar partitions of 49<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 7,395,528,814 = number of series-reduced planted trees with 38 nodes<ref name=A001678/>
• 7,544,428,973 = number of uniform rooted trees with 28 nodes<ref name=A317712/>
• 7,645,370,045 = 27th Pell number.<ref name=A000129/>
• 7,737,809,375 = 95⁵
• 7,777,777,777 = repdigit
• 7,778,742,049 = 49th Fibonacci number.
• 7,862,958,391 = 32nd Wedderburn–Etherington number.<ref name=A001190/>

8,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999

• 8,031,810,176 = 26⁷
• 8,153,726,976 = 96⁵
• 8,212,890,625 = 1-automorphic number<ref name = automorphic/>
• 8,231,613,070 = Estimated population of the Earth in 2025 according to the United Nations.<ref name="UN-DESA" />
• 8,303,765,625 = 91125² = 2025³ = 45⁶
• 8,549,176,320 = pandigital number with the digits arranged in alphabetical order by English name
• 8,587,340,257 = 97⁵
• 8,589,866,963 = number of subsets of {1,2,...,33} with relatively prime elements<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 8,589,869,056 = 6th perfect number.<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref>
• 8,589,934,592 = 2048³ = 8¹¹ = 2³³
• 8,589,935,681 = Leyland prime<ref>Template:Cite OEIS</ref> using 2 & 33 (2³³ + 33²)
• 8,622,571,758 = number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 29 nucleotides<ref name=A004148/>
• 8,804,293,473 = Leyland number<ref name=A076980/> using 8 & 11 (8¹¹ + 11⁸)
• 8,888,888,888 = repdigit

9,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999

• 9,039,207,968 = 98⁵
• 9,043,402,501 = 25th Motzkin number.<ref name=A001006/>
• 9,393,931,000 = 2110³
• 9,474,296,896 = 97336² = 2116³ = 46⁶
• 9,509,900,499 = 99⁵
• 9,814,072,356 = 99066², the largest pandigital square, largest pandigital pure power.
• 9,876,543,210 = largest number without repeated digits in base 10.
• 9,999,800,001 = 99999², the largest ten-digit square.
• 9,999,999,967 = greatest prime number with 10 digits<ref name="wAlfa">Template:Cite web</ref>
• 9,999,999,999 = largest 10-digit number, repdigit