Aiko, Princess Toshi
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox royalty
Template:Japanese Imperial Family Template:Nihongo is a member of the Imperial House of Japan. She is the only child of Emperor Naruhito and Empress Masako.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Following her birth, the ongoing Japanese imperial succession debate had resulted in some politicians holding a favorable view on rescinding agnatic primogeniture (male-only imperial succession) originally implemented in 1889 and retained by the Allies of World War II on the Constitution of Japan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, once her uncle Crown Prince Fumihito had his son, Hisahito, in September 2006, Hisahito became second in the line of succession following his father. Aiko remains at present legally ineligible to inherit the throne and she cannot succeed her father, while debate about the possibility of having future empresses regnant continues.
Birth
Princess Aiko was born on 1 December 2001 at 2:43 PM in the Imperial Household Agency Hospital in Tokyo Imperial Palace, the first and only child of Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako (later Emperor and Empress), during the reign of her paternal grandfather, Emperor Akihito.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Due to Japanese law excluding women from inheriting the throne, she is not in the line of succession.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In a break with tradition, the name of the princess was chosen by her parents, instead of by her grandfather, Emperor Akihito. It was selected from clause 56 of Li Lou II, one of the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Mencius. Aiko, the princess' personal name, is written with the kanji characters for Template:Nihongo and Template:Nihongo and means "a person who loves others".<ref name="aikoname">Colin Joyce (2001-12-08). "Japan's princess named 'one who loves others' Template:Webarchive". The Daily Telegraph, 8 December 2001.</ref> The princess also has an imperial title, Template:Nihongo, which means "a person who respects others".<ref name="aikoname"/>
Education
Princess Aiko began her education at Gakushūin Kindergarten on 3 April 2006.<ref>Japan's Princess Aiko, 4, starts kindergarten Template:Webarchive. redOrbit. 10 April 2006. Retrieved 2 December 2009.</ref> She left kindergarten on 15 March 2008<ref>Princess Aiko finishes kindergarten Template:Webarchive. The Japan Times. 16 March 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2009.</ref> and then attended Gakushuin Primary School.<ref name=":0" />
On her eighth birthday, it was revealed that her interests included writing kanji characters, calligraphy, jump rope, playing piano and violin, and writing poetry.<ref>Princess Aiko celebrates 8th birthday Template:Webarchive. The Mainichi Daily News. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2009.</ref>
In early March 2010, Aiko began to stay home from school due to being bullied by boys in her school.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref> Aiko returned to school on a limited basis on 2 May 2010. After returning to school, a senior palace official said that she would attend a limited number of classes accompanied by her mother, upon advice from a doctor at the Crown Prince's household.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In November 2011, Aiko was hospitalized with pneumonia.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2014, she enrolled at the Gakushuin Girl's Junior High-school.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In the summer of 2018, she made her first solo trip abroad to attend a summer program at Eton College, United Kingdom.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Reports from an unnamed palace source close to the family stated that Aiko provided her mother Masako with emotional support in her new role as empress.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In February 2020 she was accepted at Gakushuin University where she majored in Japanese language and literature.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
She graduated on 20 March 2024 and stated that she will "strive to balance my official duties and work... while fulfilling my duties as a member of the Imperial Family."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She wrote her senior thesis on Princess Shikishi and her waka (poetry in classical Japanese literature).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Public life
From the age of 16, Aiko began accompanying her parents at public appearances.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was ineligible to attend any of her father's ascension ceremonies in person as she was still a minor at the time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On 15 September 2021, Aiko and her parents left the Akasaka Palace and moved to the Tokyo Imperial Palace.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On 5 December 2021, the Sunday after her 20th birthday, she participated in formal coming of age ceremonies wearing a tiara borrowed from her aunt, Sayako Kuroda and was awarded the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown by her father, Emperor Naruhito.<ref name="kyodonews20211205">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
She attended the 2022 New Year celebration at the Imperial Palace as her first public event as a working member of the imperial family.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Her first press conference took place on 17 March.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Her next public outing was on 5 November, when she participated with her cousin Princess Kako of Akishino in a gagaku concert organized by the Imperial Household Agency.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 24 November, Princess Aiko visited an exhibition at the Tokyo National Museum, with her parents.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Aiko visited Ise Jingu offering tamagushi to Amaterasu on 26 March and the mausoleum of Emperor Jimmu in Kashihara, Nara to inform his spirit of her graduation from university on 27 March. These were her first solo visits to the shrine and mausoleum.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She began work at the Japanese Red Cross Society, of which her mother is honorary president, on 1 April 2024 after graduating from university.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In October 2024 she made her first official solo Imperial visit, attending a sports competition in Saga prefecture.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In November 2025, she arrived in Laos as part of her first official overseas visit, commemorating 70 years of diplomatic relations between Japan and Laos.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Succession to the throne
The Imperial Household Law of 1947 abolished the Japanese nobility; under provisions of this law, the imperial family was streamlined to the descendants of Emperor Taishō.<ref name="jt2007">"Life in the Cloudy Imperial Fishbowl," Template:Webarchive The Japan Times. 27 March 2007.</ref> The laws of succession in Japan prevent inheritance by or through women.
Debate
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The birth of Princess Aiko sparked debate in Japan about whether the Imperial Household Law of 1947 should be changed from the current system of agnatic primogeniture to absolute primogeniture, which would allow a woman, as firstborn, to inherit the Chrysanthemum Throne ahead of a younger brother or male cousin. Although Imperial chronologies include ten empresses regnant as female monarchs in the course of Japanese history, their successors were always selected from amongst the members of the paternal Imperial bloodline, which is why some scholars argue that the women's reigns were temporary and that male-only succession tradition must be maintained in the 21st century.<ref name="jt2007"/> Though Empress Genmei was followed on the throne by her daughter, Empress Genshō,<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 56.</ref> Genshō's father, Prince Kusakabe, was also a member of the imperial dynasty, as the son of Emperor Tenmu, and therefore Genshō was a patrilineal descendant of the imperial bloodline. In addition, Empress Genshō herself was succeeded by her brother's son, thus keeping the throne in the same agnatic line; both Genshō and Genmei, as well as all other empresses regnant and emperors, belonged to the same agnatic line.
A government-appointed panel of experts submitted a report on 25 October 2005, recommending that the Imperial succession law be amended to permit absolute primogeniture. On 20 January 2006, Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi used part of his annual keynote speech to address the controversy when he pledged to submit a bill to the Diet letting women ascend to the throne in order that the Imperial throne be continued into the future in a stable manner. Koizumi did not announce a timing for the legislation to be introduced nor did he provide details about the content, but he did note that it would be in line with the conclusions of the 2005 government panel.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Birth of male cousin
Template:See also Proposals to replace agnatic primogeniture were shelved temporarily after it was announced in February 2006 that the-then Crown Prince's younger brother, Fumihito, Prince Akishino, and his wife, Kiko, Princess Akishino, were expecting their third child. On 6 September 2006, Princess Kiko gave birth to their first son, Hisahito, who was third in line to the Chrysanthemum Throne at the time of the birth under the current law, after his uncle, the then-Crown Prince, and his father, Prince Akishino.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The prince's birth provided the first male heir to be born in the imperial family in 41 years. On 3 January 2007, Prime Minister Shinzō Abe announced that he would drop the proposal to alter the Imperial Household Law.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Surveys have shown 80% public support for a female succession.<ref name="nippon-929">Template:Cite news</ref> A manga by Kobayashi Yoshinori called Aiko Tennō ron (愛子天皇論<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> "Princess Aiko as Empress") has led to debates and also been circulated amongst the members of the National Diet.<ref name="nippon-929"/>
Titles, styles and honours
Titles and styles
Princess Aiko is styled as "Her Imperial Highness Princess Aiko".<ref name="ako">Template:Cite web</ref> She also has an imperial title, Template:Nihongo.<ref name="ako"/> In general amongst the people she is referred to as "Aiko-sama". Template:Clear
Honours
National honours
- Template:Flag: File:JPN Hokan-sho 1Class BAR.svg Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown (1 December 2021)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
References
External links
- Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress at the Imperial Household Agency website
- Press Conference by Their Imperial Highness The Crown Prince and Crown Princess After the Birth of Her Imperial Highness Princess Aiko
- Press Conference on the occasion of the First Birthday of Her Imperial Highness Princess Aiko (2002) (Written Answers)
- BBC News | Japan's new princess meets the public