4015 Wilson–Harrington

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:For {{#invoke:infobox|infoboxTemplate | class = vcard | titleclass = fn org | title = 4015 Wilson–Harrington
107P/Wilson–Harrington | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image=4015 Wilson–Harrington Eso9212b.jpg|upright={{#if:||1.1}}|alt=}} | caption = 4015 Wilson–Harrington at 19 November 1949, from the 48-inch Schmidt telescope at Palomar. The image was enhanced by ESO to show the tail. | headerstyle = {{#if:#FFC2E0|background-color:#FFC2E0|background-color:#E0CCFF}}; color:inherit; | labelstyle = max-width:{{#if:||11em}}; | autoheaders = y

| header1 = Discovery

| label2 = Discovered by | data2 = Albert G. Wilson and
Robert G. Harrington | label3 = Discovery site | data3 = | label4 = Discovery date | data4 = 19 November 1949 | label5 = Template:Longitem | data5 =

| header10 = {{#if:|Designations|Designations}}

| label11 = Template:Longitem | data11 = (4015) Wilson–Harrington | label12 = Pronunciation | data12 = | label13 = Template:Longitem | data13 = | label14 = Template:Longitem | data14 = 107P/1949 W1
107P/1979 VA
1949 IIITemplate:·1949g | label15 = Template:Longitem | data15 = NEOTemplate:·ApolloTemplate:·Comet | label16 = Adjectives | data16 = | label17 = Symbol | data17 =

| header20 = Orbital characteristics{{#ifeq:|yes| (barycentric)}}<ref name="jpldata"/>

| data21 = | data22 = {{#if:2022-Aug-09 (JD 2459800.5) |Epoch 2022-Aug-09 (JD 2459800.5)}} | data23 = {{#if:0 | Uncertainty parameter 0}} | label24 = Observation arc | data24 = 24241 days (66.37 yr) | label25 = Earliest precovery date | data25 = | label26 = {{#switch:{{{apsis}}} |apsis|gee|barion|center|centre|(apsis)=Apo{{{apsis}}} |Ap{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}}} | data26 = Template:Convert | label27 = Peri{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | data27 = Template:Convert | label28 = Peri{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|apsis}} | data28 = | label29 = {{#switch:{{{apsis}}} |helion|astron=Ap{{{apsis}}} |Apo{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|apsis}}}} | data29 = | label30 = Periastron | data30 = | label31 = Apoastron | data31 = | label32 = Template:Longitem | data32 = Template:Convert | label33 = Template:Longitem | data33 = | label34 = Eccentricity | data34 = 0.63175 | label35 = Template:Longitem | data35 = 4.25 yr (1553.4 d) | label36 = Template:Longitem | data36 = | label37 = Template:Longitem | data37 = 16.39 km/s | label38 = Template:Longitem | data38 = 356.37° | label39 = Template:Longitem | data39 = Template:Deg2DMS / day | label40 = Inclination | data40 = 2.7992° | label41 = Template:Longitem | data41 = | label42 = Template:Longitem | data42 = 266.77° | label43 = Template:Longitem | data43 = | label44 = Template:Longitem | data44 = 2026-Nov-25<ref name="Horizons2026">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} (JPL#321/Soln.date: 2023-Apr-19</ref>
2022-Aug-24 (previous) | label45 = Template:Longitem | data45 = 95.441° | label46 = Template:Nowrap | data46 = | label47 = Satellite of | data47 = | label48 = Group | data48 = | label49 = {{#switch: |yes|true=Satellites |Known satellites}} | data49 = | label50 = Star | data50 = | label51 = Earth MOID | data51 = Template:Convert | label52 = Mercury MOID | data52 = | label53 = Venus MOID | data53 = | label54 = Mars MOID | data54 = | label55 = Jupiter MOID | data55 = | label56 = Saturn MOID | data56 = | label57 = Uranus MOID | data57 = | label58 = Neptune MOID | data58 = | label59 = TJupiter | data59 = 3.080

| header60 = Proper orbital elements

| label61 = Template:Longitem | data61 = {{#if: |{{{p_semimajor}}} AU}} | label62 = Template:Longitem | data62 = | label63 = Template:Longitem | data63 = | label64 = Template:Longitem | data64 = {{#if: |{{{p_mean_motion}}} degTemplate:\yr}} | label65 = Template:Longitem | data65 = {{#if:|{{#expr:360/1 round 5}} yr
({{#expr:365.25*360/1 round 3}} d) }} | label66 = Template:Longitem | data66 = {{#if:|{{{perihelion_rate}}} arcsecTemplate:\yr }} | label67 = Template:Longitem | data67 = {{#if:|{{{node_rate}}} arcsecTemplate:\yr}}

| header70 = Template:Anchor{{#if:yes| Physical characteristics|Physical characteristics}}

| label71 = Dimensions | data71 = 4 km | label72 = Template:Longitem | data72 = | label73 = Template:Longitem | data73 = 2 ± 0.25 km | label74 = Template:Longitem | data74 = | label75 = Template:Longitem | data75 = | label76 = Flattening | data76 = | label77 = Circumference | data77 = | label78 = Template:Longitem | data78 = | label79 = Volume | data79 = | label80 = Mass | data80 = | label81 = Template:Longitem | data81 = | label82 = Template:Longitem | data82 = | label83 = Template:Longitem | data83 = | label84 = Template:Longitem | data84 = | label85 = Template:Longitem | data85 = Template:Convert | label86 = Template:Longitem | data86 = | label87 = Template:Longitem | data87 = | label88 = Template:Longitem | data88 = | label89 = Template:Longitem | data89 = | label90 = Template:Longitem | data90 = | label91 = Template:Longitem | data91 = | label92 = Template:Longitem | data92 = | label93 = {{#if:yes |Template:Longitem |Albedo}} | data93 = 0.05 ± 0.01 | label94 = Temperature | data94 =

| data100 = {{#if:|

{{#if:|}}{{#if:|}}{{#if:|}}{{#if:|}}
Surface temp. min mean max
{{{temp_name1}}}
{{{temp_name2}}}
{{{temp_name3}}}
{{{temp_name4}}}

}}

| label101 = Surface absorbed dose rate | data101 = | label102 = Surface equivalent dose rate | data102 = | label103 = Template:Longitem | data103 = (orange)
B−V=0.666
U−B=0.279 | label104 = Template:Longitem | data104 = | label105 = Template:Longitem | data105 = ~11 (1979)
16 (2009)<ref name="Yoshida-107P"/> | label106 = Template:Longitem | data106 = 15.99 | label107 = Template:Longitem | data107 =

| header110 = Atmosphere

| label111 = Template:Longitem | data111 = | label112 = Template:Longitem | data112 = | label113 = Composition by volume | data113 =

| below = {{#if:||Template:Reflist }}

}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox planet with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| abs_magnitude | adjective | adjectives | albedo | allsatellites | alt_names | angular_dist | angular_size | aphelion | apoapsis | apsis | apoastron | arg_peri | asc_node | atmosphere | atmosphere_composition | atmosphere_ref | avg_speed | axial_tilt | background | barycentric | bgcolour | caption | circumference | declination | density | dimensions | discovered | discoverer | discovery_method | discovery_ref | discovery_site | earliest_precovery_date | eccentricity | epoch | equatorial_radius | escape_velocity | exosolar planets | extrasolarplanet | family | flattening | group | image | image_alt | image_scale | inclination | jupiter_moid | label_width | long_periastron | magnitude | mars_moid | mass | max_temp_1 | max_temp_2 | max_temp_3 | max_temp_4 | mean_anomaly | mean_diameter | mean_motion | mean_orbit_radius | mean_radius | mean_temp_1 | mean_temp_2 | mean_temp_3 | mean_temp_4 | mercury_moid | min_temp_1 | min_temp_2 | min_temp_3 | min_temp_4 | minorplanet | moid | moment_of_inertia_factor | mp_category | mp_name | mpc_name | name | named_after | neptune_moid | node_rate | note | observation_arc | orbit_diagram | orbit_ref | p_eccentricity | p_inclination | p_mean_motion | p_orbit_ref | p_semimajor | periapsis | periastron | perihelion | perihelion_rate | period | physical_ref | polar_radius | pole_ecliptic_lat | pole_ecliptic_lon | pronounce | pronounced | right_asc_north_pole | rot_velocity | rotation | satellite_of | satellites | saturn_moid | scale_height | semi-amplitude | semimajor | sidereal_day | single_temperature | spectral_type | star | surface_area | surface_grav | surface_pressure | surface_absorbed_dose_rate | surface_equivalent_dose_rate | symbol | synodic_period | temp_name1 | temp_name2 | temp_name3 | temp_name4 | time_periastron | tisserand | uncertainty | uranus_moid | venus_moid | volume }}

4015 Wilson–Harrington is an active asteroid<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> known both as comet 107P/Wilson–Harrington and as asteroid 4015 Wilson–Harrington. It passed Template:Convert from Earth on 20 July 2022 and then passed perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 24 August 2022.<ref name="jpldata"/> It seldom gets brighter than apparent magnitude 16.<ref name="Yoshida-107P"/> It will return to perihelion on 25 November 2026.<ref name="Horizons2026"/>

Observational history

This near-Earth object is considered both an Apollo asteroid with the designation 4015 Wilson–Harrington and a periodic comet known as Comet Wilson–Harrington or 107P/Wilson–Harrington. It was initially discovered in 1949 as a comet and then lost to further observations. Thirty years later it was rediscovered as an asteroid, after which it took over a decade to determine that these observations were of the same object. Therefore, it has both a comet designation and an asteroid designation, and with a name length of 17 characters it is currently the asteroid with the longest name, having one more character than the 16-character limit imposed by the IAU.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

The comet was discovered on 19 November 1949, by Albert G. Wilson and Robert G. Harrington at Palomar Observatory. Only three photographic observations were obtained and the comet was lost (insufficient observations to determine a precise enough orbit to know where to look for future appearances of the comet.)

On 15 November 1979, an apparent Mars-crosser asteroid was found by Eleanor F. Helin, also of Palomar Observatory. It received the designation 1979 VA, and when re-observed on 20 December 1988, received the permanent number 4015.

On 13 August 1992, it was reported that asteroid (4015) 1979 VA and comet 107P/Wilson–Harrington were the same object. By then, enough observations of the asteroid had accumulated to obtain a fairly precise orbit, and the search of old photographic plates for prediscovery images turned up the 1949 plates with the images of the lost comet.

Although the 1949 images show cometary features, all subsequent images appear stellar, suggesting it might be an inactive comet that undergoes only infrequent outbursts.

Orbital and physical properties

The eccentricity is 0.624, which is somewhat higher than that of a typical asteroid-belt minor planet and more typical of periodic comets. Its Minimum Orbit Intersection Distance (MOID) of less than 0.05 AU and its large size make it a potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA).

There are only eight other objects that are cross-listed as both comets and asteroids: 2060 Chiron (95P/Chiron), 7968 Elst–Pizarro (133P/Elst–Pizarro), 60558 Echeclus (174P/Echeclus), 118401 LINEAR (176P/LINEAR), Template:Mpl (282P/2003 BM80), Template:Mpl (288P/2006 VW139), Template:Mpl (362P/2008 GO98),<ref name="dualstatus"/> and Template:Mpl (433P/2005 QN173).<ref>M.P.C. 133823</ref> As a dual status object, astrometric observations of 4015 Wilson–Harrington should be reported under the minor planet designation.<ref name="dualstatus"/>

Exploration

A flyby of 4015 Wilson–Harrington was formerly planned by Deep Space 1.<ref name=comets>Comet Space Missions</ref> It was also considered for the NEAR mission.<ref name=ads>Template:Cite journal</ref>

See also

References

Template:Reflist

Template:Minor planets navigator {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:PeriodicComets Navigator Template:Comets Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "https://wiki.sarg.dev/index.php?title=4015_Wilson–Harrington&oldid=353580"